Jurnal Sain Veteriner (JSV), with registered number ISSN 0126-0421 (print), ISSN 2407-3733 (online) is a national scientific journal published by Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada and Indonesian Veterinary Medical Association (PDHI) with Cooperation Agreement No. 005/PBPDHI.KU/PK/III/2024 and No. 882/UN1/FKH/TU/HK.4/2024. The journal is accredited by Director General of Higher Education, Research, and Technology Number 10/C/C3/DT.05.00/2025 dated March 21, 2025 concerning the Accreditation Ranking of Scientific Journals for Period I of 2025 that JSV occupies the Sinta 2 Ranking (S2). Publication in JSV including original articles, reviews and case reports of a high scientific and ethical standard in all aspects of veterinary and biomedical research. Since 2020, JSV has been published 3 times a year, in April, August and December. The primary aim of the journal is to inform veterinary and biomedical scientists of significant advances in veterinary and related research through prompt publication and dissemination. Secondly, the journal aims to provide a general multi-disciplinary forum for discussion and debate of news and issues concerning veterinary science. Thirdly, to promote the dissemination of knowledge to a broader range of professions, globally. JSV encourages papers providing results that have clear implications for understanding disease pathogenesis and for the development of control measures or treatments, as well as those dealing with a comparative biomedical approach, which represents a substantial improvement to animal and human health.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada bekerjasama dengan PB PDHI
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Detection of ESBL-Encoding Genes in Antibiotic-Resistant Escherichia coli Isolated from Houseflies (Musca domestica) in Campus Food Court
Escherichia coli is a dangerous pathogen that is reported to bring about disease in humans as well as animals. E. coli is commonly associated with diseases due to food contamination. Some strains of the pathogen have shown resistance to various antibiotics, one of them is ESBL-E. coli, leading to complex problems in health. The transmission of pathogenic bacteria in the environment can be mediated by houseflies (Musca domestica). This study aimed to analyze the presence of antibiotic-resistant E. coli bacteria and detect resistance genes carried by houseflies (M. domestica) collected from food courts in IPB University, Dramaga Bogor, Indonesia. The study included isolation and identification of E. coli bacteria based on ISO 16649-2: 2001 standards. E. coliisolates are then tested for antibiotic sensitivity using the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method based on CLSI in 2023. Antibiotics tested included ciprofloxacin, ampicillin, tetracycline, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, chloramphenicol, ceftazidime, and cefotaxime. Then, the identification of genes encoding ESBL resistance (blaCTX, blaTEM, and blaSHV) was conducted. The study found 5 isolates (5/40; 12.5%). Total 4 isolates of 5 isolates indicated resistance against two or several antibiotics tested. Detection of genes encoding ESBL resistance in 5 E. coli isolates showed that 2 isolates (40%) were positive for the blaTEM gene but did not show positive results for blaCTX and blaSHV genes. The appearance of antibiotic-resistant E. coli in houseflies in food court in campus should be taken into account.
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Perbandingan GCU (Glucose, Cholesterol, Uric Acid) Hemoglobin Multiparameter dengan Biochemistry Analyzer pada Darah Monyet Ekor Panjang di Monkey Forest Ubud
Glukosa, kolesterol, dan asam urat merupakan bagian dari biokimia darah monyet ekor panjang yang dapat diperiksa menggunakan alat penunjang berupa GCU (glucose, cholesterol, uric acid) hemoglobin multiparameter, akan tetapi, alat ini sebelumnya belum pernah digunakan untuk menguji darah monyet ekor panjang karena alat tersebut ditujukan untuk manusia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbandingan nilai uji biokimia darah (glukosa, kolesterol, dan asam urat) menggunakan GCU hemoglobin multiparameter dengan biochemistry analyzer yang biasa digunakan sebagai acuan di laboratorium klinik hewan. Darah monyet ekor panjang diambil dari ujung jari untuk sampel yang diuji dengan GCU hemoglobin multiparameter dan dari vena femoralis untuk sampel yang diuji dengan biochemistry analyzer. Data diolah dengan uji T berpasangan, sehingga hasil perbandingan nilai dari alat GCU hemoglobin multiparameter dan biochemistry analyzer pada darah monyet ekor panjang menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p < 0.05).
Uji In vitro Aktivitas Antiparasit Minyak Esensial Chamomile (Anthemis nobilis L.) Terhadap Tungau Otodectes cynotis
Parasitic otitis adalah penyakit pada telinga yang biasa ditemukan pada hewan kecil, salah satunya adalah kucing. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh tungau otodectes cynotis. Terdapat pengobatan alami yang bisa dijadikan peluang sebagai alternatif lain dalam membantu mengatasi penyakit otitis pada kucing yang salah satunya adalah minyak esensial chamomile (Anthemis nobilis l.)(MEC) karena memiliki efektifitas sebagai antiparasit, antibakteri, dan antijamur. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mengetahui potensi MEC sebagai antiparasit khususnya terhadap tungau otodectes cynotis serta mengetahui konsentrasi MEC yang berpotensi untuk menangani kasus parasitic otitis pada kucing. Penelitian ini dilakukan uji in vitro berupa uji aktivitas antiparasit untuk menentukan konsentrasi terbaik yang berpotensi membunuh tungau otodectes cynotis. Pada uji aktivitas antiparasit didapatkan konsentrasi MEC terbaik yaitu 5% dengan hasil daya hambat tetas telur (62,5%), persentase mortalitas tungau otodectes cynotis pada siklus larva (90%), nimfa (90%), dan dewasa (82,50%). Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa MEC 5% memiliki potensi sebagai antiparasit.
Biosekuriti Pasar Unggas Hidup dan Risiko Avian Influenza di Bogor: Implikasi Surveilans One Health
Background: Live bird markets (LBMs) are critical nodes in the poultry supply chain but also high-risk environments for avian influenza (AI) transmission. Objectives: This study assessed biosecurity, sanitation, and environmental practices in LBMs in Bogor, Indonesia, and evaluated evidence of AI exposure in poultry through serological testing. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in nine LBMs using structured questionnaires and observations, alongside serological testing with the hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay to detect antibodies against H5N1 clades 2.1.3 and 2.3.2. Results: Significant biosecurity gaps were identified, including reliance on motorcycles for poultry transport, mixing of birds from multiple sources and species, absence of wastewater treatment facilities, and frequent presence of stray animals. Serological testing detected antibodies in layer chickens (55.6% for both clades) and broilers (11.2% for clade 2.3.2), suggesting ongoing viral exposure potentially linked to vaccination and/or field circulation. Conclusions: The findings highlight LBMs as amplification points for AI, with implications for poultry health, human exposure, and environmental contamination. Strengthening biosecurity and market infrastructure, enforcing animal health certification, and implementing safe disposal of sick or dead birds are critical. Integrating these measures within a One Health framework is essential to reduce AI risks and enhance zoonotic disease preparedness in Indonesia.
Effect of Moringa oleifera Lam. Leaf Extract on Sperm Motility and Abnormality in White Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Exposed to Cigarette Smoke: An In Vivo Experimental Study
Background: CSE has been shown to induce oxidative stress, negatively impacting sperm quality and morphology by decreasing motility and increasing abnormalities. Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves are rich in flavonoids and other antioxidants that may counteract the harmful effects of free radicals. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract on sperm motility and abnormality in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) exposed to cigarette smoke. Method: This true experimental study used a completely randomized design. Twenty-five male rats were divided into five groups: negative control (K−), positive control (K+), and three treatment groups (P1, P2, P3) receiving oral administration of Moringa leaf extract at graded doses (13, 26, and 52 mg/kg BW) for 14 days, along with daily exposure to cigarette smoke. Results: Results showed that group P3 (52 mg/kg BW) had significantly higher sperm motility compared to the positive control and was statistically comparable to the negative control (p<0.05). Furthermore, sperm abnormality in group P3 decreased significantly, approaching the normal range. Conclusion: In conclusion, the administration of Moringa oleifera leaf extract at a dose of 52 mg/kg BW effectively preserved sperm motility and reduced abnormality in white rats exposed to cigarette smoke. These findings support the potential of Moringa oleifera as a phytotherapeutic agent to protect reproductive health against oxidative stress.
Postpartum Serum Non-Esterified Fatty Acids, Milk Yield, Feed Intake and Plasma Natural Antibodies in Cows wih subclunical Mastitis
Somatic cell count (SCC) is commonly used as an indicator of subclinical mastitis, yet its association with postpartum performance, non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentration, and immune status remains unclear. This study evaluated 18 Holstein Friesian cows grouped by milk SCC: low (<160,000 cells/ml), moderate (160,000–400,000 cells/ml), or high (>400,000 cells/ml). Daily milk production, feed intake, plasma NEFA levels, and natural antibodies (IgG and IgM) against keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) were measured. ANOVA was used to detect differences among groups. Despite consistent feeding regimens and standardized sampling, cows with high SCC (4.79) tended to exhibit lower IgG titers than those with low (6.16) and moderate (6.42) SCC, suggesting reduced immune function under higher SCC levels. However, milk yield, feed intake, IgM titers, and postpartum NEFA levels showed no significant differences among the three groups. These findings indicate that elevated SCC may impair systemic IgG antibody responses but exerts limited effects on production and metabolic parameters. In conclusion, while SCC appears to influence immune status, its relationship with NEFA concentrations, milk production, and feed intake is less pronounced under these experimental conditions.
Pemberian Transfer Factor Terhadap Gambaran Hematologi pada Kucing yang Terinfeksi Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV)
Feline Panleukopenia Virus (FPV) adalah penyakit viral yang sangat menular dengan tingkat morbiditas dan mortalitas tinggi, terutama pada anak kucing (kitten). Penyakit ini menunjukkan gejala berupa, muntah, diare, dehidrasi, dan depresi berat. Hingga saat ini, belum ditemukan terapi spesifik yang efektif, sehingga pengobatan bersifat suportif dan simptomatik. Salah satu pendekatan terapi yang mulai dikembangkan adalah penggunaan Transfer Factor sebagai imunomodulator. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi profil hematologi dan kimia darah pada kucing yang terinfeksi FPV sesudah diberi terapi kombinasi pengobatan konvensional dan suplementasi Transfer Factor. Sebanyak 24 ekor kucing, terdiri dari kitten dan kucing dewasa, dibagi menjadi empat kelompok berdasarkan umur dan jenis terapi yang diberikan. Pemeriksaan klinis, tes diagnostik FPV, serta analisis hematologi dilakukan setelah terapi untuk menilai efektivitas pengobatan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian Transfer Factor secara signifikan mempengaruhi beberapa parameter hematologi, seperti peningkatan jumlah eritrosit, hemoglobin, hematokrit, serta trombosit. Parameter leukosit juga menunjukkan respons positif, terutama pada limfosit dan neutrofil. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa Transfer Factor dapat berperan sebagai terapi tambahan yang mendukung pemulihan kucing yang terinfeksi FPV dengan meningkatkan respons imun dan memperbaiki kondisi fisiologis pasien. Penggunaan Transfer Factor sebagai terapi suportif pada kasus FPV berpotensi meningkatkan tingkat kesembuhan serta mempercepat pemulihan klinis kucing yang terinfeksi. Studi lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk mengeksplorasi mekanisme kerja dan efektivitas Transfer Factor dalam terapi infeksi FPV.
Pengaruh Pemberian Pakan Formulasi Terhadap Pertambahan Panjang Badan Anakan Burung Lovebird (Agapornis fischeri) Umur 15-60 hari
Lovebirds (LB) are widely kept and bred as pets. The development of health and disease in chicks is the main problem faced by lovebird keepers, mainly because there is no special feed and feeding equipment for LBs. This research aims to study the development of body length increase in lovebird chicks fed formulated feed from the age of 15-60 days using a modified Handfeeding tool. This study used formulated feed and 30 clinically healthy 15-day-old LB calves. A total of 2 feed formulations were made using commercial chicken feed ingredients plus milk and rice. LB chicks were divided into three groups, ten birds each, consisting of group I, the formula I feed; group II, given formula II feed; and group III (control), given commercial bird feed. Lovebirds chicks are reared and fed by hand feeding from 15 to 60 days old and checked for body length development. The results of body length development between groups were analyzed descriptively. The average results of measuring the body length of lovebird chicks fed formula 1 were 5.64 cm at the age of 15 days to 9.58 cm at the age of 60 days, while formula 2 was 5.78 cm at the age of 15 days to 10.83 cm at the age of 60 days, and conventional feed is 5.79 cm at the age of 15 days to 12.45 cm at the age of 60 days. It was concluded that formulated feed provided less additional body for love bird chicks than commercial feed. Lovebird; Formulated bird feed
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bosibosi (Timonius flavescens) terhadap Jumlah dan Diameter Pulau Langerhans Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi BPA
Bisphenol A (BPA) merupakan senyawa kimia sintetis yang banyak digunakan dalam industri plastik dan diketahui bersifat toksik serta mengganggu sistem endokrin, termasuk memengaruhi fungsi pankreas. Daun bosibosi (Timonius flavescens (Jacq.) Baker) mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder seperti flavonoid, fenolik, saponin, serta terpenoid/steroid. Flavonoid dalam bosibosi diketahui memiliki aktivitas biologis tinggi dan berpotensi sebagai antidiabetes. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol daun bosibosi terhadap jumlah dan diameter pulau Langerhans tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang diinduksi BPA. Penelitian menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) dengan enam perlakuan dan lima ulangan. Tikus diberi 0,5 ml minyak jagung, BPA dosis tunggal (50 mg/kg BB), dan kombinasi BPA + ekstrak etanol daun bosibosi (EEDB) dosis bertingkat (125, 250, dan 500 mg/kg BB) secara oral selama 30 hari. Kelompok normal hanya diberi pelet dan air. Pada hari ke-31, tikus dibedah dan pankreas diambil untuk ditimbang serta diproses histologinya. Hasil uji ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa pemberian EEDB tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan (P > 0,05) terhadap berat badan, berat pankreas, rasio berat pankreas, dan jumlah pulau Langerhans. Namun, EEDB berpengaruh signifikan (P < 0,05) terhadap diameter pulau Langerhans. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun bosibosi berpotensi melindungi struktur pulau Langerhans dari kerusakan akibat paparan BPA. Kata kunci : Bisphenol A; Rattus norvegicus; Timonius flavescens; pankreas; pulau Langerhans
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN BIOSEKURITI DI FEEDLOT LEMBU SETIA ABADI JAYA TANGERANG
Biosekuriti merupakan tindakan pertahanan pertama untuk pengendalian wabah dan dilakukan untuk mencegah semua kemungkinan penularan/kontak dengan ternak tertular sehingga rantai penyebaran penyakit dapat diminimalkan. Penerapan biosekuriti yang merupakan pertahanan awal pengendalian wabah dengan komponen utama isolasi, kontrol lalu lintas dan sanitasi, pada pertengahan 2022, Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) kembali muncul di Indonesia setelah 3 dekade bebas dari penyakit tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas biosekuriti feedlot. Penelitian ini dilakukan di feedlot Lembu Setia Abadi Jaya (LSAJ) yang merupakan perusahaan penggemukan sapi impor dari Australia berkapasitas Instalasi Karantina Hewan (IKH) sebanyak 1800 ekor berdiri sejak 2009. Pada penelitian ini akan menggunakan 3 data mortalitas dan morbiditas yaitu, data sebelum terjadi wabah PMK, data saat terjadi wabah PMK dan yang ketiga adalah data ketika feedlot sudah siap menghadapi wabah PMK dengan meningkatkan biosekuriti. Selama masa penelitian akan dilampirkan pula sapi sakit beserta penanganannya, apabila terdapat sapi potong paksa atau mati akan dilampirkan hasil investigasi kejadian tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebelum adanya wabah PMK biosekuriti yang diterapkan pada feedlot LSAJ belum terlalu ketat seperti wabah PMK sehingga tingkat kejadian PMK sebelum biosekuriti ketat diterapkan meningkat secara signifikan. Deteksi dini yang dilakukan sebagai respons yang tepat dan cepat dalam feedlot LSAJ terhadap wabah PMK, hal ini menunjukkan pengetatan biosekuriti berpengaruh pada kejadian PMK dan secara statistic dilakukan uji Chi-Square didapatkan mendapatkan hasil nilai sig. 0,000 < 0,05 yang berarti terdapat perbedaan antara keadaan biosekuriti sebelum pengetatan dan setelah ada pengetatan.
Analisis Usaha Penggemukan Domba di Kelompok Ternak Sehati di Desa Sukorini Kecamatan Manisrenggo Kabupaten Klaten
Sheep is one of the sources of meat supply in Indonesia that is now increasingly in demand by the public, almost on par with the demand for goat meat. Therefore, efficient and profitable farming methods are needed. This study aims to analyze the sheep fattening business conducted by the Sehati Livestock Group in Sukorini Village, Manisrenggo District, Klaten Regency. The study lasted for three months using quality ewe lambs aged 8 months to 1 year with an initial weight of 15-25 kg. The methods applied included preconditioning to the fattening program in accordance with the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP), starting from arrival until the sheep were ready for sale. The main variables observed were body weight growth and income earned by the livestock group. The study was conducted on 44 sheep, with monthly body weight measurements and recording of all operational costs, including feed and medicine, to calculate the profit earned. The results showed that the average weight gain of sheep reached 6.42 ± 0.24 kg in three months. Thus, the Sehati Livestock Group earned a profit of Rp1,725,942 with an R/C ratio value of 1.03>1, indicating that this business has reached the optimal profit level. However, the fattening program carried out by the Sehati Livestock Group still requires evaluation in order to increase profitability in the future.
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI Staphylococcus aureus PADA SUSU SAPI MASTITIS SUBKLINIS DI PANGALENGAN
Susu sapi merupakan produk utama yang dihasilkan sapi perah. Kandungan susu sapi yang beragam, menjadikan susu sebagai sumber nutrisi yang baik untuk metabolisme tubuh. Tingginya permintaan susu di Indonesia belum terpenuhi karena adanya aspek kesehatan dari sapi yang mengalami mastitis. Staphylococcus aureus adalah salah satu patogen yang menyebabkan mastitis subklinis pada sapi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui cemaran Staphylococcus aureus pada sampel susu sapi yang menderita mastitis subklinis di Pangalengan. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode deskriptip kualitatif, menggunakan 48 sampel susu sapi perah mastitis dengan hasil uji CMT . Isolasi dan identifikasi Staphylococcus aureus dilakukan dilakukan melalui metode kultur pada media Blood Agar Plate (BAP), Mannitol Salt Agar (MSA), pewarnaan Gram, uji katalase, uji DNase, serta uji koagulase. Dari 48 sampel terdapat 17 isolat yang mengandung Staphylococcus aureus. 17 isolat menghasilkan hemolisin pada blood agar, memfermentasikan mannitol, pewarnaan Gram positif kokus, katalase positif, koagulase positif dan DNase positif. Kata kunci : mastitis subklinis; susu sapi; Staphylococcus aureus.
Pengaruh Ekstrak Etanol Daun Bosibosi (Timonius flavescens (Jacq.) Baker) terhadap Jumlah Folikel Ovarium Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang Diinduksi BPA
Kehadiran BPA sebagai pengganggu endokrin dalam kehidupan manusia telah memberikan dampak negatif terutama pada kondisi kesehatan. Upaya untuk menemukan bahan alami yang murah, aman dan efektif untuk mengobati penyakit akibat toksisitas BPA menjadi semakin penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui potensi pemberian ekstrak etanol daun bosibosi ( Timonius flavescens (Jacq.) Baker) terhadap jumlah folikel ovarium tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus) yang menginduksi BPA. Adapun parameter yang diamati yaitu berat badan, berat organ ovarium, rasio berat ovarium, jumlah folikel primer dan folikel sekunder. Tikus dibagian menjadi menjadi 6 kelompok (1 kelompok terdiri dari 6 ekor tikus). Kelompok I tikus hanya diberi pakan dan minum. Kelompok II, diberi 0,5 ml minyak jagung. Kelompok III, diberi BPA 50 mg/kg/hari. Kelompok IV, diberi BPA 50 mg/kg/hari+EEDB 225 mg/kg/hari. Kelompok V, diberi BPA 50 mg/kg/hari+EEDB 250 mg/kg/hari. Kelompok VI, diberi BPA 50 mg/kg/hari+EEDB 500 mg/kg/hari. Pemberian perlakuan dilakukan secara lisan selama 30 hari. Hasil analisis Uji ANOVA menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan (p < 0,05) terhadap berat badan. Pada berat organ dan rasio berat organ tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p > 0,05). Namun pemberian BPA dan esktrak etanol daun bosibosi berpengaruh signifikan (p < 0,05) terhadap jumlah folikel primer dan folikel sekunder. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etanol daun bosibosi memelihara jumlah folikel primer dan folikel sekunder pada ovarium. Kata kunci: Bisfenol A; ekstrak etanol daun bosibosi; folikel primer; folikel Sekunder
ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULER BAKTERI PENGHASIL ENZIM PROTEASE PADA IKAN BARONANG (Siganus sp.) SEBAGAI KANDIDAT ANTIKOAGULAN
Kebutuhan Enzim Protease di Indonesia saat ini sangat tinggi, khususnya di bidang industri dan Kesehatan namun Indonesia belum mampu memproduksi enzim tersebut dalam skala besar. Pemanfaatan enzim protease dalam bidang Kesehatan yaitu untuk pengobatan penyakit kardiovaskuler, pengatur kekebalan darah, tumor, radang, dan kelainan darah. Enzim protease dapat dihasilkan dari Saluran pencernaan ikan karena pada ikan terdapat organ pencernaan yang berfungsi sebagai sistem metabolisme tempat protein terhidrolisis yang mengandung banyak protease. Salah satu mikroorganisme penghasil enzim protease adalah bakteri proteolitik yang mampu mendegradasi protein. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan isolat bakteri penghasil enzim protease pada saluran pencernaan ikan Baronang yaitu pada usus dan lambung ikan Baronang. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Isolat bakteri yang diperoleh diuji tingkat patogenitas dengan media Mac Conkey (MC) dan Blood Agar Plate (BAP). Identifikasi bakteri secara molekuler dilakukan dengan sequensing menggunakan 16s rRNA. Produksi enzim protease dilakukan pada media Skim Milk Agar yang ditandai dengan pembentukan zona bening. Dari hasil penelitian ini diperoleh 5 isolat bakteri, terdapat 4 Isolat (SSI 1, SSI 2, SSI 4, dan SSI 5). Diantaranya merupakan bakteri penghasil enzim protease berdasarkan hasil 16s rRNA yaitu Pseudenterobacter timonensis, Ralstonia sp., Aeromonas salmonicida, danStenotrophomonas maltophilia. Isolat bakteri penghasil enzim protease tersebut di harapkan dapat digunakan dalam industri Kesehatan yaitu pada penggunaan bahan antikoagulan dan kelainan darah.
PENGARUH EKSTRAK BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.) TERHADAP GAMBARAN LEUKOSIT TIKUS WISTAR YANG DIINFEKSI Staphylococcus aureus
Shallot (Allium cepa L) has been used emperically to treat wounds, bloat, common cold and is known to boost immunity. Shallots have a variety of useful compounds such as flavonoids, antioxidants, quercetin, saponins and many other compounds. These compounds have been known to have antibacterials, antihistamines, and immunomodulators activities. This study aimed to examine the potential of shallot extract in wounded rats that are infected with Staphylococcus aureus.Fifteen female Wistar rat were divided into 5 treatment groups: 40% shallot extract, 80% shallot extract, 10% povidone iodine, positive control and negative control. The rats were wounded by making an incision on the back then the shallot extract was administered topically once a day for 21 days. Blood samples were taken on days 0 and 21 then the total number of leukocytes and its differentials (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils and basophils) were calculated. The data were then processed using one-way ANOVA test with 95% significance value.The result showed a significant increase (p<0,05) on the total number of leukocyte (10,37 ± 1,09 103/µl), neutrophils (4,98 ± 0,30 103/µl), lymphocytes (8,76 ± 0,04 103/µl) and monocytes (0,74 ± 0,02 103/µl) on the group treated with 40% shallot extract. While on the group treated with 80% shallot extract there was a significant increase (p<0,005) on the total number of leukocytes (10,40 ± 0,43 103/µl), lymphocytes (7,67 ± 0,19 103/µl), and monocytes (0,64 ± 0,01 103/µl). This study concluded that shallot extract is able to improve the immune system.
Trend of Feline Medical Articles in Veterinary Journals Published by Veterinary Medical Schools across Indonesia: A Systematic Review
This systematic review aims to analyse the trends in feline medical articles published in veterinary journals by veterinary schools across Indonesia. Articles related to feline medicine were collected from SINTA 2-accredited veterinary journals. Out of 943 total articles, only 38 (4.03%) focused on feline medicine, indicating its limited attention. The number of feline medicine publications grew from 10 in 2022 to 20 in 2023, before dropping to 8 in 2024. Content analysis revealed that 50% of the studies were quantitative, 15.79% qualitative, and 34.21% mixed-methods. Study designs included case reports (39.47%), cross-sectional studies (23.68%), and surveys (13.16%), with a smaller proportion conducting RCTs, cohort studies, and reviews. Descriptive analysis (63.16%) was the most common data analysis technique, followed by t-tests, Chi-Square, and ANOVA. The research covered disciplines like internal medicine (47.37%), surgery (13.16%), and dermatology (10.53%). This review highlights the underrepresentation of feline medicine research in Indonesian veterinary journals and calls for a broader focus on this area to better address the medical needs of cats.
Laporan Kasus: Diagnosis dan Terapi Abses dan Vulnus Morsum pada Kucing Babang Menggunakan Madu Murni
Seekor kucing domestik jantan berusia 1,5 tahun bernama Babang didiagnosis mengalami abses dan vulnus morsum (luka gigitan). Gejala klinis yang teramati adalah pincang, terdapat luka terbuka di area metatarsal kiri yang disertai benjolan berisi pus, dan penurunan nafsu makan. Pemeriksaan fisik dan laboratorium mengkonfirmasi adanya anemia, leukositosis, neutrofilia, dan monositosis. Luka tersebut diobati dengan aplikasi topikal madu selama dua minggu. Selama dua minggu, terjadi perbaikan signifikan pada kondisi kucing Babang, dengan ukuran luka yang berkurang, peradangan yang mereda, dan penutupan luka yang sempurna. Madu terbukti efektif dalam mendukung pembentukan jaringan granulasi dan regenerasi epitel, memberikan solusi alami dan bebas antibiotik untuk mencegah infeksi. Kasus ini menekankan potensi madu sebagai agen terapeutik dalam manajemen luka pada hewan peliharaan, khususnya dalam mengurangi bakteri dan mempercepat penyembuhan jaringan tanpa berkontribusi pada resistensi antibiotik.
Seroprevalensi Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku Melalui Deteksi Protein Antibodi Non-Struktural dengan Metode Uji Imunokromatografi Aliran Lateral Sandwich
Wabah penyakit mulut dan kuku (PMK) telah mengakibatkan kerugian ekonomi yang luar biasa di seluruh dunia termasuk di Indonesia. Beberapa provinsi di Indonesia hingga saat ini masih dianggap bebas dari Penyakit Mulut dan Kuku (PMK) termasuk Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) yang juga merupakan salah satu gudang ternak sapi. Lalu lintas keluar masuknya ternak sapi dari Provinsi NTT berpotensi menyebabkan masuknya virus PMK di Provinsi NTT terutama di Kota dan Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi seroprevalensi PMK di Kota dan Kabupaten Kupang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan pengambilan sampel darah sapi guna diambil serumnya dari berbagai Lokasi guna mendeteksi protein antibodi non-struktural virus PMK dengan metode uji imunokromatografi aliran lateral sandwich. Hasil uji apabila dari sampel serum dinyatakan positif terinfeksi virus PMK terlihat adanya dua garis merah pada penampang kit uji. Hasil pengujian yang dilakukan ditemukan 6 sampel positif adanya reaksi antibodi protein non struktural terhadap virus PMK dari 150 sampel darah sapi, dengan angka seropositif sebesar 4 %. Hasil ini menunjukkan bahwa di Kota dan Kabupaten Kupang sudah teridentifikasi adanya virus PMK pada sapi.
Diversity, Infestation Intensity, and Prevalence of Ectoparasites in Domestic Cats (Felis catus) from Cisata District, Pandeglang, Banten, Indonesia
Ectoparasites of domestic cats (Felis catus) are of both veterinary and public health concern due to their role as zoonotic agents and disease vectors. This study investigated the diversity, infestation intensity, and prevalence of ectoparasites in domestic cats from Cisata District, Pandeglang, Banten, Indonesia. A total of 824 ectoparasites were collected from 37 cats captured in three villages. Morphological identification revealed three species: Felicola subrostratus, Ctenocephalides felis, and Haemaphysalis sp. Overall infestation intensity and prevalence were categorized as moderate, except for C. felis in male cats (light infestation) and F. subrostratus in females (common prevalence). These findings emphasize the need for preventive and control measures to reduce the zoonotic risks associated with feline ectoparasites.
Gambaran Indeks Ovitrap dan Survei Iklim Mikro Pada Tiga Kelurahan di Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur
Degradasi ekosistem akan menimbulkan permasalahan serius terutama bagi kesehatan masyarakat. Salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat adalah penyakit tular vektor (vector borne disease). Demam Berdarah Dengue (DBD) adalah salah satu penyakit tular vektor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kepadatan telur nyamuk Aedes spp. di Samarinda, Kalimantan Timur, berdasarkan indeks ovitrap dan hubungannya dengan iklim mikro (suhu dan kelembapan). Survei ini mengamati 150 rumah pada tiga kelurahan di Samarinda. Setiap rumah diberikan dua ovitrap, outdoor dan indoor. Jumlah ovitrap yang diberikan sebanyak 300/minggu. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan sebanyak 8 kali dengan interval waktu survei dua minggu. Indeks ovitrap pada tiap kelurahan yaitu 31.62% di Pelita, 28.25% di Sidodadi, dan 27.8% di Sempaja Utara. Hasil indeks ovitrap termasuk tingkat 3 di tiap kelurahan. Hubungan antara iklim mikro (suhu dan kelembapan) dengan ovitrap positif berkorelasi positif di kelurahan Pelita dan Sempaja Utara (p-value < 0.05), tetapi tidak berkorelasi di kelurahan Sidodadi (p-value > 0.05).
Potensi Ekstrak Daun Sirsak (Annona muricata L. sebagai Sumber Pengobatan Skabies pada Kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktivitas ekstrak daun sirsak (Annona muricata L.) dalam pengobatan skabies pada kelinci (Oryctolagus cuniculus). Sampel luka skabies sebanyak 35 sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini. pemeriksaan mikroskopis kerokan kulit pada kelinci yang menunjukkan gejala klinis skabies untuk memastikan infestasi tungau Sarcoptes scabiei. Skabies kelinci dibagi menjadi tujuh kelompok perlakuan yang terdiri dari kelompok kontrol positif, kelompok kontrol negatif, kemudian kelompok yang mendapat ekstrak daun sirsak konsentrasi 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, dan 50%, perlakuan diberikan setiap hari selama tujuh hari. Pengamatan dan parameter keberhasilan penyembuhan skabies berdasarkan parameter perubahan klinis kulit yang terdiri dari pertumbuhan rambut, keropeng, penebalan dan kerutan kulit. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah ekstrak daun sirsak memiliki efek penyembuhan pada penyakit skabies Kelinci ( Oryctolagus cuniculus).
Health Examination of Cats in the Surrounding Area of Field Research Center Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta
Health disorders in companion animals are commonly encountered and may result from bacterial, viral, or fungal infections, as well as parasitic infestations. Cats ( Felis catus ) are among the domestic animals most closely associated with humans. This study aimed to evaluate the health status and identify diseases in cats inhabiting the area surrounding the Field Research Center (FRC), Yogyakarta. A total of 27 cats from the FRC area were included in this study. Fecal samples, ear swabs, skin scrapings, and blood samples were collected for laboratory examination. Fecal samples were analyzed using the native method to detect gastrointestinal parasites, ear swabs were examined for the presence of ear mites, skin scrapings were used to identify ectoparasites, and blood samples were analyzed using a hematology analyzer. Based on physical and laboratory examinations, cats in the FRC area were affected by parasitic infestations (scabies, ear mites, and pediculosis) and bacterial infections (rhinitis, conjunctivitis, enteritis, and otitis). Routine health examinations are essential for disease prevention and the improvement of animal welfare.
PROFIL DARAH DAN GAMBARAN MAKROSKOPIS KESEMBUHAN LUKA TIKUS WISTAR (Rattus norvegicus) INFEKSI Staphylococcus aureus YANG DIBERI EKSTRAK BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa L.)
Wound is one of the most common cases happened frequently. Infected wound by pathogenic microorganism could inhibit wound healing process. The microorganism that often infect the wound is Staphylococcus aureus. Shallot had believed as one of traditional medicine that believes as an alternative therapy for wound healing. This study aimed to determine the blood profile and macroscopic images of wound healing in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) infected by Staphylococcus aureus and given shallot extract (Allium cepa L.). This study used 12 rats, aged about 2 months and weighed 180-250 gram is divided into 4 groups, each group consist of 3 rats. Rats were injured by incision wound at 1 cm length and ± 2 mm depth, then infected by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. Group I and II were droped of shallot extract 40% and 80%, while Group III was droped by povidon iodine 10%, and Group IV was given nothing (control group) until the wound healed. Research observation was did at day-0, 7, 14, and 21. The length of wound was measured in centimeter evere week and blood sampling were done at day-0 and day-21. The observational data of wound length were analysis using Friedman, Wilcoxon, dan Mann-Whitney. The result of research showed the wound length average on day-7 in Group I: 0,733 cm; Group II: 0,433 cm; Group III: 0,567 cm; and Group IV: 0,767 cm (p<0,05). The wound length average on day-14 in Group I: 0,433 cm and Group IV: 0,333 cm (p>0,05), Group II and III were healed (p>0,05). In day-21 all wound were completely healed. The rats blood profile on day-0 and day-21 showed that erythrocytes total count, hemoglobin (Hb), and packed cell volume (PCV) were in normal range. Rats were in health condition. Thus it could be concluded that the time need for the wounds to heal in rats that were treated with shallot extract 80% is equal to rats were treated with povidon iodine 10% on the 14th day of the study while rats that were treated with shallot extract 40% is equal to rats was given nothing on the 21st day of the study. Shallot extract 80% can treat wound that infected by Staphylococcus aureus is equal to povidon iodine 10% treatment.
Investigasi Kasus dan Identifikasi Faktor Risiko Kematian Babi di Kabupaten Manokwari
This study aims to determine the chronology of death, the spread of the disease, the causes of the disease and the risk factors that affect the disease that caused the death of hundreds of pigs in three districts in Manowari Regency, West Papua Province. The research was conducted in West Manokwari District, Prafi District and Tanah Rubuh District. The research was conducted using a survey method with interview techniques and field observations. The number of correspondents is 117 breeders. The data obtained were analyzed descriptively using a case study technique based on the results of investigations and laboratory tests. The average age of breeders are 34.27-42.9 years with farming experience of 2.67-11.47 years. Number of swines are 77-128 tails. The maintenance system is extensive except in the West Manokwari District, which is intensive. The main feed sources are household/food stall waste and garden produce. Almost all farmers do not understand about disease control. The death of pigs in the study area generally occurred suddenly without showing any clinical symptoms, starting with the animals looking weak, having convulsions, experiencing respiratory problems and then dying. The disease has spread in all pens or herds of pigs in the study area. Based on the results of the RT-PCR test, the dead pigs were diagnosed as infected with ASFV, except for Tanah Rubuh District. The risk factors for this outbreak are the pig management system, biosecurity, anthropogenic (human factors), animal and fomite.
Prevalence of Obesity and Health Overview of Pet Cats in RW. 13 Panyileukan, Bandung City
Overweight and obesity are conditions that can occur not only in humans, but also in animals. Obesity in pet cats is the second highest health problem after oral disease in the United States and is said to be associated with a variety of metabolic or other disorders that can lead to a reduced quality of life. The prevalence of obesity varies from 6.7-42% in various countries. This study was conducted to determine the overview of pet cats’ health and the prevalence of obesity in pet cats in RW.13 Panyileukan, Bandung City. This descriptive study was conducted with a physical examination method approach with the use of 5-point BCS and observational using a questionnaire instrument. The results showed that there was one cat diagnosed as sick with flu-like symptoms such as fever, weak with liquid feces and the other sixteen cats were healthy and did not show any sickness. In addition, of the pet cats that had been examined there were two that indicated overweight, a cat was categorized as underweight while the remaining forteen cats were categorized as ideal body weight showing no indication of obesity overweight.the health overview of pet cats in RW.13 Panyileukan, Bandung City shows that 94% of cats are healthy and 6% of cats are sick, 82% of pets cats are categorized as healthy with ideal weight at BCS 3, 6% of cats are underweight in the category with BCS 2 and 12% of cats are categorized as overweight with BCS 4.
Potensi Hepatoprotektif Kombinasi Ekstrak Sambiloto (Andrographis paniculata) dan Akar Manis (Glycyrrhiza glabra) Pada Model Mencit Feline Infectios Peritonitis (FIP) Efusif
Penyakit Feline Infectious Peritonitis (FIP) merupakan penyakit pada kucing yang disebabkan oleh mutasi FCoV (feline corona virus). FIP tipe efusif ditandai dengan asites yang disebabkan oleh hipoalbumin akibat adanya kerusakan pada hepar. Pengobatan FIP saat ini berupa antivirus, tetapi harus diimpor dan mahal. Untuk itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji aktivitas hepatoprotektif senyawa aktif kombinasi andrographolide dari sambiloto dan glisirizin dari akar manis terhadap histopatologi hepar model mencit FIP. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara ekperimental laboratorium. Mencit diberikan 7 perlakuan, yaitu kelompok kontrol tanpa perlakuan (K1); kelompok induksi parasetamol dengan aquades dosis 0,2 ml/20gBB dan parasetamol dosis 0,052g (K2); kelompok induksi parasetamol dosis 0,052g dengan catbumin dosis 0,2 ml/20gBB (K3); kelompok induksi parasetamol dosis 0,052g dengan ekstrak sambiloto 100mg/KgBB (P1); kelompok induksi parasetamol dosis 0,052g dengan ekstrak sambiloto 150mg/kgBB (P2); kelompok induksi parasetamol dosis 0,052g dengan ekstrak sambiloto 200mg/kgBB (P3); kelompok induksi parasetamol dosis 0,052g dengan ekstrak sambiloto 200 mg/KgBB dan ekstrak akar manis 200 mg/KgBB (P4). Perlakuan diberikan selama 8 hari berturut-turut. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa perlakuan dengan pemberian ekstrak sambiloto dan akar manis dosis 200 mg/KgBB dapat memberikan efek hepatoprotektif berupa pelebaran hepatosit yang lebih sedikit, sitoplasma yang merata, dan distribusi ukuran sel hepatosit yang seragam terhadap gambaran hipatologi hepar. Keywords : Andrographolide; FIP; Glisirizin; Histopatologi; Liver