Cover Image

Tuber yield, morphology, and chemical properties variability of sweet cassava germplasm

https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.57472

Tinuk Sri Wahyuni(1), Kartika Noerwijati(2*)

(1) Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (BALITKABI) Jl. Raya Kendalpayak KM 8, PO BOX 66, Malang 65101, Indonesia
(2) Indonesian Legumes and Tuber Crops Research Institute (BALITKABI) Jl. Raya Kendalpayak KM 8, PO BOX 66, Malang 65101, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


In Indonesia, the superior sweet cassava varieties are still limited due to the situation on which the majority of the superior varieties -bitter varieties- are used as industrial raw material until now. Therefore the availability of new high yielding of sweet cassava varieties is still needed. Assembling varieties requires the support of germplasm that has identified its superiority. The research objective was to evaluate tuber yield, morphology, and physico-chemical properties of cassava tuber from sweet cassava germplasm. A total of 75 accessions were characterized in Jambegede research station in February-November 2016, using Randomized Block Design. Variables observed included plant height, number of plants at harvest, harvest index, number and weight of tuber yield, and starch content. Physico-chemical analysis of tubers was carried out on 15 accessions with high tuber yields. Plant height at harvest was 393.2 cm in average. There were 10 accessions of sweet cassava with high fresh tuber yields ranging from 36.61 ton.ha-1 to 61.64 ton.ha-1, i.e MLG 10366, MLG 10365, MLG 10318, MLG 10197, MLG 10325, MLG 10341, MLG 10018, MLG 10279, MLG 10298, and MLG 10263. Physico-chemical analysis showed that the average of HCN content was 9.40 ppm, moisture content of 59.5 %, starch content of 28.8 % wb, and amylose content of 11.0 % wb. The bitter cassava with steamed tuber texture not cracked had relatively higher levels of HCN and water content, which was 82.88 ppm and 74.8 %, while the starch and amylose content was relatively lower (15.8 % wb and 5.5 % wb).

Keywords


germplasm; physico-chemical; sweet cassava

Full Text:

PDF


References

Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi. (2017). Kebun percobaan. [online]. Available at: http://balitkabi.litbang.pertanian.go.id/profil/kebun-percobaan-2/. [Accessed 25 June 2020].

Chisenga, S.M., Workneh, T.S., Bultosa, G., and Laing, M. (2019). Proximate composition, cyanide contents, and particle size distribution of cassava flour from cassava varieties in Zambia. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 4(4), pp. 869–891.

Food and Agriculture Organization. (2013). Cassava, a 21st century crop. In Save and grow: cassava, a guide to sustainable production intensification. [Online]. Available at: http://www.fao.org/ag/save-and-grow/cassava/en/1/index.html [Accessed 25 June 2020].

Fukuda, W.M.G., Guevara, C.L., Kawuki, R., and Ferguson, M.E. (2010). Selected morphological and agronomic descriptors for the characterization of cassava. 1st ed., Ibadan: International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) Nigeria, pp. 19.

Hahn, S.K., Reynolds, L., and Egbunike, G.N. (1988). Cassava as livestock feed in Africa. Proceedings of the IITA/ILCA/University of Ibadan workshop on the potential utilization of cassava as livestock feed in Africa, pp. 159.

Indiati, S.W. (2012). Ketahanan varietas/klon ubikayu umur genjah terhadap tungau merah. Jurnal Penelitian Pertanian Tanaman Pangan, 31(1), pp. 53–59.

Juliano, B.O. (1971). A simplified assay for milled-rice amylose. Cereal Science Today, 16(10), pp. 334-340.

Laya, A., Koubala, B.B., Kouninki, H., and Nukenine, E.N. (2018). Effect of harvest period on the proximate composition and functional and sensory properties of gari produced from local and improved cassava (Manihot esculenta) varieties. International Journal of Food Science, 2018, pp. 1-15

Marais, J.P., de Wit, J.L., and Quicke, G.V. (1966). A critical examination of the Nelson-Somogyi method for the determination of reducing sugars. Analytical Biochemistry, 15(3), pp. 373–381.

Mullan, D.J. and Barrett-Lennard, E.G. (2010). Breeding crops for tolerance to salinity, waterlogging and inundation. In: M. P. Reynolds (Ed.), Climate Change and Crop Production. Wallingford, UK: CAB International, pp. 92–114.

Ndubuisi, N.D. and Chidiebere, A.C.U. (2018). Cyanide in cassava: A review. International Journal of Genomics and Data Mining, 2(1), pp. 1-10

Oshunsanya, O.S. and Nwosu, N.J. (2018). Soil-water-crop relationship: A case study of cassava in the tropics. Intech, tourism, 13. [online]. Available at: https://www.intechopen.com/books/advanced-biometric-technologies/liveness-detection-in-biometrics [Accessed 17 December 2020]

Sánchez, T., Dufour, D., Moreno, J.L., Pizarro, M., Aragón, I.J., Domínguez, M., and Ceballos, H. (2013). Changes in extended shelf life of cassava roots during storage in ambient conditions. Postharvest Biology and Technology, 86, pp. 520–528.

Teye, E., Asare, P., Amoah, R., and Tetteh, J. (2011). Determination of the dry matter content of cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) tubers using specific gravity method. APRN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science, 6(11), pp. 23–28.

Vieira, E.A., de Freitas Fialho, J., Faleiro, F.G., Bellon, G., da Fonseca, K. G., Carvalho, L.J. C.B., Silva, M.S., de Paula-Moraes, S.V., de Oliveira, C.M., and Denke, M.L. (2011). Characterization of sweet cassava accessions based on molecular, quantitative and qualitative data. Crop Breeding and Applied Biotechnology, 11(3), pp. 232–240.

Wyckhuys, K.A.G., Wongtiem, P., Rauf, A., Thancharoen, A., Heimpel, G.E., Le, N.T.T., Fanani, M.Z., Gurr, G.M., Lundgren, J.G., Burra, D.D., Palao, L.K., Hyman, G., Graziosi, I., Le, V.X., Cock, M.J.W., Tscharntke, T., Wratten, S.D., Nguyen, L.V., You, M., Lu, Y., Ketelaar, J.W., Georgen, G., and Neuenschwander, P. (2018). Continental-scale suppression of an invasive pest by a host-specific parasitoid underlines both environmental and economic benefits of arthropod biological control. PeerJ, 2018(10).

Yonis, B.O., Pino del Carpio, D., Wolfe, M., Jannink, J.L., Kulakow, P., and Rabbi, I. (2020). Improving root characterisation for genomic prediction in cassava. Scientific Reports, 10(1), pp. 1–12.



DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.57472

Article Metrics

Abstract views : 1650 | views : 1254

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share



Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science) ISSN 0126-4214 (print), ISSN 2527-7162 (online) is published by Faculty of Agriculture Universitas Gadjah Mada collaboration with Perhimpunan Sarjana Pertanian Indonesia (PISPI) and licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

web analytics View My Stats