Jurnal Teknologi dan Rekayasa Alat Berat

Design of a Hydraulic System for a Laminated Bamboo Press Machine with Two Hydraulic Cylinders

Fanny Restu Utama — 2026-08-24

This study aims to design a hydraulic system for a laminated bamboo press machine utilizing two hydraulic cylinders to address the limitations of manual presses, which often result in uneven pressure distribution, prolonged production cycles, and subpar product quality. The hydraulic system is engineered to deliver uniform pressure, enhance operational efficiency, and improve the overall quality of laminated bamboo. The research methodology encompasses a literature review, field observations, computer-aided design (CAD) modeling, hydraulic simulation software analysis, and performance evaluation simulations. Key system components include a hydraulic gear pump, an electric motor, double-acting hydraulic cylinders, and a monoblock hydraulic valve. Computational and mathematical analyses indicate that the system can generate a working pressure of up to 2 MPa, achieve a pressing cycle under 5 minutes, and sustain a maximum load of 15 metric tons. Specific calculated parameters comprise a gear pump displacement of 14.3 cc/rev, a 3.7 kW electric motor, a 100 mm cylinder bore with a 56 mm rod diameter and a 400 mm stroke length, 3/8-inch hydraulic hoses, and a 12-liter reservoir capacity. This study contributes to the advancement of hydraulic-based technology in the laminated bamboo industry, fostering energy efficiency and operational sustainability in manufacturing processes.

Analysis of Engine High Blow-by Pressure Damage in a Caterpillar 320GC Excavator Diesel Engine at PT XYZ

Pandhu Khanif Pramudya — 2026-08-24

This study analyzes engine damage characterized by high blow-by pressure on a Caterpillar 320 GC excavator unit operated by PT XYZ. The damage is indicated by reduced engine power (low power), along with the emission of white smoke from the muffler and crankcase breather. The analysis was conducted using several methods, including blow-by pressure measurement, Scheduled Oil Sampling (SOS) analysis, engine disassembly (overhaul), and root cause analysis through fishbone diagrams, 5W+1H method, and fault tree analysis (FTA). The results showed that the blow/-by pressure reached 2.72 inH₂O, indicating a deteriorated engine condition. Oil analysis (SOS) detected high concentrations of wear metals, particularly iron (Fe) at 97.2 ppm, suggesting severe wear on internal engine components. After the overhaul, significant wear exceeding standard tolerance limits was found on the cylinder liner, piston, and piston rings. The primary cause of the high blow-by pressure was identified as wear on the piston rings, pistons, and cylinder liners due to increased levels of wear metals and oil contamination by fuel (fuel dilution), which reduced lubrication effectiveness. This condition was triggered by several contributing factors, including insufficient operator training, improper maintenance procedures, lack of adequate early detection systems, and extreme working environment conditions. As a result, the engine suffered damage and experienced a significant loss of power. The recommended solutions include replacing the worn components (cylinder liner, piston, and piston rings), improving operator training, and implementing a stricter preventive maintenance schedule to restore engine performance and extend component lifespan.

Investigation of Excessive Hydraulic Lubricant Consumption and Its Impact on the Performance of a 230-Ton Excavator

Yusuf Hamzah — 2026-08-24

Excavators are heavy equipment that rely on hydraulic systems to operate components such as the boom, arm, and bucket with high power and precise control, making them essential in construction and mining operations. This study investigates the causes of high hydraulic lubricant consumption in a 230-ton excavator over a specific period based on the unit’s operating hour data. Excessive lubricant consumption has the potential to reduce system performance and increase operational costs; therefore, this study aims to provide an in-depth analysis and management recommendations. The causes of failure were identified as being related to component lifetime limitations. Preventive maintenance and routine inspections are required to prevent further damage and extend component service life.

Design and Development of a Special Tool for the Removal of the Centrifugal Oil Cleaner Filter on a Scania P410

Reza Febriano Armas — 2026-08-24

In mining operations, the maintenance of heavy duty trucks such as the Scania P410 is essential to ensure sustained performance and operational reliability. One critical component of this unit is the centrifugal oil cleaner filter, which maintains oil purity and extends engine lifespan. However, several practical issues arise during maintenance, notably the difficulty of removing the filter housing due to slack nuts and its limited accessibility. This study presents the design and implementation of a special auxiliary tool intended to overcome these challenges and improve maintenance efficiency. The research applied the 7Ups++ innovation method, encompassing problem mapping, root-cause analysis, idea exploration, design, and implementation. The newly developed tool was fabricated using steel materials and validated through field testing at PT United Tractors, Site Muara Teweh–Tuhup. Experimental results demonstrated that the tool effectively facilitates housing removal, reduces the risk of component damage, and shortens maintenance downtime. The solution also contributes to cost reduction, enhanced technician safety, and improved work quality. Standardization and operator training were identified as key elements for broader implementation across field service operations.

Productivity Analysis of Volvo EC480DL Excavator in Coal Loading Operations at PT Bukit Asam Based on Cycle Time and Work Efficiency

Sarmidi — 2026-08-24

This study aims to analyze the productivity of the Volvo EC480DL in coal loading activities at Pit 2 Bangko Barat, PT Bukit Asam Tbk. Heavy equipment productivity is an important parameter in determining the success of mining operations, particularly in achieving production targets. The research method employed includes literature review, field observations, and the collection of primary and secondary data. The analyzed parameters consist of cycle time, bucket capacity, bucket fill factor, swell factor, and work efficiency. The results show that the average cycle time of the equipment is 20 seconds with a work efficiency of 69%. Based on these parameters, the productivity value obtained is 239 tons per hour. Further analysis indicates that equipment productivity is influenced by several factors, including front loading conditions, hauling road conditions, and limited effective working time. Nevertheless, the monthly production results indicate that the company’s production targets have been achieved. Therefore, productivity improvement can be achieved through the enhancement of operational conditions in the field, improvement of operator skills, and optimization of effective working time. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a basis for evaluation and decision-making in improving the performance of loading equipment in coal mining operations.

Material Assessment of Mining Equipment Wear Components Through Hardness-Profile Evaluation: A Field-Based Case Study

Dicky Januarizky Silitonga — 2026-08-24

Mining equipment operates under abrasive conditions that progressively damage wear components, which rate depends on operational factors. Consequently, reliable material assessment of such components is essential for maintenance planning and operation. This study investigates the hardness and through-thickness profiles of field-recovered wear components comprising a motor-grader cutting edge and two haul-truck dump-body liners. Multipoint Vickers hardness measurements were obtained across the cross-section of each specimen and converted to approximate Brinell equivalents for comparison with the nominal hardness ranges of commercial wear plates. The specimens exhibited mean hardness values of 271.67, 439.48, and 325.43 HB. The two liner specimens were consistent with known commercial hardness grades. Cross-sectional mapping showed that the abrasion-resistant materials used as wear components exhibited different hardness profiles. Through-thickness hardness testing, therefore, provides a practical approach to preliminary material selection and can provide supplementary information for service-life assessments when combined with actual wear rates or historical component change-out data.