THE TRANSACTION COST OF SUGARCANE FARMERS: AN EXPLORATIVE STUDY
https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.6340 Ahmad Erani Yustika(1*)
(1) Universitas Brawijaya
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Industri gula sampai kini masih menjadi prioritas dalam pembangunan sektor pertanian di Indonesia, khususnya di Jawa Timur. Tetapi, kinerja industri gula di Jawa timur dalam dua dekade ini cenderung menurun, yang antara lain dapat dilihat dari penurunan jumlah produksi. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis ekonomi biaya transaksi untuk mengidentifikasi masalah industri gula di Jawa Timur. Riset ini mengkomparasikan biaya transaksi antara petani tebu kontrak dan non-kontrak di Kabupaten Malang dan Kediri (Jawa Timur). Secara lebih detail, studi ini memperlihatkan bahwa ongkos untuk mengorganisasi tebang-muat-angkut (TMA) (termasuk biaya karung) berkontribusi paling tinggi dari total biaya transaksi petani tebu, baik berdasarkan lokasi, tipe petani, maupun luas lahan. Jika dianalisis lebih detail, ditemukan fakta-fakta sebagai berikut: (i)biaya transaksi TMA lebih besar petani tebu kontrak daripada non-kontrak; (ii) biaya komisi yang diberikan kepada perantara lebih besar petani tebu non-kontrak daripada kontrak; dan (iii) proporsi bunga kredit terhadap total biaya transaksi pada petani tebu kontrak cukup tinggi karena sering terjadi keterlambatan penyaluran kredit, di samping fakta bahwa rata-rata jumlah kredit petani tebu kontrak lebih besar ketimbang non-kontrak.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jieb.6340
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