MYCOTOXIN LEVELS IN CORN AND FEED COLLECTED FROM INDONESIAN FEEDMILLS

Abstract

Mycotoxins are metabolites of fungi grown in agriculture products and have deleterious effect to animal at certain levels. Samples collection of corn and feed for mycotoxins analysis was done in three different periods, i.e: year 1982-1984, 2002 and 2004. The method of aflatoxin analysis used by Research Institute for Animal Production in the year 1982-1984 was Thin Layer Chromatography. In 2002, 12 major feedmills in Indonesia had been asked to collect 2 different corn samples (good and bad quality), that were analyzed for different mycotoxin levels using a commercial ELISA kit. In 2004, using ELISA kit that has been developed at the Research Institute for Veterinary Science, aflatoxin levels in corn and feed collected from Indonesian feedmills were measured. The survey was extended to measure aflatoxin levels in corn and feed submitted to the official laboratory of Directorate General of Animal Production. Result indicated that aflatoxin levels in corn collected in early 1980 were ranged from 88-200 ppb. Aflatoxin analysis of corn collected by feedmills in 2002 indicated that “good quality” com has less mycotoxin than those of “bad” corn. Aflatoxin level of “good” corn ranged between 0-68 ppb while “bad” corn ranged between 2-115 ppb. Average fumonisin, ochratoxin, T2 toxin and vomitoxin of good corn were 0-6 ppb, 0-3.1 ppb, 0-10.1 ppb and 0-7.5 ppm respectively. Aflatoxin levels in corn collected in 2004 were ranged from 0-183 ppb while imported corn was 47-75 ppb. At same time, poultry feed produced from those feedmills contained aflatoxin between 0 — 175 ppm. From 134 samples of poultry feed collected from Jakarta areas contained aflatoxin between 0- 75 ppb. In conclusion, most of Indonesian corns have acceptable level of mycotoxins for poultry feed but few corn and feed samples have higher levels and may have a long term effect to animals.