Pengaruh Penggunaan Bahan Proteksi Ultraviolet Absorber, Tabir Surya dan Kombinasinya Terhadap Perubahan Warna Silikon Rtv Sebagai Bahan Protesa Maksilofasial Ekstraoral

Abstract

Silikon RTV merupakan bahan yang umum digunakan dalam pembuatan protesa maksilofasial ekstraoral. Silikon RTV dapat berubah warna karena radiasi sinar ultraviolet. Ultraviolet absorber dan tabir surya sering digunakan sebagai bahan proteksi radiasi sinar ultraviolet dalam dunia medis. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemakaian tabir surya jenis fisik-kimiawi dan ultraviolet absorber golongan benzotriazole terhadap perubahan warna silikon RTV.
Penelitian menggunakan 40 sampel Silikon RTV dibagi dalam 4 kelompok: 1) kelompok tanpa proteksi 2) kelompok proteksi tabir surya 3) kelompok proteksi ultraviolet absorber 4) kelompok proteksi kombinasi tabir surya dan ultraviolet absorber. Penilaian perubahan warna silikon RTV dilakukan menggunakan chromameter sebelum dan sesudah penyinaran sinar ultraviolet buatan selama 72 jam pada tiap kelompok. Perubahan warna dihitung menggunakan metode CIELAB. Data penghitungan perubahan warna dianalisis dengan metode ANAVA satu jalur diikuti dengan uji post hoc HSD.
 Hasil analisis statistik ANAVA 1 jalur menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05) antar kelompok, selanjutnya melalui uji HSD diketahui bahwa kelompok kontrol dan kombinasi berbeda signifikan dengan kelompok lainnya, sedangkan kelompok ultraviolet absorber dan tabir surya tidak berbeda signifikan satu sama lain meskipun keduanya berbeda signifikan terhadap kelompok kontrol dan kombinasi. Kesimpulan penelitian ini ialah bahwa proteksi silikon RTV dengan menggunakan ultraviolet absorber dan juga tabir surya memiliki kemampuan sama dalam memperkecil perubahan warna silikon RTV. Proteksi silikon RTV menggunakan kombinasi ultraviolet absorber dan tabir surya lebih mampu mengurangi perubahan warna silikon RTV  dibandingkan dengan kelompok proteksi lainnya.

ABSTRACT
RTV silicon is a material used commonly as an extra oral maxillofacial prosthesis. Color change of RTV silicon caused by ultraviolet light radiation. Ultraviolet absorber and sunblock lotion commonly used as an ultraviolet light protection material in many medical cases. This study was aimed to know about the effect of ultraviolet absorber, lotion sunblock and their combination to reduce the color change of RTV silicon material as an extra oral maxillofacial prosthesis.
Forty samples of RTV silicon divided in 4 groups: 1) group without protection 2) ultraviolet absorber protection group 3) lotion sunblock protection group, 4) combination of ultraviolet absorber and lotion sunblock protection group. RTV silicon color change measurement was done by chromameter before and after each group exposed by ultraviolet light irradiation apparatus for 72 hours. RTV silicon color change then calculated with CIELAB method formula. The data were analyzed with one way ANOVA and continued with Honestly Significance Difference (HSD) test.
Statistical Analysis with one way ANOVA showed that there were significance differences (p<0.05) between sample groups. HSD post hoc test showed that there were a significance differences in color change in groups of control and combination protection compared with the other samples groups. There were no significance differences between lotion sunblock and ultraviolet absorber group, although both of groups were known difference significantly with other samples groups. Result of this study concluded that ultraviolet absorber and lotion sunblock gave same RTV silicon protection effect. On the other hand combination of lotion sunblock and ultraviolet absorber as a RTV silicon protection more abled on reducing RTV silicon color change compared with other sample groups.