Differences in lung function in various degrees of pulmonary tuberculosis sequale

Iwandheny Sepmeitutu; Sumardi Sumardi; Eko Budiono

doi:10.22146/acta interna.16575

Differences in lung function in various degrees of pulmonary tuberculosis sequale

https://doi.org/10.22146/acta%20interna.16575

Iwandheny Sepmeitutu^(1*), Sumardi Sumardi⁽²⁾, Eko Budiono⁽³⁾

(1)
(2)
(3)
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Latar belakang: Tuberkulosis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global untuk negara berkembang khususnya
di Indonesia yang merupakan urutan kelima tertinggi di dunia. Sekuele tuberkulosis dapat terjadi pada
sebagaian besar pasien yang mengalami penyembuhan setelah mendapatkan pengobatan. Perubahan sekuele
tuberkulosis menimbulkan perubahan pada paru sehingga mengalami penurunan fungsi paru.
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan fungsi paru forced expiratory volume in one second
(FEV1) dan forced vital capacity (FVC) pada berbagai derajat sekuele tuberkulosis.
Metode: Desain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang pada pasien rawat jalan poliklinik BP4 Yogyakarta dari
September 2013 hingga sampel terpenuhi. Perbedaan dianalisis dengan uji t dan analisis normalitas dengan
uji Shapiro-Wilk. Perbedaan bermakna bila p< 0.05 dengan interval kepercayaan 95%.
Hasil: Hasil penelitian didapatkan subyek penelitian sebanyak 44 pasien yang terdiri dari 29 (65,9%)
laki-laki dan 15(34,1%) perempuan. Subyek yang memenuhi kriteria dilakukan pemeriksaan foto thorak
posteroanterior (PA). Derajat keparahan foto thorak dinilai menurut indeks Willcox. Tes spirometri dilakukan
untuk mendapatkan gambaran fungsi paru berupa FEV1 dan FVC. Karakteristik dasar subyek penelitian
menurut fungsi paru menunjukkan kelainan restriksi yang paling banyak yaitu 28 (60,9%). Perbedaan fungsi
paru FEV1 bermakna pada derajat ringan dengan derajat berat (p= 0,024) dan bermakna pada fungsi paru
FVC pada derajat ringan dengan derajat berat (p= 0,031).
Kesimpulan: terdapat perbedaan bermakna fungsi paru FEV1 dan FVC pada derajat ringan dengan derajat
berat.
Kata kunci: Sekuele tuberkulosis, fungsi paru, indeks Willcox.
ABSTRACT
Background: Tuberculosis remains a global health problem to developing countries, especially in Indonesia
which is the fi fth highest in the world. Tuberculosis sequelae can occur on most patients who experienced
healing after treatment. Tuberculosis sequelae changes cause changes in the lungs so that the decline in
lung functions.
Objective: This study was to determine differences in lung function, forced expiratory volume in one second
(FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) at various degrees of sequelae tuberculosis.
Method: This is a cross-sectional study in an outpatient BP4 Yogyakarta from September 2013 until the
sample met. Differences were analyzed by t-test and analysis of normality with Shapiro-Wilk test. Signifi cant
difference is when P <0.05 with 95% confi dence intervals.
Result: The study subjects were 44 patients consisted of 29 (65.8%) males and 15 (34.1%) women. Subjects
who met the criteria examined thoracic images posteroanterior (PA). The degrees of severity of thoracic
images were assessed by Willcox index. Spirometry tests performed to get an overview of lung function
such as FEV1 and FVC. Basic characteristics of the study subjects according to pulmonary function
abnormalities restriction showed at most that 28 (63.6%). Signifi cant differences in FEV1 lung function in mild degree with severe degree (p = 0024) and FVC signifi cantly in lung function in mild degree with
severe degree (p= 0.031).
Conclusion: There are signifi cant differences in lung function, FEV1 and FVC at mild degree by severe
degree.
Keywords: Tuberculosis sequelae, pulmonary function, index Willcox

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/acta%20interna.16575