The Comparisons of Phenotypic and Genotypic Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Against β-lactam and Tetracycline Antibiotics
Fatkhanuddin Aziz(1*), Fauziah Fitriana(2), Dian Ritma Setyorini(3), Shafira Amalia Putri(4), Tifa Restyka Maulina(5), Vira Kartika Dewi(6), Nur Ika Prihanani(7), Morsid Andityas(8)
(1) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(5) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(6) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(7) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(8) Program Studi Sarjana Terapan Teknologi Veteriner Departemen Teknologi Hayati dan Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive bacteria that causes various diseases in humans and animals. Treatment of S. aureus infection generally uses antibiotics, but what happens is, S. aureus resistance to antimicrobial agents is an increasing global problem. This study aims to compare the phenotypic and genotypic characters of S. aureus from animals isolates against β-lactam and tetracycline antibiotics class. Determination of resistance characteristics of 8 S. aureus isolates was carried out phenotypically by Kirby Bauer and Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) methods, while genotypically by detecting the blaZ and tet genes. The results of the study showed a relationship between resistance genes and phenotypic test results using the Kirby Bauer and MIC methods. Isolates C, D, F, and TLK with resistance gene characters blaZ-, tetK-, and tetM- showed a sensitive interpretation of the results of the Kirby Bauer and MIC tests. On the other hand, DMG, J, PGT, and KRG isolates were resistant to one or two antibiotics tested, both phenotypic and genotypic (blaZ+, tetK+/tetM+). It found that the MIC levels of some respective isolates were relatively high, isolates J and KRG had an ampicillin MIC level of 32 μg/ml, while isolates J and PGT had 256 μg/ml for oxytetracycline. Although the identification of resistance genes and Kirby Bauer can determine the character of bacterial resistance, MIC determination is necessary to provide qualitative and quantitative information for the benefit of making therapeutic decisions and infection control strategies.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Algammal, A.M., Enany, M.E., El-Tarabili, R.M., Ghobashy, M.O.I. and Helmy, Y.A. (2020). Prevalence, Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles, Virulence and Enterotoxins-Determinant Genes of MRSA Isolated from Subclinical Bovine Mastitis in Egypt. Pathogens. 9 (5): 362. Aziz, F., Hisatsune, J., Yu, L., Kajimura, J., Sato’o, Y., Ono, H.K., Masuda, K., Yamaoka, M., Salasia, S.I.O., Nakane, A., Ohge, H., Kusunoki, Y. and Sugai, M. (2020). Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Skin from Atopic-Dermatitis Patients Produces Staphylococcal Enterotoxin Y, Which Predominantly Induces T-Cell Receptor Vα-Specific Expansion of T Cells. Infection and Immunity. 88 (2): e00360-19. Aziz, F., Lestari, F.B., Indarjulianto, S. and Fitriana, F. (2022). Identifikasi dan Karakterisasi Resistensi Antibiotik Terduga Staphylococcus aureus pada Susu Mastitis Subklinis asal Sapi Perah di Kelompok Ternak Sedyo Mulyo, Pakem, Sleman Yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan Dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science). 12 (1): 66–74. Aziz, F., Lestari, F.B., Nuraidah, S., Purwati, E. and Salasia, S.I.O. (2016). Deteksi Gen Penyandi Sifat Resistensi Metisilin, Penisilin dan Tetrasiklin pada Isolat Staphylococcus aureus Asal Susu Mastitis Subklinis Sapi Perah. Jurnal Sain Veteriner. 34(1): 60–69. Aziz, F., Lestari, F.B., Nuraida. S., Purwati, E. and Salasia, S.I.O. (2020). Deteksi Staphylococcus aureus dan Staphylococcus sp. Secara Langsung Dari Susu Segar Kambing Peranakan Etawa dengan Teknik PCR. Jurnal Sain Veteriner. 38 (2): 168–174. Bari, M.S., Rahman, Md.M., Persson, Y., Derks, M., Sayeed, Md.A., Hossain, D., Singha, S., Hoque, Md.A., Sivaraman, S., Fernando, P., Ahmad, I., Samad, A. and Koop, G. (2022). Subclinical mastitis in dairy cows in south-Asian countries: a review of risk factors and etiology to prioritize control measures. Veterinary Research Communications. 46 (3): 621–640. Bruce, S.A., Smith, J.T., Mydosh, J.L., Ball, J., Needle, D.B., Gibson, R. and Andam, C.P. (2022). Shared antibiotic resistance and virulence genes in Staphylococcus aureus from diverse animal hosts. Scientific Reports. 12(1): 4413. BSAC methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing, version 11.1 (2012). British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Birmingham, United Kingdom. Chen, Q. and Xie, S. (2019). Genotypes, Enterotoxin Gene Profiles, and Antimicrobial Resistance of Staphylococcus aureus Associated with Foodborne Outbreaks in Hangzhou, China. Toxins. 11 (6): 307. Emaneini, M., Bigverdi, R., Kalantar, D., Soroush, S., Jabalameli, F., Noorazar Khoshgnab, B., Asadollahi, P. and Taherikalani, M. (2013). Distribution of genes encoding tetracycline resistance and aminoglycoside modifying enzymes in Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from a burn center. Annals of Burns and Fire Disasters. 26 (2): 76–80. EUCAST. 2023. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) version 13.0. Clinical breakpoints. https://www.eucast.org/clinical_breakpoints. Ferreira, A.M., Martins, K.B., Silva, V.R.da, Mondelli, A.L. and Cunha, M.de L.R.de S.da. (2017). Correlation of phenotypic tests with the presence of the blaZ gene for detection of beta-lactamase. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 48 (1): 159–166. Feyissa, N., Alemu, T., Jirata Birri, D., Desalegn, A., Sombo, M. and Abera, S. (2023). Isolation and Determination of Antibacterial Sensitivity Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus from Lactating Cows in West Shewa Zone, Ethiopia. Veterinary Medicine International. 2023:1–12. Gonçalves, J.L., Lee, S.H.I., Camargo, C.H., Zanella, R.C., Silva, N.C.C., Rall, V.L.M., Cue,R.I. and dos Santos, M.V. (2023). Molecular characterization of persistent subclinical mastitis-causing Staphylococcus aureus from dairy farms. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 1-9. Ivanovic, I., Boss, R., Romanò, A., Guédon, E., Le-Loir, Y., Luini, M. and Graber, H.U. (2023). Penicillin resistance in bovine Staphylococcus aureus: Genomic evaluation of the discrepancy between phenotypic and molecular test methods. Journal of Dairy Science. 106 (1): 462–475. Kahlmeter, G., Brown, D.F.J., Goldstein, F.W., MacGowan, A.P., Mouton, J.W., Odenholt, I., Rodloff, A., Soussy, C.J., Steinbakk, M., Soriano, F. and Stetsiouk, O. (2006). European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) Technical Notes on antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 12 (6): 501–503. Karimi, S. and Momtaz, H. (2022). Molecular Typing, Phenotypic and Genotypic Assessment of Antibiotic Resistance and Virulence Factors amongst the Staphylococcus aureus Bacteria Isolated from Raw Chicken Meat. Molecular Genetics, Microbiology and Virology. 37 (4): 226–241. Kitagawa, H., Ohge, H., Hisatsune, J., Kajihara, T., Katayama, K., Takahashi, S., Sueda, T. and Sugai, M. (2019). Prosthetic valve endocarditis caused by ST8 SCCmecIVl type community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Internal Medicine. 58 (5): 743–747. Lazou, T. P. and Chaintoutis, S. C. (2023). Comparison of disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Campylobacter isolates of meat origin. Journal of Microbiological Methods. 204: 106649. Lee, G.Y., Lee, S.I., Kim, S.D, Park, J.H., Kim, G.B. and Yang, S.J. (2022). Clonal distribution and antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-susceptible and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from broiler farms, slaughterhouses, and retail chicken meat. Poultry Science. 101 (10): 102070. Lubna., Hussain, T., Shami, A., Rafiq, N., Khan, S., Kabir, M., Khan, N.U., Khattak, I., Kamal, M. and Usman, T. (2023). Antimicrobial Usage and Detection of Multidrug-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus: Methicillin- and Tetracycline-Resistant Strains in Raw Milk of Lactating Dairy Cattle. Antibiotics. 12 (4): 673. Martineau, F., Picard, F.J., Lansac, N., Ménard, C., Roy, P. H., Ouellette, M. and Bergeron, M.G. (2000). Correlation between the Resistance Genotype Determined by Multiplex PCR Assays and the Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy. 44(2): 231–238. Martini, C.L., Lange, C.C., Brito, M.A., Ribeiro, J.B., Mendonça, L.C. and Vaz, E.K. (2017). Characterisation of penicillin and tetracycline resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine milk samples in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Journal of Dairy Research. 84(2): 202–205. Maulina, T. R. (2022). Metode Identifikasi Staphylococcus aureus pada Susu Kambing Mastitis di Kecamatan Samigaluh, Kulonprogo. Proyek Akhir. Program Studi Teknologi Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta. McDougall, S., Hussein, H. and Petrovski, K. (2014). Antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus uberis, and Streptococcus dysgalactiae from dairy cows with mastitis. New Zealand Veterinary Journal. 62 (2): 68–76. Miyake, R., Iwamoto, K., Sakai, N., Matsunae, K., Aziz, F., Sugai, M., Takahagi, S., Tanaka, A. and Hide, M. (2022). Uptake of Staphylococcus aureus by keratinocytes is reduced by interferon–fibronectin pathway and filaggrin expression. The Journal of Dermatology. 49 (11): 1148–1157. Neelam, Jain, V.K., Singh, M., Joshi, V.G., Chhabra, R., Singh, K. and Rana, Y.S. (2022). Virulence and antimicrobial resistance gene profiles of Staphylococcus aureus associated with clinical mastitis in cattle. PLOS ONE. 17 (5): e0264762. Nuñez, K.V.M., da Silva Abreu, A.C., Gonçalves, J.L., dos Santos, M.V., de Oliveira Rocha, L. and Cirone Silva, N.C. (2023). Virulence and antimicrobial resistance genes profiles of spa type t605 methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus isolated from subclinical bovine mastitis. Journal of Applied Microbiology. 134 (4). Oliveira, L., Langoni, H., Hulland, C. and Ruegg, P.L. (2012). Minimum inhibitory concentrations of Staphylococcus aureus recovered from clinical and subclinical cases of bovine mastitis. Journal of Dairy Science. 95 (4): 1913–192. Ono, H.K., Hirose, S., Narita, K., Sugiyama, M., Asano, K., Hu, D.L. and Nakane, A. (2019). Histamine release from intestinal mast cells induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin A (SEA) evokes vomiting reflex in common marmoset. PLOS Pathogens. 15 (5): e1007803. Pérez, V.K.C., Custódio, D.A.C., Silva, E.M.M., de Oliveira, J., Guimarães, A.S., Brito, M.A.V.P., Souza-Filho, A.F., Heinemann, M.B., Lage, A.P. and Dorneles, E.M.S. (2020). Virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Brazil. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology. 51 (4): 2111–2122. Putri, S. A. (2023). Isolasi dan Identifikasi Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus dari Sampel Daging Ayam yang Dijual di Sepuluh Pasar Wilayah Kota Yogyakarta. Proyek Akhir. Program Studi Teknologi Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta. Qamar, M.U., Aatika, Chughtai, M.I., Ejaz, H., Mazhari, B.BZ., Maqbool, U., Alanazi, A., Alruwaili, Y. and Junaid, K. (2023). Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria, Antimicrobial Resistance Genes, and Antibiotic Residue in Food from Animal Sources: One Health Food Safety Concern. Microorganisms. 11 (1): 161. Rusenova, N., Vasilev, N., Rusenov, A., Milanova, A. and Sirakov, I. (2022). Comparison between Some Phenotypic and Genotypic Methods for Assessment of Antimicrobial Resistance Trend of Bovine Mastitis Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bulgaria. Veterinary Sciences. 9 (8): 401. Setyorini, D. R. (2023). Studi Pendahuluan Deteksi Staphylococcus sp. dan Staphylococcus aureus pada Daging Ayam Segar dari Pasar Tradisional. Proyek Akhir. Program Studi Teknologi Veteriner Sekolah Vokasi Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta. Silva, V., Araújo, S., Monteiro, A., Eira, J., Pereira, J. E., Maltez, L., Igrejas, G., Lemsaddek, T. S. and Poeta, P. (2023). Staphylococcus aureus and MRSA in Livestock: Antimicrobial Resistance and Genetic Lineages. Microorganisms. 11 (1): 124. Sipahi, N., Kaya, E., Çelik, C. and Pınar, O. (2023). The Characterization and Beta-Lactam Resistance of Staphylococcal Community Recovered from Raw Bovine Milk. Antibiotics. 12 (3). 556. Straub, J. A., Hertel, C. and Hammes, W.P. (1999). A 23S rDNA-Targeted Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based System for Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Meat Starter Cultures and Dairy Products. Journal of Food Protection. 62 (10): 1150–1156. Strommenger, B., Kettlitz, C., Werner, G. and Witte, W. (2003). Multiplex PCR Assay for Simultaneous Detection of Nine Clinically Relevant Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Clinical Microbiology. 41 (9): 4089–4094. Suwito, W., Nugroho, W.S., Adji, R. S., Andriani, A., Kusumaningtyas, E. and Martini, T. (2022). Phenotypic characteristic of Staphylococcus aureus from subclinical mastitis in Etawah-crossbreed goats in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Veterinary World. 15 (11): 2587–2592. Thomas, S., Liu, W., Arora, S., Ganesh, V., Ko, Y.P. and Höök, M. (2019). The Complex Fibrinogen Interactions of the Staphylococcus aureus Coagulases. Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology. 9: 106. Zhang, J., Wang, J., Jin, J., Li, X., Zhang, H., Shi, X. and Zhao, C. (2022)a. Prevalence, antibiotic resistance, and enterotoxin genes of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk and dairy products worldwide: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Food Research International. 162: 111969. Zhang, Z., Chen, Y., Li, X., Wang, X. and Li, H. (2022)b. Detection of Antibiotic Resistance, Virulence Gene, and Drug Resistance Gene of Staphylococcus aureus Isolates from Bovine Mastitis. Microbiology Spectrum. 10 (4).
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.84806
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 702 | views : 560Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2023 Jurnal Sain Veteriner
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Sain Veteriner Indexed by
Copyright of JSV (Jurnal Sain Veteriner) ISSN 0126-0421 (print), ISSN 2407-3733 (online).
Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan, Universitas Gadjah Mada
Jl. Fauna No.2, Karangmalang, Yogyakarta
Phone: 0274-560862
Fax: 0274-560861
Email: jsv_fkh@ugm.ac.id
HP. 0895363078367
Jurnal Sain Veteriner is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats