Purifikasi dan Karakterisasi Imunoglobulin Yolk (IgY) terhadap Jembrana dari Telur Ayam sebagai Dasar Pengembangan Imunisasi Pasif
Firdaus Lingga Kusuma(1), Michael Hariyadi Wibowo(2), AETH Wahyuni(3*)
(1) PUSVETMA SURABAYA
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Professor of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Microbiology
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstrak
Penyakit Jembrana adalah penyakit yang menyerang Sapi Bali (Bos javanicus) dengan penularan dan kematian yang tinggi. Penyakit ini disebabkan oleh Jembrana Disease Virus (JDV) dari famili retroviridae. Pengendalian penyakit Jembrana di Indonesia menggunakan vaksin inaktif yang dibuat dari jaringan limfa sapi terinfeksi JDV sehingga produksinya sangat terbatas. Immunisasi pasif menggunakan antibodi terbukti mampu memberikan perlindungan terhadap berbagai infeksi. Ayam merupakan penghasil antibodi immunoglobulin yolk yang sangat baik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah melakukan purifikasi dan karakterisasi IgY terhadap Jembrana untuk pengembangan imunisasi pasif. Sebanyak 15 ekor ayam white leghorn umur 24 minggu dibagi menjadi 3 kelompok. Kelompok 1 disuntik dengan 1ml vaksin Jembrana, kelompok 2 disuntik dengan seed virus Jembrana, dan kelompok ke 3 adalah kontrol. Penyuntikan antigen Jembrana dilakukan dua kali dengan interval dua minggu. Telur mulai dikoleksi setelah satu minggu penyuntikan antigen pertama sampai minggu ke lima. Uji antibodi Jembrana dilakukan dengan metode Agarose Gel Precipitaion Test (AGPT). Purifikasi IgY dilakukan dengan pengendapan NaCl, sedangkan untuk melihat karakter IgY Jembrana menggunakan SDS PAGE. Pengendapan NaCl mampu menghasilkan IgY dengan mudah dan biaya yang murah. Pengujian AGPT menunjukkan bahwa IgY muncul pada kelompok ayam yang disuntik dengan vaksin Jembrana, dan tidak muncul pada kelompok yang disuntik dengan seed Jembrana. Pengujian SDS PAGE menunjukkan adanya pita protein dengan berat molekul 67 kDa yang merupakan rantai berat, 46 kDa yang merupakan fragmen Fab, dan 24 kDa yang merupakan rantai ringan.
Keywords
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jsv.66613
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