Pengaruh Ritma Circadian Terhadap Produksi Volatile Sulfur Compounds (VSC) Oral

Abstract

Volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) oral dihasilkan dari produk putrifikasi mikroba gas hidrogen sulfida (H₂S), metil merkaptan (CH₃SH) dan dimetil sulfida [(CH₃)₂S] yang merupakan gas utama penyebab halitosis. Ritma circadian mempunyai pengaruh terhadap fungsi beberapa organ tubuh termasuk sekresi saliva, produksi hormon, fungsi sistem tubuh, dan aktivitas mikroorganisma. Penelitian bertujuan menguji pengaruh ritma circadian terhadap produksi VSC oral yang diukur menggunakan OralChroma portable. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mengukur gas VSC individu yang sama pada pagi, siang dan malam hari di laboratorium riset terpadu FKG UGM. Hasil pengukuran H₂S, CH₃SH dan (CH₃)₂S diuji menggunakan analisis statistik Anava dua jalur dilanjutkan uji LSD dan uji korelasi Pearson dengan derajat kemaknaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang sangat bermakna antara produksi gas H₂S, CH₃SH dan (CH₃)₂S dengan waktu pengukuran (efek circadian) (p=0,000). Perbedaan sangat bermakna diketahui pula pada pengukuran gas H₂S dan (CH₃)₂S antara pagi, siang dan malam (p=0,01 dan p= 0,00), serta pengukuran gas CH₃SH siang dan malam (p=0,006), tetapi tidak pada CH₃SH pagi hari (p=0,061). Produksi gas H₂S tertinggi diketahui pada pagi hari (mean 1,198 ng/10 ml, CH₃SH pada malam hari (mean 0,099 ng/10 ml), dan (CH₃)₂S pada siang hari (mean 1,216 ng/10 ml). Kekuatan hubungan pengukuran antara ke tiga gas dengan efek circadian diketahui sebesar r=0,738. Disimpulkan bahwa ritma circadian berpengaruh terhadap produksi VSCs oral. Produksi gas H₂S dan (CH₃)₂S berbeda antara pagi, siang dan malam hari, sedangkan produksi gas CH₃SH berbeda hanya pengukuran siang dan malam hari. Produksi gas H₂S tertinggi diketahui pada pagi hari, gas CH₃SH pada malam hari, dan gas (CH₃)₂S pada siang hari. Maj Ked Gi. Juni 2013; 20(1): 14 - 20.

The Effect Of Circadian Rhythm To Oral Volatile Sulfur Compounds Production. Oral volatile sulfur compound (VSC) is produced from microbial purification of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), methyl mercaptan (CH₃SH) and dimethyl sulfide [(CH₃₂S] gases. They are the main gases that cause halitosis. Circadian rhythm influenced the function of several organs of the human body including salivary secretion, hormone production, the body’s systems function, and activity of microorganisms. The purpose of this research is to examine the influence of circadian rhythm to oral VSC production measured by using a portable Oral Chroma. The research was carried-out by measuring the individual VSC gases in the morning, afternoon and evening at the integrated research laboratory, Faculty of Dentistry, UGM. Gases of H₂S, CH₃SH and (CH₃)₂S were tested by two-way ANOVA followed by Post-hoc LSD and Pearson correlation test with 95% significance level. The results showed the positive significant differences among the production of H₂S, CH₃SH and (CH₃)₂S with circadian time (p=0.000). Highly significant difference was also detected in amount of H₂S and (CH₃)₂S gases in the morning, afternoon and evening (p=0.01 and p=0.00), as well as the amount of CH₃SH gas in the afternoon and night (p=0.006), but not in amount of CH₃SH gas in the morning (p=0.061). The highest production of H₂S gas was known in the morning (mean 1.198 ng/10 ml), CH₃SH gas was detected in the night (mean 0.099 ng/10 ml), and (CH₃)₂S gas was observed in the afternoon (mean 1.216 ng/10 ml). The strength of relationship among amount of three gases with circadian effects was r = 0.738. It is concluded that circadian rhythm markedly influences the production of oral VSCs. H₂S and (CH₃)₂S gases production were significantly different among in the morning, afternoon and evening. However, amount of CH₃SH gas production was significantly different only in the afternoon and the night. The highest gas production of H₂S, CH₃SH, and (CH₃)₂S was observed in the morning, in the night, and in the afternoon, respectively.