Pengaruh variansi konsentrasi ekstrak kulit batang jambu mete terhadap sitotoksikitas sel fibroblas

H. Harsini; Ahmad Febri

doi:10.22146/majkedgiind.10730

Pengaruh variansi konsentrasi ekstrak kulit batang jambu mete terhadap sitotoksikitas sel fibroblas

https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.10730

H. Harsini^(1*), Ahmad Febri⁽²⁾

(1) Departemen Ilmu Biomaterial Kedokteran Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(2) Pendidikan Dokter Gigi, Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

The influence of cashew stembark extract on citotoxicity fibroblast. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of variation in the concentration of cashew stem bark extract as the base material of mouthwash of the cytotoxic effect on fibroblast cells. The material used in this study was cashew stem bark extracted by maceration method using 70% of ethanol. A total of 15 samples were grouped into 5, each of which consisted of 3 samples (ISO 10993-5). Concentrations used were 1.6%, 0.8%, 0.4%, 0.2% and 0.05%. Cytotoxicity test used the MTT method by comparing the optical density (ELISA plate reader) between treated groups with control groups. Cell viability was obtained by comparing the treated groups with control groups. Cell viability data was analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD. The results showed that cashew stem bark has an anticardia acid. Cytotoxicity test used the mean of fibroblast cell viability due to various cashew stem bark extracts successively from concentrations 1.6%, 0.8%, 0.4%, 0.2% and 0.05% with the mean of 15.35 ± 0.443%, 30.84% ± 1.59, 47.78 ± 8.09%, 65.74% ± 3.20, 74.95 ± 7.26%. ANOVA showed a significant influence of various cashew stem bark on cell viability (p<0,05). The results of LSD showed a significant difference between treated groups except between concentrations 0.95% and 0.2%. In conclusion, Cashew extract have anacardic acid and there was influence on various cashew stem bark extract concentrations on the cytotoxicity of fibroblast cell. The concentration of 2% was not cytotoxic.

ABSTRAK

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kandungan ekstrak kulit batang jambu mete dan pengaruh variasi konsentrasi terhadap sitotosisitas sel fibroblas. Penelitian ini menggunakan bahan kulit batang jambu mete (Mojolegi) yang diindentifikasi dan diekstrak menggunakan metode maserasi dengan pelarut etanol 70%. Ekstrak diuji kandungannya menggunakan metode KLT (Kromatografi Lapis Tipis). Uji sitotoksikistas menggunakan sampel sejumlah 15 dikelompokkan menjadi 5, masing-masing kelompok 3 (ISO-10993-5). Variasi konsentrasi adalah 1,6%, 0,8%, 0,4%, 0,2% dan 0,05%. Uji sitotoksikitas menggunakan metode MTT dengan cara membandingkan optical density (ELISA plate reader) antar kelompok perlakuan dengan kelompok kontrol. Viabilitas sel didapatkan dengan membandingkan nilai optical density pada kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kontrol. Data viabilitas sel dianalisis menggunakan ANAVA satu jalur dan LSD. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rerata ekstrak mengandung senyawa asam anakardat dan asam galat. Uji sitotoksikistas sel fibroblas akibat variasi ekstrak kulit batang jambu mete secara berturut-turut dari konsentrasi 1,6%, 0,8%, 0,4%, 0,2% dan 0,05% dengan rerata sebesar 15,35% ± 0,443, 30,84% ± 1,59, 47,78% ± 8,09, 65,74% ± 3,20, 74,95% ± 7,26. Uji ANAVA menunjukkan adanya pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstrak kulit batang jambu mete bermakna terhadap viabilitas sel (p<0,05). Hasil uji LSD menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p<0,05) antar kelompok perlakuan, kecuali antara konsentrasi 0,05% dengan konsentrasi 0,2%. Kesimpulan Ekstrak kulit batang jambu mete mengandung asam anakardat dan asam galat dan terdapat pengaruh variasi konsentrasi ekstrak kulit batang jambu mete terhadap sitotoksikitas sel fibroblas. Konsentrasi 0,2% merupakan konsentrasi yang tidak toksis terhadap sel fibroblas secara in vitro.

Keywords

mouthwash; cashew stem bark extract; MTT assay; cell fibroblast

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/majkedgiind.10730