AGRICULTURE CATEGORY ADVANTAGES AND ECONOMIC STRUCTURES IN THE REGION OF WEST NUSA TENGGARA PROVINCE Kategori

This research aims to identify [1] the highest agricultural category contribution in the West Nusa Tenggara province; [2] basic or non-basic category in current and future; [3] economic structure changes in the agricultural category; [4] classifying agricultural category. This research by a descriptive method. The data analysis by Location Quotient, Dynamic Location Quotient, Shift-Share and Klassen Typology. The results with the highest contribution to the West Nusa Tenggara GRDP is the agriculture category of 23.5%. The highest contribution of an agricultural category to the agricultural category GRDP in West Nusa Tenggara is a Bima Regency of 46.8%. Based on LQ analysis, forestry and logging categories by 2.41% and fi sheries category by 1.16% are categorized as a base, and the agriculture category* (agriculture, farming, hunting and agricultural services) is non-base categories of 0.96%. Based on the DLQ analysis, there is a repositioning structure in agriculture category* that Originally non-base 0.96% to a base 1.00%, as for forestry and logging categories and fi shery categories remain base. Based on the shift-share analysis, all categories are positive values, the highest category is agriculture category* 1,528,544,064,778.96 (million) infl uenced by provincial economic growth, industry mix and the infl uence of competitive advantage. Based on the Klassen Typology analysis, there are two classifi cations of agriculture category that is the prime classifi cation (forestry and logging category and fi shery category) and potential classifi cation (agriculture category*).

Kata Kunci: Kategori Basis, Kategori Pertanian, PDRB, Shift-Share, Tipologi Klassen important to be improved, developed and maintained in accordance with the socioculture of the area (Ogari et al, 2014).
The Efforts in achieving region/ territory development are important for the government knowing the potential owned by the region or territory, such as; community economic conditions, natural resource potential, human resources, and infrastructure.Economic development can be measured by the value of its gross regional domestic product (GRDP).
According to Widianingsih (2015), namely the growth and improvement of gross regional domestic product (GRDP) from year to year is an indicator of regional development success.
West Nusa Tenggara Province consists of ten districts or cities (West Lombok, Central Lombok, East Lombok, North Lombok, West Sumbawa, Sumbawa, Dompu, Bima, Mataram City and Bima City).Those are the regional that have

Regional economic growth an
indicator that to used in measuring the level of people welfare in region's (Badrudin R., 2012).The Efforts of economic regional growth, the agriculture category is each one means that can be utilized optimally in an effort to prosper the community.The agriculture category is a base economic regional category (BPS, 2016)

Location Quotient (LQ)
Location Quotient (LQ) is a method commonly used to determine leading sector of a region (Fattah S. and Rahman A. 2013, Endi R., et al. 2015, Sinaga D. 2015, Tian Z. 2013).LQ aims to know the position of agriculture category that is analyzed whether including the base or non-base by comparing the agricultural category character of the territory with the regional agricultural category.LQ can be formulated as follows: Description:

Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ)
The DLQ analysis will be determined the basic agricultural category in the future.

Financial
relationship as regional development with the aim of improving the living standards and welfare of territory communities.Economic region or territory development is a process involving local governments and communities in managing existing resources and forming partnerships between local governments with private sector to create new jobs and stimulate the development of economic activities (Arsyad, 1999).The main objective of economic region/territory development is to create prosperity for all local communities.The Efforts in achieving these objectives, the government must formulate clearly related to prosperity or economic prosperity to be achieved, of course with the involvement of local communities because the community itself knows more which economic sector is very the freedom to manage the economic potential and financial resources it has for the improvement of people's welfare.According to Kuncoro M. and Idris A. L. (2010), regional autonomy since 2001 has a positive impact on the level of economic growth and GRDP percapita.The era of regional autonomy and fiscal decentralization namely the local government is given authority in managing its financial resources to encourage the development process in each region to encourage the national development process.The economy of West Nusa Tenggara Province is supported by seventeen business fi elds/categories (a new term used in GRDP with the base year of 2010 compiled based on business category/industry as a substitute for the sector term in the preparation of GRDP base year 2000) that can produce goods and services as contained in GRDP are: 1) Agriculture, Forestry, and Fisheries; 2) Mining and Quarrying; 3Services and Insurance; 12) Real Estate; 13) Company Services; 14) Mandatory Government, Defense and Social Security Administration; 15) Educational Services; 16) Health Services and Social Activities and 17) Other Services (BPS, 2016).According to PBS (2016), GRDP of West Nusa Tenggara Province based on constant price in 2011-2015 average reaches Rp 73.130.305(in million).Viewed by the trend, generally the number of West Nusa Tenggara Province GRDP from year to year continues to increase.Of the Seventeen categories in Nusa Tenggara Barat Province, the category with the highest value is the agriculture category with an average value of 17,046,225 (in million) and the lowest is electricity and gas procurement category with an average value of Rp 50,844 (in million).Based on the structure of GRDP with the preparation of the 2010 base year, the agriculture category consists of three categories including; a) agriculture category (agriculture, farming, hunting and agricultural services); b) forestry and logging categories and c) fi shery categories, these categories constitute the constituent categories of the high values found in the agriculture category generally.
. The majority of Indonesians lives in rural areas where most of their economic activities are in the agricultural category.The category of agriculture is the provision of local food ingredients and the absorption of labor, the source of raw material producers for industries and sources of foreign exchange.According to Jhingan (2012), the effort to support the welfare of the community, agriculture category has several roles, which are: (1) as a means of fulfi lling the needs or providers of food community, as a solution of the increasing needs of society accompanied by population growth more rapidly; (2) to meet the increasing demand of industrial products, causing the expansion of secondary category and tertiary category; (3) increasing foreign exchange for the import of capital goods for development through continuous export of agricultural products; (4) as an incentive to increase village revenues mobilized by the government, and (5) as a means of improving the welfare of rural communities.Based on the above description, it is more necessary to research about: [1] the contribution of the highest agricultural category in the West Nusa Tenggara province, which is applied to the next aim; [2] a base or non-basis category in the existing and future condition; [3] the changes of economic structure of territory agricultural category; [4] agricultural category selected classifi cation by West Nusa Tenggara Province.METHODS This research was conducted at West Nusa Tenggara Province by using a descriptive method.The data used in this research are secondary data with time series data from gross regional domestic product (GRDP) at constant 2010 prices, according to business fi eld from the period of 2011-2015 (fi ve years).The data in this research by the Central Bureau of Statistics in West Nusa Tenggara Province.Data collected by library method approach (Library Research) and literature study of a book, journal or the result of other research which have been done.Research data were analyzed by using Location Quotient (LQ), Dynamic Location Quotient (DLQ), Shift-share and Klassen Typology.
share analysis is to determine the performance or productivity of the agricultural category i in the territory compared with the region and can affect the growth in the amount of its output.According to Amalia F. (2012), shift-share is used to determine changes and the structure shift of a region's economy.Mathematically according to Soepomo (1993) the general form of shift-share analysis formulation and its components are: real impact of growth, agriculture category territory: (D ik = N ik + M ik + C ik or y* ik -y ik ) b) Influence agricultural category of territory on Province growth: (N ik = y ik .rp ) c) Proportional shift or an infl uence mix of agriculture category: (Mik = yik (rip -rp)) d) Infl uence of competitive advantage: (C ik = y ik (r ik -r ip ) Description: y ik : Contribution of agricultural category i in the territory Y* ik : Contribution of agricultural category i in the territory end of year analysis r ik : The growth rate of agricultural category i in the territory r ip : The growth rate of agricultural category i in Province r : Average growth rate of agricultural category in Province Klassen Typology Klassen typology is to compare the level and growth rate territory of agricultural sector (Arsyad, 2010): r i : The growth rate of agricultural category i the territory r n : The growth rate of agricultural category i the province y i : Contribution of agriculture category i the territory y n : Contribution of agriculture category i the province RESULTS AND DISCUSSION This section will describe the results/ answers to the intended purpose.The answer of the fi rst objective (the contribution of the highest agricultural category in the province of West Nusa Tenggara) becomes the next analysis destination.The Highest Contribution Category of Territory to West Nusa Tenggara Province Economic growth in a territory refl ects a change in economic structure in the region to be better and increased levels of community welfare.Economic growth can be an indicator of the region's economic development success.The economic growth can be measured by the increasing of adding value in the economic category that exist in the region as it is in the gross regional domestic product (GRDP).West Nusa Tenggara Province consists of ten regencies/cities: 1) West Lombok District, 2) Central Lombok District, 3) East Lombok District, 4) Sumbawa District, 5) Dompu District, 6) Bima District, 7) West Sumbawa District, 8) North Lombok District, 9) Mataram City and 10) Bima Citi and consists of seventeen business fi elds/categories based on PDRB data.The formula of calculating this contribution is to divide the value of each category in each category of territory by the total value of the category in the region in the same year (GRDP i / Total GRDP x 100%).The data used in the calculation is the GRDP data of West Nusa Tenggara Province.The calculation results can be explained that the highest contribution each category of districts/cities as follows: West Lombok has agriculture category with a value of 22.0 percent, Central Lombok in the agriculture category that is 27.5 percent, East Lombok has in the agriculture category of 29.9 percent, Sumbawa has 40.2 percent in the agriculture category, Dompu in the agriculture category that is 41.2 percent, Bima in the agriculture category is 46.8 percent, West Sumbawa is reaching 83.4 percent in the category of mining and digging, North Lombok is approximately 37.0 percent the agriculture category, Mataram in the category of large and retail trade; car and motorcycle repairs worth 18.6 percent and Bima has the highest contribution to the big and retail trade category; car and motorcycle repairs worth 22.0 percent.Generally, the total contribution of the category with the highest value in West Nusa Tenggara Province is the category of agriculture that is 26.9 percent and the lowest is the electricity and gas procurement category and the water supply, waste management, waste and recycling category of each 0.1 percent.The contribution of agriculture category in West Nusa Tenggara Province is supported by the contribution of Bima in the agriculture category is 46.8 percent, which is the highest contribution value of total GRDP of agricultural category in West Nusa Tenggara Province and the smallest is in West Sumbawa that is 4.4 percent.The contribution data of each district/city category in West Nusa Tenggara Province are presented in the table 2. Based on the advantages of the contribution of agriculture category in Bima, then the next aims of the agriculture category hunting and agricultural services) which was initially non-based by LQ analysis (the state of time analysis) and became the base in the future (forecast), meaning that the category can be expected to become a base in the future by optimizing the existing potential to increase its production to compete with other regions in the Province of West Nusa Tenggara.The increase in agriculture category is caused by the activity of the population of Bima largely working in the agricultural category, especially food crops, because it is the staple food of Indonesian people in general and Bima in particular as well as the efforts in the framework of agricultural development and income increase of farmers which of course can Benefi cial for the welfare of the local community as a whole.These efforts include intensifi cation, extensification, diversification and rehabilitation of agricultural aspects.The increase is also supported by the extent of land in Bima, which is still dominated by agricultural land covering plantation land of 60,741 hectares and paddy fi elds of 42,962 hectares consisting mostly of irrigated land of 29,430 hectares and nonirrigated 13,532 hectares (BPS, 2016).Viewed from the aspect of the economic structure of Bima is also dominated by agriculture category with a role of 43.47 percent (BPS, 2016).The Changes Economic Structure of Agriculture Category The performance of the agriculture category in Bima and West Nusa Tenggara Province can be analyzed by using Shift-share analysis.The discussion on the performance of an agriculture category in generally to the change of economic structure (GRDP) during the analysis period (2011-2015) is infl uenced by growth components of Bima and West Nusa Tenggara (N ik ), industry mix (M ik ) and competitive advantage (C ik

Table 1 .
Klassen Typology to Category

Table 2 .
The Contribution of Each District/City Category in West Nusa Tenggara

Table 3 .
Bima Distric on Location Quotient

Table 4 .
Bima District on Dynamic Location Quotient Analysis

Table 7 .
Bima Distric on Klassen Typology with Quadrant