Kegagalan Ja-Zenchu dalam Mempertahankan Kebijakan Proteksionisme Pertanian Jepang Menghadapi Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP)
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Keywords

JA-Zenchu
Trans Pacific Partnership
liberalisasi dan deregulasi pertanian
Gaiatsu

Abstract

Sektor pertanian Jepang diwarnai oleh kebijakan proteksionisme yang diberikan oleh pemerintah kepada kelompok petani. Produktivitas yang rendah serta kekuatan politik dari kelompok kepentingan bernama JA-Zenchu menjadi salah satu penyebab eksistensi kebijakan proteksionisme pertanian. Kemenangan partai LDP dalam pemilu tahun 2012 pada mulanya disambut positif oleh masyarakat ekonomi Jepang agar dapat merevitalisasi ekonomi nasional. Namun pada 15 Maret 2013, rezim LDP di bawah PM Shinzo Abe menyatakan secara resmi partisipasi Jepang di dalam negosiasi perdagangan bebas Trans Pacific Partnership yang mengagendakan liberalisasi dan deregulasi seluruh sektor ekonomi, tidak terkecuali sektor pertanian. Keputusan ini mengejutkan seluruh pemangku kepentingan terutama JA-Zenchu sebagai kelompok kepentingan dari petani. Pertanyaan penelitian yang diajukan oleh artikel ada dua antara lain (1) mengapa JA-Zenchu gagal memengaruhi pemerintah untuk menolak partisipasi Jepang dalam TPP? serta (2) apa implikasi kegagalan JA-Zenchu dalam memengaruhi keputusan Jepang menolak TPP?. Artikel ini akan menggunakan konsep gaiatsu in Japanese policy making oleh Aurelia George Mulgan dalam menganalisis pertanyaan penelitian artikel ini.

https://doi.org/10.22146/jwts.v5i1.835
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