KINERJA PENERAPAN SISTEM MANAJEMEN KESELAMATAN DAN KESEHATAN KERJA, HUBUNGANNYA DENGAN ANGKA KEKERAPAN KECELAKAAN KERJA DAN JAMINAN KECELAKAAN KERJA

Abstract

Background: The number of occupational accidents and
occupational accident benefits at enterprises classified into
business group III were the highest compared to four other
business groups, which were the members of Occupational
Accident Benefits Program of PT Jamsostek Medan Branch
Off ice in 2005. This condition is inseparable f rom the
implementation problems of Occupational Health and Safety
Management System (OHSMS). The objectives of the research
are to figure out the OHSMS implementation performance and
to study its relationship with the occupational accident
frequency rate and occupational accident benef its at
enterprises classified into business group III, which were the
members of Occupational Accident Benefits Program of PT
Jamsostek Branch Office of Medan.
Method: This is a survey research with cross-sectional
design. Samples of the study were fifty-five enterprises
classified into business group III, which were the members of
Occupational Accident Benefits Program of PT Jamsostek
Medan Branch Office in 2005, whose employees experienced
occupational accidents during one year (January 1st until
December 31st, 2005). Data on occupational accidents and
occupational accident benefits were collected from Jamsostek
Form 3 Type K.K.3 and from Jamsostek Form 3a Type K.K.3,
meanwhile the accident frequency rate was calculated based
on the data on the number of occupational accidents and
working hours. The OHSMS implementation performance was
measured through OHSMS audit using audit checklists that
consisted of 12 elements with 166 OHSMS audit criteria.
Analysis of variance (repeated measure) followed by multiple
comparison was used to test the performance differences
among 12 OHSMS audit elements and 5 OHSMS implementation
principles related to the accident frequency rate and
occupational accident benefits.
Result: The research f indings show that the OHSMS
implementation performance is strongly low based on the
achievement level of OHSMS audit criteria. Two (3.64%)
enterprises met 60% - 84% of 166 OHSMS audit criteria and
fifty-three (96.36%) enterprises met 0% - 60% of 166 OHSMS
audit criteria. There is a difference in performance of 12 OHSMS
audit criteria; in which performance of element 5 (purchasing)
is significantly the highest of all (p < 0.01). There is a significant
difference (p < 0.01) in the performance of 5 OHSMS
implementation principles, in which the performance of principle
3 (implementing occupational health and safety policy) is
significantly the highest (p < 0.01). There is a significant
relationship (p < 0.05) between 12 OHSMS audit elements and
the accident frequency rate. There is a significant relationship
(p < 0.05) between 5 OHSMS implementation principles and
the accident frequency rate. There is no significant relationship
(p > 0.05) between the performance of 12 OHSMS audit
elements and 5 OHSMS implementation principles with the
occupational accident benefits.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that the OHSMS
implementation had not been comprehensive, consistent, and
sustainable. Therefore, it is a must for the management to
review the implementation of OHSMS as an effort of realizing
zero accident which in turn reduces the accident frequency
rate and occupational accident benefits. In addition, intensive
development and monitoring of OHSMS implementation by
occupational health and safety inspectors and participation of
the related and competent parties in helping implementing
OHSMS are required.
Keywords: performance of occupational health and
management system, accident frequency rate, occupational
accident benefit