ASEAN Countries Strategies in Developing Tourism Post Covid-19 Vaccination

https://doi.org/10.22146/jpt.89786

Usmar Salam(1*)

(1) Departemen Hubungan Internasional Fisipol UGM
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This research aims to implement vaccination in order to encourage tourism growth in ASEAN. The relationship between vaccination and tourism growth, especially in ASEAN countries, is very important. This research focuses on Indonesia, Singapore, Malayasia and Vietnam which have reopened their borders to stimulate the tourism sector. This research uses qualitative research methods to look specifically at each country's policies regarding vaccination. The result of this research is that ASEAN governments are slowly easing it to save their tourism industry. At the regional level, the ASEAN Tourism Ministers' Meeting resulted in cooperation in operating the ASEAN Tourism Crisis Communication Team (ATCCT). From this meeting, it is hoped that in the future ASEAN countries will collaborate and have an integrated policy in the tourism sector, especially after the pandemic, considering that ASEAN is very dependent on tourism as one of the main sources of income.

Keywords


ASEAN countries; tourism; postcovid; vaccination

Full Text:

PDF


References

AFP. (2021, July 13). Thailand defends Covid vaccine “mix-and-match” after WHO warning. The Jakarta Post. https://www.thejakartapost.com/seasia/2021/07/13/thailand-defends-covid-vaccine-mix-and-match-after-who-warning-.html

Akhlas, A. W. (2020). Pandemic erases $5.9b of Indonesia’s tourism revenue as businesses seek help. The Jakarta Post. https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2020/07/14/pandemic-erases-5-9b-of-indonesias-tourism-revenue-as-businesses-seek-help.html

ASEAN. (2021, May 25). ASEAN, EU experts hold second dialogue on COVID-19 vaccines. https://asean.org/asean-eu-experts-hold-second-dialogue-covid-19-vaccines/
ASEAN Secretariat. (2020). ASEAN Comprehensive Recovery Framework.

Bethke, L. (2020). The coronavirus crisis has hit tourism in Malaysia hard | DW | 11.05.2020. DW.COM. https://www.dw.com/en/the-coronavirus-crisis-has-hit-tourism-in-malaysia-hard/a-53392776

Brunnstroma, D. (2021, July 3). One million U.S. vaccine doses due in Malaysia on Monday. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/one-million-us-vaccine-doses-due-malaysia-monday-2021-07-03/

Cameron, S. (2021, August 6). COVID-19 and Vaccine Diplomacy in the Land of Smiles.
Australian Institute of International Affairs. https://www.internationalaffairs.org.au/australianoutlook/covid-19-in-the-land-of-smiles/

Chan, D. (2021, April 5). Malaysia and Brunei discuss vaccine diplomacy. https://www.nst.com.my/news/nation/2021/04/679779/malaysia-and-brunei-discuss-vaccine-diplomacy

Chongkittavorn, K. (2021, July 8). Thailand: A Battleground for Vaccine Diplomacy. Points of View.

CSIS. (2021, July 31). Southeast Asia Covid-19 Tracker. https://www.csis.org/programs/southeast-asia-program/projects/southeast-asia-covid-19-tracker

Detik Health. (2021, October 10). Nikkei: Indeks Pemulihan COVID-19 RI Tertinggi di ASEAN, Filipina Terendah. https://health.detik.com/berita-detikhealth/d-5760396/nikkei-indeks-pemulihan-covid-19-ri-tertinggi-di-asean-filipina-terendah

Ekvittayavechnukul, C. (2021, July 14). Thailand preparing to limit exports of its COVID-19 vaccine. AP News. https://apnews.com/article/business-health-coronavirus-pandemic-global-trade-coronavirus-vaccine-9a69556f4ec2d410beb3de1634b0a341

EMEx. (2020). Southeast Asia’s Tourism and Travel Sector After COVID-19. https://www.emergingmarketexperts.nl/blog-media/analyses/36-restoring-southeast-asia-s-tourism-and-travel-sector-after-covid-19

Iwamoto, K. (2021, March 3). ASEAN eyes digital vaccine certificate for post-COVID travel. Nikkei Asia. https://asia.nikkei.com/Economy/ASEAN-eyes-digital-vaccine-certificate-for-post-COVID-travel
Latiff, R. (2021, July 16). Malaysia to allow commercial sale of COVID-19 vaccines. Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/malaysia-approves-chinas-sinopharm-vaccine-emergency-use-2021-07-16/

Manila Times. (2020). ASEAN Tourism Ministers Hold Special Virtual Meeting. https://www.manilatimes.net/2020/05/11/weekly/expat-diplomats/asean-tourism-ministers-hold-special-virtual-meeting/723917/

Ministry of Foreign Affairs. (2021, January 13). Indonesia Launches First COVID-19 Vaccination Program. https://kemlu.go.id/madrid/en/news/10666/indonesia-launches-first-covid-19-vaccination-program

Nguyen, S. (2021, March 7). Vietnam begin Covid-19 vaccination drive without China-made shots. South China Morning Post. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/vietnam-accelerates-vaccinations-covid-19-epicentre-2021-07-29

Our World in Data. (2021). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccinations - Statistics and Research. Our World in Data. https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations

Pazos, R. (2021, June 26). Singapore aims to vaccinate 2 in 3 residents against Covid-19 by National Day: Are we on track? Straits Time. https://www.straitstimes.com/multimedia/graphics/2021/06/singapore-covid-vaccination-tracker/index.html?shell

Peter, Z. (2020, December 18). Thai Firm Joins with AstraZeneca to Make COVID-19 Vaccine for Southeast Asia. VOA. https://www.voanews.com/covid-19-pandemic/thai-firm-joins-astrazeneca-make-covid-19-vaccine-southeast-asia

Polyzos, S., Fotiadis, A., & Samitas, A. (2021). COVID-19 Tourism Recovery in the ASEAN and East Asia Region: Asymmetric Patterns and Implications. ERIA Discussion Paper Series, 379, 15–16.

Prakoso, A., Azizah, I., & Hertanti, R. (2020, December 22). Indonesia’s COVID-19 Vaccine Diplomacy: The Challenge of Public Access to Equitable Vaccines and Healthcare Services. Indonesia for Global Justice. https://igj.or.id/indonesias-covid-19-vaccine-diplomacy-the-challenge-of-public-access-to-equitable-vaccines-and-healthcare-services/?lang=en

Reuters. (2021, July 29). Vietnam accelerates vaccinations in COVID-19 epicentre. https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/vietnam-accelerates-vaccinations-covid-19-epicentre-2021-07-29

Shira, D. (2021, July 31). COVID-19 Vaccine Roll Outs in ASEAN & Asia – Live Updates by Country. ASEAN Business News. https://www.aseanbriefing.com/news/covid-19-vaccine-roll-outs-in-asean-asia-live-updates-by-country/

Teoh S. (2021, May 21). Asean leaders make a plea for fairer distribution of vaccines. The Straits Times. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/asean-leaders-make-a-plea-for-fairer-distribution-of-vaccines

The Jakarta Post. (2020). Thailand confirms first human-to-human coronavirus transmission.
The Jakarta Post. https://www.thejakartapost.com/seasia/2020/01/31/thailand-confirms-first-human-to-human-coronavirus-transmission.html

The Jakarta Post. (2021a, June 21). China vaccine doses to ASEAN top 120 million, 4.8 times UN program. The Jakarta Post. https://www.thejakartapost.com/seasia/2021/06/21/china-vaccine-doses-to-asean-top-120-million-48-times-un-program.html

The Jakarta Post. (2021b, July 14). Retno’s vaccine diplomacy. The Jakarta Post. https://www.thejakartapost.com/academia/2021/07/13/retnos-vaccine-diplomacy.html

The Jakarta Post. (2021c, July 26). Indonesia to receive 45 million doses of COVID-19 vaccine in August. The Jakarta Post. https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2021/07/26/indonesia-to-receive-45-million-doses-of-covid-19-vaccine-in-august.html

The World Bank. (2019). Current Health Expenditure (% of GDP). Worldbank.org. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS

Vietnam News. (2021, July 9). Vaccine diplomacy to play pivotal role in Viet Nam’s search for vaccines. https://vietnamnews.vn/politics-laws/988681/vaccine-diplomacy-to-play-pivotal-role-in-viet-nams-search-for-vaccines.html



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jpt.89786

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 818 | views : 469

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2024 Usmar Salam

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Pariwisata Terapan is published by Sekolah Vokasi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia with registered number ISSN 2580-1031 (Print) and ISSN 2580-104x (Online). This website is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribute-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. Built on the Public Knowledge Project's OJS 2.4.8.1.


free
hit counter View My Stats =======