Peningkatan Jumlah Mikronukleus pada Mukosa Gingiva Kelinci Setelah Paparan Radiografi Panoramik

https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.6738

Rurie Ratna Shantiningsih(1), Suwaldi Suwaldi(2), Indwiani Astuti(3), Munakhir Mudjosemedi(4*)

(1) Bagian Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Farmasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(3) Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(4) Bagian Radiologi Dentomaksilofasial, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Mikronukleus merupakan salah satu tanda awal terjadinya kerusakan DNA yang ditemukan pada mukosa gingiva manusia setelah paparan radiografi dental panoramik. Peningkatan jumlah mikronukleus terjadi paling tinggi pada hari ke-10 dan selanjutnya mengalami penurunan sampai dengan hari ke-14. Kelinci memiliki karakter dan periode turn-over mukosa gingiva yang hampir sama dengan manusia berkisar antara 10-12 hari. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi apakah peningkatan jumlah mikronukleus pada mukosa gingiva kelinci setelah paparan radiografi panoramik. Sembilan ekor kelinci dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok untuk mewakili hari ke-3, 6 dan 9 setelah paparan radiografi panoramik. Sebelum dan sesudah diberikan paparan radiografi panoramik, setiap hewan coba dilakukan apusan pada mukosa gingiva anterior rahang bawah menggunakan cervical brush. Hasil apusan dilakukan pewarnaan dengan modifikasi Feulgen-Rossenbeck dan dihitung jumlah mikronukleus menggunakan mikroskop yang disambungkan dengan optilab. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan paired t-test. Analisis statistik menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) antara jumlah mikronukleus sebelum dan 9 hari sesudah paparan radiografi panoramik. Akan tetapi tidak ditemukan perbedaan yang signifikan (p>0,05) antara sebelum paparan dibandingkan hari ke-3 dan ke-6 setelah paparan radiografi panoramik. Kesimpulang dari hasil penelitian ini sejalan dengan penelitian sebelumnya pada manusia bahwa peningkatan jumlah mikronukleus terjadi pada hari ke-9 setelah paparan radiografi panoramik. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa pada kelinci juga menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah mikronukleus di mukosa gingiva akibat paparan radiografi panoramik.

Micronucleus Increase After Panoramic Radiography Exposure In Rabbit’s Gingival Mucosa. Micronucleus is one of the early states of DNA damage found in human gingival mucosa after dental panoramic radiography exposure. The increasing amount of micronucleus will reach a peak in the tenth day after the exposure, and it will continuously decrease right after the fourteenth day. Rabbit has almost the same gingival mucosa and turn-over period with human for about 10-12 days. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the increasing amount of micronucleus in rabbit’s gingival mucosa after panoramic radiography exposure. A total of nine New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups to represent day of 3rd, 6th  and 9th after the panoramic radiography exposure. The mandibular anterior gingival mucosa of each animals was swabbed using a cervical brush before and after panoramic radiography exposure. The samples were stained with Feulgen-Rossenbeck modification, and the amount of micronucleus was counted using a microscope that is connected to Optilab. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-test. The statistical analysis showed that there was significant difference (p <0.05) between the number of micronucleus before exposure and 9th day after panoramic radiography exposure. Moreover, there was no significant difference (p> 0.05) between the amount of micronucleus before exposure compared with 3rd  and 6th  day after panoramic radiography exposure. Based on the experiment, it is concluded that the result is consistent with previous studies conducted in human that there was increasing amount of micronucleus at the 9th  day after panoramic radiography exposure. This result   indicates that rabbit   performs the increasing amount of micronucleus in gingival mucosa because of panoramic radiography exposure


Keywords


paparan radiografi panoramik; mukosa gingiva kelinci; micronukleus; panoramic radiography exposure; rabbit mucosa gingiva; micronucleus

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.6738

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