2024-03-29T08:23:53Z
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/index/oai
oai:ojs.journal.ugm.ac.id:article/3057
2014-02-07T01:59:16Z
bkm:ART
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3384
2014-02-07T02:23:46Z
bkm:ART
"120207 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Ridha, Abduh
MOTIVATION THROUGH CELLULAR PHONE SHORT MESSAGES IN SMOKING BEHAVIOR: A STUDY AT MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF PONTIANAK
Abduh Ridha1, Ira Paramastri2, Trisno Agung Wibowo3
ABSTRACT
Background: An emerging health problem in Indonesia nowadays is younger age of smokers both nationally and in some certain areas. They are student, but most of them have been addicted to cigarette smokers. Considering the characteristics of teenagers, counseling method based on transtheoritical commonly used recently is short messaging technology.
Objective: To identify effect of smoking cessation motivation message through short messages to self-efficacy; decisional balance; intention to quit smoking; and quantity of cigarettes smoked.
Method: The study was an experiment with pretest-posttest control group design. Population of the study were smoking students at Muhammadiyah University of Pontianak that were in the pre-contemplation phase. The study involved two groups, experiment and control each consisting of 100 students.
Results: Students that got short message intervention of smoking cessation encouragement did not get significant score of efficacy (α>0.05). Score of decisional balance changed significantly in the experiment group. The score decreased as much as 0.85 after intervention of encouragement through delivered short message. The score decreased due to the decrease of score in pro as much as 0.58 and the increase of score in contra as much as 0.23 (α<0.05). Changes of score in decisional balance also influenced increase of intention (R2=63.9%; X2=0.00). After the intervention there was increasing of intention in the experiment group as much as 37.5% (α<0.05).
Conclusion: Students that got encouragement through cellular phone short message had better balance of decision and intention than those that did not get encouragement.
Keywords: students, behavior, smoking, transtheoritical, smoking cessation
1 Muhammadiyah University of Pontianak
2 Faculty of Psychology, Gadjah Mada University
3 Health Departement of Yogyakarta Province
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012-02-07 00:00:00
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3384
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 28, No 1 (2012)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3385
2016-12-30T03:49:40Z
bkm:ART
"120207 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Isworo, M. Hakimi, Trisno Agung Wibowo, Adi
Background: Preeclampsia or eclampsia is a collection of symptoms that can occur in pregnant women, women in labor, and in the puerperium phase, characterized by hypertension and proteinuria. The condition is sometimes accompanied by convulsions to coma, called eclampsia. The direct cause of maternal mortality rate (MMR) is bleeding (30%), eclampsia (25%), parturition time (5%), abortion complications (8%), and infections (12%). National maternal mortality rate in 2007 was 228/100.000 live births. MMR in Central Java in 2008 was 114.42 / 100,000. Banyumas, one of regencies in Central Java has the highest total fertility rate (2.31). MMR in 2009 was 41 cases due to cause’s preeclampsia/eclampsia, 9 cases (22%).
Methods: Case-control, located in Banyumas. Subjects in this study drawn from the study population by accidental sampling; those are pregnant women who were diagnosed as preeclampsia. The sample consisted of 276 pregnant women (138 cases and 138 controls). Measurement of risk factors (anxiety) used a questionnaire T-MAS. Estimated magnitude of the risk factors determined by the odds ratio (OR) stratified by previous test and multivariate analysis to control the confounder.
Results: 59 (42.8%) experienced anxiety. The results of bivariate analysis between the main variables of anxiety with the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women shown OR=7.84; (CI=3.967-15.501); p<0.01. Then, the results of bivariate analysis of external variables with preeclampsia: a history of preeclampsia OR=19.24; (CI:2.524-146.246); p<0.01, a history of descendants of preeclampsia OR=8.52 (CI=2.903-25.049);p<0.01, history of hypertension OR=12.50; (CI=3.714-42.065); p<0.01, and the history of the ANC OR=3.00; (CI=1.560-5.784); P<0.01. From the stratified analysis, a history of hypertension is a confounder with the difference of OR=24.2%. There are an interaction between anxiety and a history of preeclampsia, hypertension and offspring with the incidence of preeclampsia. The results of multivariate analysis of anxiety showed OR=11.36; (CI=5.400-23.902); p<0.01, a history of preeclampsia OR=11.050; (CI=1.285-95.057); p=0.02, a history of descendants of preeclampsia OR=8.46; (CI=2.636-27.200); p<0.01; history of hypertension OR=10.50; (CI=2.834-38.958); p<0.01, and the history of the ANC: OR=2.75; (CI=1.209-6.274), p=0.01. Equation model 3 can be accepted: Preeclampsia = -1,958 + 2,430 (anxiety) + 2,402 (history of preeclampsia) + 2,136 (history of descendants of preeclampsia) + 2,352 (history of hypertension) + 1,013 (history of the ANC)
Conclusion: Anxiety associated with the occurrence of preeclampsia. History of hypertension is a confounding variable. Furthermore, a history of preeclampsia, hypertension and history of descendants of preeclampsia are the giver of the effect of modification. In the multivariate analysis of main variables and external variables related to the incidence of preeclampsia is anxiety, a history of preeclampsia, history of descendants of preeclampsia, a history of hypertension and history of the ANC.
Keywords: preeclampsia, anxiety, T-Mas (Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale)
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012-02-07 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3385
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 28, No 1 (2012)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3386
2014-02-07T02:23:46Z
bkm:ART
"120207 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Anis Fuad, Nila Susanti Hamam Hadi
Background: Some studies report that low compliance with iron tablet taking in pregnant mothers is mainly caused by factor of forgetfulness. When forgetfulness becomes the main cause of incompliance with iron tablet taking, the presence or participation of husband or media to remind pregnant mothers is very important. One type of interpersonal communication that can be an alternative in efforts to improve nutrition awareness of the community especially pregnant mothers to increase compliance with iron tablet taking is the delivery of SMS as reminder combined with nutrition education of mothers.
Objective: To find out impact of nutrition education and nutrition message through SMS to increase of hemoglobin level pregnant mothers at District of Bantul.
Method: The study used a quasi experimental design (non equivalent control group design). The intervention given to subject of the study consisted of nutrition education using nutrition education method and SMS as reminder of nutrition and health of pregnant mothers and motivation for compliance with iron tablet taking. Group 1 got nutrition education and SMS, group 2 got nutrition education and group 3 was control group.
Result: The result of Anova statistical test showed there was no difference (p=0.96) in increase of hemoglobin level in the experiment groups. The result of multivariate analysis showed that initial hemoglobin level of pregnant mothers and compliance of pregnant mothers with iron tablet consumption affected increase of hemoglobin.
Conclusion: Nutrition education with SMS did not affect increase in hemoglobin level of pregnant mothers. Nutrition education did not affect increase in hemoglobin level of pregnant mothers. Initial hemoglobin level and compliance with Fe tablet taking affected increase in hemoglobin level of pregnant mothers.
Keywords: nutrition education, SMS, hemoglobin, pregnant mothers
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012-02-07 00:00:00
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3386
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 28, No 1 (2012)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3387
2014-02-07T02:23:46Z
bkm:ART
"120207 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Mohamad, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Agus Priyanto, Fatmawati
Background: Smoking can bring serious impact on human’s health. The habit of smoking from teenage period has the probability 50:50 to die at young age due to diseases associated with smoking. Therefore efforts to promote health on the danger of smoking are directed more to teenagers since they are the main target of cigarette industry. Lots of media that deliver health massages are currently not distributed. It is necessary to have participation of the target in developing media of health messages such as poster to overcome this problem.
Objective: To identify impact of health education method through participatory posters to increase knowledge and attitude of students toward the danger of smoking for health, and find out the different impact of health education method using participatory posters and without poster in increasing knowledge and attitude of students toward the danger of smoking on health.
Method: The study was quasi experiment that used pre-test post-test with control group design. Participants of the study were students of SMP Negeri 1 Limboto Barat, SMP Negeri 2 Telaga and SMP Negeri 3 Limboto. Samples were taken purposively. Data were obtained through questionnaire of knowledge and attitude and analyzed using paired t-test and independent t-test.
Result: Average increase of knowledge and attitude was significant found among three groups. The highest increase of knowledge was found in the participatory poster group and the highest increase of attitude was found in the sticking poster group. Difference in average knowledge of the three groups was significant, but not in average attitude (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Participatory poster method was more effective in improving knowledge of students about the danger of smoking than attitude. This method could be an alternative in the socialization of the danger of smoking for health.
Keywords: knowledge, attitude, smoking, poster, health education
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012-02-07 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3387
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 28, No 1 (2012)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3388
2014-02-07T02:23:46Z
bkm:ART
"120207 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Faisal, Bambang Djarwoto, Berty Murtiningsih, Elvyrah
Background: Hypertension or high blood pressure is lethal disorder that can be found in the people at developed countries and developing countries. The prevalence of hypertension in Yogyakarta Special Region based on the result of blood pressure measurement was 28.4%, the prevalence of hypertension in Bantul Regency based on the result of blood pressure measurement was 23.9%. The morbidity of hypertension for 2006 to 2010 experienced significant increasing. The prevalence of hypertension in female was higher compared in male and tends to increase each year.
Objectives: To knowing the risk factors of hypertension in the worker female with double role in Bantul Regency in 2011.
Methods: This was observational analytic study by case control design, the subject of the study was the worker woman that meet inclusion criterion and the one that meet exclusion criterion was excluded. The number of subject was 216. Analysis was performed used Mc Nemar test with significance level at 95%, and then was followed by conditional logistic regression analysis to knowing the dominant factors of the hypertension incidence.
Results: The result of the study showed that the variable of physical activity (OR= 5.69, 95%CI= 2.248-14.448), psychosocial stress (OR= 3.28, 95%CI= 1.051-10.263), obesity (OR= 2.78, 95%CI= 1.061-7.331), family history (OR= 2.19, 95%CI= 1.051-4.587), education (OR= 4.62, 95%CI= 1.624-13.161), contraception usage (OR= 3.99, 95%CI= 1.159-13.763) were risk factors for hypertension incidence in the worker woman with double role in Bantul Regency.
Conclusion: The risk factors of hypertension incidence in the worker woman with double role were physical activity, psychosocial stress, obesity, family history. Work load was not risk factors for hypertension incidence in the worker woman with double role in Bantul Regency.
Keywords: risk factors, hypertension, worker woman with double role
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012-02-07 00:00:00
application/pdf
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3388
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 28, No 1 (2012)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3389
2014-02-07T02:23:46Z
bkm:ART
"120207 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Mariyono Sedyowinarso, Ibrahim Rahmat Antom Kurnia
Background: Nursing service is part of hospital service that supports the process of healing and recovery of
the patient. Quality of nursing service reflects quality of service to patients. Model of Professional Nursing
Practice (MPNP) is a method to improve quality of nursing care. It is a system that includes structure, process,
and professional values that enable professional nurses to manage nursing care. Performance of professional
nurses is reflected in behavior of nurses in managing patients. Presently nursing service has not met expectation
of patients and their families. The practice of nursing service in most of hospitals in Indonesia has not reflected
the practice of professional service. Some previous studies revealed that performance of nurses had not met
the standard, it mostly belonged to average. Therefore Grhasia Hospital implements 3 categories of service:
service based on MPNP, toward MPNP and non MPNP which have not been evaluated.
Objective: The objective of the study was to identify the difference in performance of nurses in providing mental
health nursing service in the ward with MPNP, toward MPNP, and non MPNP.
Method: The study used cross sectional design and descriptive comparative approach, involving 31 nurses
and 60 medical records at the ward of Class 1, L2 and L2A of Grhasia Hospital Yogyakarta. Data were obtained
through questionnaire and documentation study.
Result: The result of the study showed compliance of nurses with nursing care standard of nurse performance
in the ward with MPNP in average was 92.61%, toward MPNP in average was 77.64%, and non MPNP was in
average 75.99%. Based on perception of nurses, performance in the ward with MPNP was in average 3.35, in
the ward toward MPNP was in average 2.85, and in the ward non MPNP was in average 2.81. The result of
statistical analysis showed there was difference in performance between ward with MPNP, toward MPNP and
non MPNP in compliance with standard of nursing care with score of p=0,001 (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Performance in the ward with MPNP was in good category, in the ward toward MPNP was also in
good category, whereas in the ward non MPNP was in average category, There was significant difference in
performance between the ward with MPNP, toward MPNP and non MPNP. The management of Grhasia Hospital
should adopt MPNP of nursing care system in all the wards.
Keywords: performance, model of professional nursing practice, nursing care system
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012-02-07 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3389
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 28, No 1 (2012)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3390
2014-02-07T02:23:46Z
bkm:ART
"120207 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Mugeni Sugiharto, Oktarina
Background: Geographically Indonesia is one country that exists within the ring of volcanoes of the world (ring of fire) which has 130 active volcanoes (including Mount Bromo, Mount Merapi, Mount Karakatau, etc.). These volcanoes stretches 7000 kilometers form the volcanic belt of Aceh to Sulawesi Utara. This study aims to promote communication media, information and education (IEC) for public health in the affected areas EC Media, Disasters, Volcanoes
Method Descriptive research methods. Primary data collection carried out by a structured questionnaire and to dig deeper conducted Focus Group Discussion (FGD) on the stakeholders at the Provincial Health Office, District Health Office, Health Center, Head, The Village, religious leaders and local community leaders
Results: The results showed that the media are used for special education counseling volcanic disaster areas of health does not exist, only the use of masks and counseling about health behavior. Because the volcanic disaster in just a few districts only, so there is no media in particular. Knowledge of respondents in the area of Mount Merapi in Sleman of the status of the volcano most of the 57% did not know and only 43% know the right way. Mortality / death rate due to volcanic disaster of the population according to the Lahore district health department in November 2010 as many as 201 people. For the majority of deaths due to hot lava.
Conclusion: In order to support the Act No. 24 of 2007 on disaster-prone communities are entitled to obtain information, education/training and skills in the face of catastrophic volcanic eruption, and the Health Act No. 36 of 2009 Section 7 reads every person is entitled to receive health information and education regarding the balanced and responsible, it is suggested that this media can be applied in all health centers especially in the area of volcanic disaster.
Keywords: IEC media, disasters, volcanoes
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2012-02-07 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3390
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 28, No 1 (2012)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3391
2014-02-10T02:46:53Z
bkm:ART
"110528 2011 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Hari Kusnanto, Andreas Purwanto
Background: Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is still a health problem in Gowa Regency. The effective way to reduce the incidence of DHF is reducing the vector population. Using the new relatively of vector index, i.e. pupae/person index, is regarded well than some indices to measure the vector density. Yet, a Stegomyia index is still commonly used in present because of practice and simple. Then, all of indices need to be tested by correlate the vector indices with the incidence of DHF. In this study, demographic/pupae survey is used to knowing each of vector indices. Besides, mapping is done to know the disperse pattern of Aedes vector, then knowing the correlation of climate and the incidence of DHF.
Objective: Examining the vector indices that can be trusted for routine survey, understanding the epidemiology of Aedes vector by knowing their disperse pattern, and predicting the early season of dengue transmission to prevent increasing of DHF cases
Method: This was an analytic study with cross-sectional design, using the demographic/pupae survey to know pupae/person index and Stegomyia indices by 496 houses. Index score is correlated by the incidence of DHF in RT’s. Tools of ArcGIS are used to testing the spatial analysis, i.e. Average Nearest Neighbor Distance, to know the tendency of pupae clustering. Pearson correlation is used to testing the incidence of DHF by climate.
Results and conclusions: There are significantly positive correlations in BI and CI by the incidence of DHF (p<0,05), there are no correlation in HI and pupae/person index by the incidence of DHF. The pupae spots that mapped tend to cluster (p<0,05). There are negative correlations in range of minimum-maximum temperature by the incidence of DHF.
Keywords: stegomyia indices, pupae/person index, cluster, climate, Gowa Regency
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-28 00:00:00
application/pdf
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3391
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 4 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3393
2014-02-10T02:46:54Z
bkm:ART
"110528 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Berty Murtiningsih, Virdaus Syarifuddin Muhammad Hakimi
Background: Infants of low birth weight (LBW) is associated with high infant mortality rate. In 2009 the infant mortality rate in the Bantul district reached 11.49 per 1000 KH of which 36.6% are caused by low birth weight. Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) and maternal age are risk factors for the dominant cause of LBW in 2009.
Objectives: To know the description of the case of CED, LBW and the magnitude of the risk of CED on the incidence of LBW in Bantul district.
Methods: The study design is Matched case-control study. The study population was the mother who gave birth during the year 2010 and 2011, the study site sub-divided based on the cluster. The case is the mother who gave birth to babies with weight <2500 grams, the control is the mother who gave birth to a baby weighing > 2500 grams. Large sample of cases was 149 people, with a 1:1 ratio of cases and controls were then obtained a total sample of 298 people. Sampling controls through matching on parity and maternal age. The data obtained were analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariable, then presented in tables and graphs.
Results: In multivariable analysis, there are two significant variables related to LBW: CED (OR = 3.95; 95% CI = 2.147 to 7.299, p <0.001) and anemia (OR = 3.17; 95% CI = 1.660 to 6.051; p <0.001).
Conclusion: CED was suffer from 69,1% respondents. Mother who gave birth to babies with LBW, 83,2% suffer from CED and 94,6% lack of iron intake. Pregnant women with CED-risk gave birth to babies with LBW. Pregnant women who suffer from CED and anemia predicated 75.53% will give birth to babies with LBW.
Keywords: KEK, low birth weight, matched case control study
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-28 00:00:00
application/pdf
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3393
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 4 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3394
2014-02-10T02:46:54Z
bkm:ART
"110528 2011 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Djauhar Ismail, Pepi Hapitria Djaswadi Dasuki
Background: Positive Deviance (PD) is a ‘power’ based approach having a belief that in each community there are certain individuals as the actors of ‘positive deviance’ that own specific habit and behavior. They might find out better ways to prevent nutritional deficiency compared to their surroundings that possess the same resource and face the same risk as well.
Objective: To find out PD behavior in poor family towards under-five children’s nutritional status in Astanajapura Health Center working area of Cirebon District.
Method: The study used a case control study design and in-depth interview. Subjects were under-five children 6-59 months of age. Data collection used a questioner and interview. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis with logistic regression to determine OR and 95% CI of the effect of PD behavior towards under-five good nutritional status.
Result: Under-five good nutritional status was significantly related to PDbehavior (OR=7.43; 95% CI=1.89–29.17). The other factors affecting under-five good nutritional status were maternal education (OR=6.63; 95%CI=1.63–23.90) and under-five age (OR=4.05; 95% CI=1.16–14.10).
Conclusion: Under-five good nutritional status had a significant relationship with PD behavior.
Keywords: nutritional status, positive deviance behavior, under-five children
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-28 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3394
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 4 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3395
2014-02-10T02:46:54Z
bkm:ART
"110528 2011 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Soewadi, Sari Dewi A Carla R. Marchira
Background: Prevalence of children with Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) tendency often funding at school-age. Children with ADHD often make parent feel stress full. Parent will through some energies and time to control children behavior and to find best treatment for children. As a consequence, spouse feels neglected and its will disturb husband-and-wife relationship and threat marriage stability. Husband-and-wife relationship can influence by another socio-demographic factors.
Objective: To analyze the difference of husband-and-wife relationship based on children with ADHD tendency existence and another factor i.e communication, sexual intercourse, spouse personality/ temperament, education, occupation, monthly income, marital-age and number of child those give influence heaviness to husband-and-wife relationship.
Method: The type of this study is observational with cross sectional analytic design. The subject is parent of student at elementary school of Karangwuni 1 Yogyakarta representatitively by husband or wife by incidental sampling. ADHD tendency is valued by IOWA Conner’s Rating Scale instrument. The husband-and-wife relationship is valued by Husband-and-Wife Questioner. Hypothesis tests use chi-square and logistic regression.
Result: There is no significant difference of husband-and-wife relationship and children with ADHD tendency (X2 = 1,996; p > 0,05). There is significant difference of education factor and husband-and-wife relationship (p < 0,05; OR = 2,79; CI 1,05-7,47).
Conclusion: There is no significant difference of husband-and-wife relationship based on children with ADHD tendency existence for parent of student at elementary school of Karangwuni 1 Yogyakarta. Education factor gives significant influence heaviness to husband-and-wife relationship.
Keywords: children with tendency attention deficit/ hyperactivity disorder, husband-and-wife relationship
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-28 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3395
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 4 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3396
2014-02-10T02:46:55Z
bkm:ART
"110528 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Dwi Kurniawan Nugroho, Wiwik Salistyaningsih Theresia Puspitawati
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major health problem in the world and predicted a substantial increase of people with DM in the next years. In Public Health Center, the number of type 2 DM patient visits in 2010 increased compared to that in 2009 i.e 2.078 become 2.354 visits. The main goal of treatment of DM is keeping blood glucose contens within normal limits, an effort that can be done is to take oral hypoglycemic drugs (OHO) regularly.
Aim: To know the correlation between the level of adherence to take OHO and blood glucose contens in type 2 DM patients in Umbulharjo II Public Health Center Yogyakarta.
Method: This study used cross-sectional design with a population of 45 respondents, using a total sampling techniq.
Results: The level of adherence to take OHO showed 31.1% proportion of non-adherent and 68.9% of adherent. Blood glucose contens showed 37.8% proportion of high and 62.2% of normal. From the analytical results obtained OR = 8.571 (CI95%: 2.045 to 35.923) meaning that non-adherent patients to take OHO have 8.6 times higher risk of blood increased glucose contens compared with patients who dutifully take OHO.
Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of adherence to take OHO and blood glucose contens in patients of type 2 DM.
Keywords: the level of adherence to take OHO, blood glucose contens, type 2 DM.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-28 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3396
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 4 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3397
2014-02-10T02:46:55Z
bkm:ART
"110528 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Puti Neila Kharisma Abbas,, Briliana Nur Rohima, Sutami Budi Fitriawan,
Rizka Aries Putranti,Laxmiprita Pusparani Rahardjo,, Kusuma Dewi, Hanif, Karttegayen,Nabilah,
Wahyudi Istiono, Ayu Wikan Sayekti Agung Prasetyo Wicaksono
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is one of the main public health problems in Indonesia. It can
affect all age groups and may lead to death especially in children. The data shows that DHF cases in Kecamatan
Mantrijeron between January-June 2010 have reached the highest number of cases in past seven years, about
94 cases. Kecamatan Mantrijeron has an increasing trend of DHF which make it possible for the occurrence of
an outbreak of DHF when no preventions are done. RW 17 Kelurahan Suryodiningratan and RW 02 Kelurahan
Gedongkiwo are areas with highest prevalence. There are 8 and 9 cases in each area respectively.
Objective: To compare community behavior in preventing the existence of mosquitoes that is a DHF vector in the
environment of Kelurahan Suryodiningratan and Gedongkiwo, Kecamatan Mantrijeron.
Method: This research was a descriptive observational study, with cross-sectional retrospective study design
in July-August 2010 in RW 17 Kelurahan Suryodiningratan and RW 02 Gedongkiwo, Kecamatan Mantrijeron,
Kotamadya Yogyakarta. The research target population was 379 head of family (HF) from RW 17 Kelurahan
Suryodiningratan and 360 HF from RW 02 Kelurahan Gedongkiwo. Samples used was 60 HF from RW 17
Kelurahan Suryodiningratan and 66 HF from RW 02 Kelurahan Gedongkiwo (minimal sampling with P=0.5 were
58 HF for RW 17 and 57 HF for RW 02). Sampling was done by random sampling with milestone technique, the
behavior questionnaire, and observational checklist of mosquito existence as the instrument. Independent
variables were six behavioral criteria; dependent variable was the existence of mosquitoes. Data analysis was
done with bivariate analysis using relative risk (RR) and odds-ratio (OR).
Results: Analysis result of correlation between behavior to existence of mosquitoes in RW 17 with RR and
OR>1 are: 1. Not routinely inspecting larvae in water reservoir (RR=1.38 and OR=1.89) and 2. Not cleaning the
bathtub once a week (RR=1.32 and OR=1.74). Analysis result of correlation between behavior to existence of
mosquitoes in RW 02 with RR and OR>1 are: 1. Not getting rid of bottles and cans (RR=1.66 and OR=3.89); 2. Not
closing all water reservoir (RR=3.21 and OR=17.55); 3. Not routinely inspecting larvae in water reservoir
(RR=2.36 and OR=-); 4. The behavior of not cleaning the bathtub once a week (RR=2.07 and OR=-); 5. The
behavior of not draining-up the bath tub when cleaning (RR=2.03 and OR=-); 6. The behavior of not brushing
water reservoir when cleaning (RR=1.94 and OR=-). The difference between both districts is the characteristic
of RW 17 Kelurahan Suryodingratan that is abundant in trees as the rest area for mosquitoes and the riverbanks
of RW 02 Kelurahan Gedungkiwo are filled with household wastes.
Conclusion: There are differences in behavior in preventing mosquito existence in both RW 17 Kelurahan
Suryodiningratan and RW 02 Kelurahan Gedongkiwo. The population of Kelurahan Gedongkiwo regularly disposes
bottles and cans, drains the bath tub when cleaning, brushes water reservoir when cleaning, closes all water
reservoir, inspects larvae in water reservoir and cleans the bathtub once a week to prevent mosquitoes. The
population of Kelurahan Suryodiningratan inspects larvae in water reservoir and cleans the bathtub once a
week to prevent mosquitoes.
Keywords: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever, behavior, RW 17 Kelurahan Suryodiningratan and RW 02 Kelurahan
Gedongkiwo, Kecamatan Mantrijeron
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-28 00:00:00
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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 4 (2011)
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2014-02-10T02:51:51Z
bkm:ART
"110527 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Retna Siwi Padmawati, I Made Kerta Duana Nida Ul Hasanat
Background: Rabies is a viral disease that causes acute encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) in warm-blooded animals, and human. The rabies virus infects the central nervous system, ultimately causing disease in the brain and death. Rabies in Bali was firstly discovered in Badung District. Rabies was transferred by dog bite. Bali has enourmous dog population, the number reach approximately 540.000 animals or about 96 animals per square kilometer. Meanwhile, domesticated dog population only about 30 percent, the rest is wild dog that live on the street. Rabies in Bali need to be considered by all parties to change the mindset and the behaviour of keeping dog as pet, also efforts in solving of rabies
Objective: To recognizing the perception of Balinese people regarding rabies, preventing and solving efforts of rabies.
Method: This research is a qualitative research using phenomenology approach. The data is collected by conducting deep interview technic and focus discussion group (FGD). The subject of the research consists of community with risk of rabies infection in Bali. The data is analysed by using constant comparative method, consists of four activity process; reduction, chategorisation, sintesisation, and interpretation.
Result and Discussion: Dog domestication by Balinese community has been conducted for hundreds of year, passed on from one generation to the next, and no prohibition from religion or tribe regulation. Keeping dog at home then set them free will accelerate rabies infections to other dog and human. The high number of dog bite and victims of rabies has caused unsecurity in the community. This will also affect the changing pattern of medication of dog bites.
Conclusion: The misperception about rabies was caused by the lack of information that people can get. The ineffectiveness of government program to combat rabies, such as vaccination, elimination, health promotion and community empowerment stimulate the spread of rabies throughout Bali. Some matters that need to be notified are the lack of people’s participation and ineffective illumination, also promoting effective implementation of vaccination and eliminating dog while still considering the culture value of local community.
Keywords: perception, rabies, dog, health promotion
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-27 00:00:00
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3398
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 3 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3399
2014-02-10T02:51:51Z
bkm:ART
"110527 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Kusuma, Reni Merta
Background: KB’s acceptors are more interested to injection contraception. These are indicated by BKKBN statistic from several cities, including the ones in Lampung, West Kalimantan, and Central Java. It is interesting to examine the data in order to know perception of the acceptors of DMPA injection, especially regarding possible side effects caused by the usage of the contraception.
Objective: To know perception of the acceptors of DMPA injection during their usage of the contraception.
Method: Sampling technique used is accidental sampling. Informants are acceptors of DMPA injection receiving re-injection when data collection is being done. Informants are asked to attend to Directed Group Discussion (Diskusi Kelompok Terarah/DKT). The result of the discussion is transcribed and analyzed. The analysis is done by grouping the data.
Result: Many informants have already used the DMPA injection for more than one year. Although it is a relatively long term usage, all of the informants do not know the way the contraception works. Not all informants feel the contraception’s side effects.
Conclusion: Perceptions of the acceptors of DMPA injection about the contraception are generally positive. They can accept the DMPA injection. They can also accept the side effects as long as the uncomfortableness is still tolerable.
Keywords: perception, acceptor, DMPA injection
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-27 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3399
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 3 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3400
2014-02-10T02:51:52Z
bkm:ART
"110527 2011 eng "
0215-1936
dc
adi utarini, istri bartini ova emilia
Background: Increased coverage of deliveries by health personnel in Indonesia (82.3%) does not synergize with decreased MMR (228/100.000 live births). The low quality of care at the primary level becomes the main causal factor for the slow achievement of the MDGs. Midwives as providers in the primary care level become the front liners in delivery assistance. Public perception of the low quality of DIII midwifery graduates becomes a concern to the occurrence of medical errors by DIII midwifery graduates. Competence of delivery care is one of midwives’ competences at risk of medical error. In Bantul District, the number of maternal deaths in 2010 was 18 cases with a majority of deaths occurring during childbirth.
Objective: To describe compliance to normal delivery care and medical errors that occurred in the delivery care conducted by DIII midwifery graduates.
Methods: A quantitative study with a cross-sectional design to the occurrence of medical errors in delivery care by DIII midwifery graduates in Bantul District. Data were collected by questionnaire (self reported) and analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate.
Results: The results of the analysis suggested that 41.51% medical error occurred in the delivery care and 24.53% of delivery care by D III midwifery graduates were categorized as not good (n = 53). Self reported about medical errors in the four aspects being studied showed that 14 respondents (26.42%) said that medical error ever occurred in the action aspect of delivery assistance, 10 respondents (18.87%) said that medical errors occurred in the prevention of infection, 8 respondents (15.09%) stated that medical error occurred during the administration of drugs and only 3 respondents (5.66%) said that medical errors occurred at the time of diagnosis establishment. Not good delivery care was significant to the occurrence of medical errors (p = 0.000), and 3.8 times causing a medical error after being controlled by extraneous variables (facilities & SOP) with R² value of 0.16.
Conclusion: Delivery care by DIII midwifery graduates in Bantul District 75,5% was categorized good, and 41.51% medical error occurred in the delivery care. The prevalence of not good delivery care increased the incidence of medical errors than that of good delivery care. Medical errors in delivery care expressed through self-reported in this study showed that they were also influenced by the completeness of equipment and standard operating procedures in obstetric care facility.
Keywords: medical error, DIII Midwifery Graduates, delivery care
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-27 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3400
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 3 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3401
2014-02-10T02:51:52Z
bkm:ART
"110527 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Kunta Setiaji, Djuminten Siswanto Agus Wilopo
Background: Breast cancer can influence the quality of patient’s life. A measurement of quality of life (QOL) is important to evaluate the health services and the continuity of patient life. The Quality of Life Instrument (Quality of Life Breast Cancer Scale) by Ferrell, et al (1995) which has been translated into Indonesian as The Quality of Life Breast Cancer Instrument has not been tested its reliability.
Objective: To know the instrument’s reliability and measuring agreement rating of breast cancer patient’s life quality between two raters.
Method: This was an observational study using a cross-sectional study design. The subjects were 50 women with stage II-III of breast cancer at Sardjito Hospital selected using an accidental sampling technique. Data was collected through interviews using the QOL instrument guideline. Each subject was interviewed twice by nurse and midwife with 2-14 days difference between the interviews. The data were analyzed with Univariate, and Bivariate with Coefficient Kappa analysis, Intraclass Coefficient Correlation analysis, and alfa Cronbach Coefficient analysis.
Results: The Kappa analysis to 46 items of quality of life questions done by nurse and midwife resulted in “good” and “very good” category. The lowest result was k=0.63 and the highest result was k=1.00. The lowest result of coefficient alpha analysis was r=0.63/0.63 while the highest was r=0.88/0.87. The lowest intraclass coefficient was r=0.93 while the highest was r=0.99.
Conclusion: The quality of life breast cancer instrument could likely be adapted for breast cancer patients in Indonesia.
Keywords: reliability, instrument, quality of life, breast cancer, Sardjito.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-27 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3401
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 3 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3402
2014-02-10T02:51:52Z
bkm:ART
"110527 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Sumarni DW, Anisa Renang Yulianti Soewadi
Beckground: Depression will be occurred in mothers who have children with hyperkinetic disorder with symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and also having difficulty to obey the regulation. Depression makes mothers felt into failure in taking care of their children. Having sadness and hopless in a long time leads them will fall into depression. They will need a physic, spiritual, and emotional rehabilitation. Therefore, a social supports is needed to encounter the problem. The social support can be given emotionally (attention or empa- thy), practically, and financial (money). An informative support can also reduce their problem. In contrast, the lack of support will cause them to be depressed.
Objective: The objective of this research is to identify the correlation between social support and depression of mothers having children with hyperkinetic disorder in Arogya Mitra Clinic Klaten.
Method: The method used in this research is cross-sectional study using descriptive analytic. The research is conducted in Arogya Mitra Clinic Klaten in March - April 2010. The sample is all of the population that the mothers having children with hiperkinetic disorder. The instruments used in the study are private data questionnaire, Sarason’s Social Support Questionnaire, and Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale. The data is ana-lyzed by using linier regression analysis.
Result and Conclusions: According too the research frequency of depression of mothers having children with hyperkinetic disorder at Arogya Mitra Clinic is 31%. There are significant correlation between social support and depression of mothers having children with hyperkinetic disorder at Arogya Mitra Clinic (p<0,005) is 0,001.
Keywords: social support, depression, mother, hyperkinetic disorder
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-27 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3402
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 3 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3403
2014-02-10T02:51:52Z
bkm:ART
"110527 2011 eng "
0215-1936
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Mohammad Hakimi, Yuni Kusmiyati Hari Kusnanto
Background: Many adolescents are involved in early sexual activities and perhaps with multiple partners. Pre-marital behavior can lead to unwanted pregnancy, sexually transmitted infection, abortion, fertility and mortality. Knowledge and less supporting attitude on pre-marital sexual activities as well as less access to information are believed to be the factors on high pre-marital sexual problems among adolescents.
Objective: Known effectiveness of Cellular-Based Short Message Service (SMS) in increasing knowledge and attitude on pre-marital sex among adolescents in Yogyakarta Municipality.
Method: This study used Randomized Controlled Trials (RCT) with pre-post study design. Samples were 227 students in the 10th grade from SMAN 7 and SMAN 10 of Yogyakarta. Data analysis used Paired t-test, Independent samples T-test, Anova and Linear regression with ρ=<0.05 and 95% CI.
Result: The analysis result showed that pre-marital SMS at 7 pm-9 pm resulted in knowledge mean difference of 1.33 (ρ=0.00<0.05) with 95% CI (0.46-2.19) and attitude mean difference of 3.47 (ρ=0.00<0.05) with 95% CI (1.39-5.43) while pre-marital SMS at 9 am-11 am resulted in knowledge mean difference of 1.47 (ρ=0.00<0.05) with 95% CI (0.79-2.15) and attitude mean difference of 4.22 (ρ=0.00<0.05) with 95% CI (2.91-5.54). Control group 1 presented knowledge mean difference of -0.16 (ρ=0.66>0.05) with 95% CI (-0.89-0.58) attitude mean difference of -0.41 (ρ=0.75>0.05) with 95% CI (-1.61-0.80) while control group 2 presented knowledge mean difference of 0.09 (ρ=0.9>0.05) with 95% CI (-0,25-0.45) and attitude mean difference of -0.46 (ρ=0.85>0.05) with 95% CI (-1.27-0.34).
Conclusion: SMS is effective in increasing adolescents’ knowledge and attitude on pre-marital sex in Yogyakarta Municipality. There is no effectiveness difference of giving an SMS at the different times to increase adolescents’ knowledge and attitude on pre-marital sex.
Keywords: SMS, seluler, knowledge, attitude, pre-marital sex, adolescent
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-27 00:00:00
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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 3 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3404
2014-02-10T02:51:53Z
bkm:ART
"110527 2011 eng "
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Ova Emilia, Arie Afrima Djauhar Ismail
Background: Adolescent period is a transition period from childhood to adulthood. One sixth of people on earth are adolescents and 85% of them live in developing countries. Adolescents often encounter risks of reproductive health so that reproductive health service becomes necessary for adolescents. School is a center of the dissemination of reproductive health information. The problem is that PIK-KRR in schools is underutilized. Factors causing underutilization are access to service, needs of adolescents, and acceptability of students to PIK-KRR.
Objectives: To study the relationship between acceptability to PIK-KRR and utilization to PIK-KRR in schools by senior high school students at Bima Municipality Nusa Tenggara Barat.
Method: The study used cross sectional with quantitative as well as qualitative approaches. Subjects were 312 high school students. Data were obtained through questionnaire and in-depth interview and analyzed using univariate, bivariate with chi-square and multivariate with logistic regression.
Result: The result of bivariate analysis showed there was significant association between utilization and acceptability, need and attitude toward reproductive health (p<0.05). The result of multivariate analysis showed there was significant association between the utilization and acceptability (RP=1.5; CI95%=1.21-1.91). There was significant association between the utilization and acceptability after the control of variable of need (RP=1.4; CI95%=1.18-1.85) and with the control of variable of attitude consistently there was significant association between the utilization and acceptability (RP=1.4; CI95%=1.11-1.95). This mean that students accepting PIK-KRR had positive attitude toward reproductive health than those not accepting PIK-KRR.
Conclusion: The utilization of PIK-KRR in school was associated with acceptability, need and attitude toward reproductive health.
Keywords: acceptability, reproductive health, utilization, adolescents
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-05-27 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3404
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 3 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3405
2014-02-10T03:01:27Z
bkm:ART
"120611 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Supraptono, Bambang Sumiarto, Dibyo Pramono, Bambang
Interaction 13 Risk Factors In Leptospirosis
Background: Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease, caused by infection with spiral-shaped bacteria of the genus Leptospira. Leptospirosis attacks the animal and human pathogens. Efforts to scale baseline mapping problem of leptospirosis in the city of Semarang is necessary because since 2005, continues to increase. Identify risk factors that influenced the incidence of leptospirosis is the purpose of this study.
Method: The method used in this study is case control. Categories leptospirosis cases were patients who recorded at the hospital in Semarang, 2009, while the control is a person who does not suffer from leptospirosis, proven by the results of teck dry lepto negative dot and for 2 times the incubation period (60 days) showed no clinical symptoms of leptospirosis since the respondents states participated in the study
Result:The results showed the respondents included in the exclusion criteria for both case and control sample of 255 respondents found out. Interaction of risk factors in multivariate showed that only 4 variables that showed statistically significance. a). The probability is not always wear PPE will boost the 266.3 times the incidence of leptospirosis. b). Communities with low education would increase the probability of leptospirosis incidence of 255.2 times, c). Contact with the flesh or body parts of dead animals increase the probability of
leptospirosis incidence of 77.8 tim es. d). The probability of incidence of leptospirosis increased 44.3 times if the respondent contact with standing water. The probability of occurrence of leptospirosis can be described by the equation:
Conclusion: From the results of this study concluded priority cope with leptospirosis in the city of Semarang is the problem; a). Use personal protective equipment (PPE); b). Problems caused by low public education; c). Contact with meat or body parts of dead animals and d). Contact with stagnant water.
Keywords: leptospirosis, case control, binary logistic regression, multivariate
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-06-02 00:00:00
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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 2 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3406
2014-02-10T03:01:27Z
bkm:ART
"120611 2012 eng "
0215-1936
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I.M. Sunarsih Sutaryo, Rendra Widyatama, Ismarwati
Health Promotion in Improving Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior on Early Detection of Cervical Cancer in Women Member
Background: As many as 80%-90% of cervical cancers tend to occur in women aged 30-55 years. Most cervical cancer are detected already in a late stage. Servical cancer prevention efforts can be done through health promotion using interactive discussions and audio visual media aid to promote an individual early detection efforts by pap smear or visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA).
Objective: To determine the effect of health promotion through the media of audio-visual aid and interactive discussion in improving knowledge, attitude and behavior of As-Sakinah Recitation member in Banguntapan Subdistrict on an effort of cervical cancer early detection.
Methods: Qualitative research used action research approached. The sampling method applied by the purposive
sampling with women’s criteria are As Sakinah recitation members who had never undergone a hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus), had married (ever married), willing to become as an informant. Data was collected by in-depth interview to reveal in detail the opinions of someone about cervical cancer and its early detection efforts. Data analysis used was open code program.
Results: Health promotion using the audio-visual film and interactive discussions on the forum are limited and have personal ties among the participants, effective for increasing knowledge and positive attitudes towards cervical cancer and early detection. The behavior of mothers early detection of cervical cancer by an individual (alone) is not ready (unfavorable) because they feel shame and no sense of worry about the results of early detection if it turns out the results tested positive. They are willing to (favorable) early detection collectively. Efforts to maintain reproductive health is done by avoiding risk factors pray and worship (prayers).
Conclusions: The audio visual media and also interactive discussion in health promotion could improve knowledge and positive attitude towards early detection of cervical cancer on the women’s member of As Sakinah recitation. Knowledge and positive attitude toward the urgency of cervical cancer early detection could not guarantee the occurring of early detection behavior. The member of As Sakinah recitation was had no early detection personally because shy and afraid with the result of early detection. They are willing to do a joint (collective) and facilitated in the neighborhood.
Keywords: health promotion, audio visual and interactive discussions, early detection of cervical cancer
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-06-02 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3406
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 2 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3407
2014-02-10T03:01:28Z
bkm:ART
"120611 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Toto Sudargo, Nurmiaty
Eating Behavior and the Prevalence of Premenstrual Syndrome in Teenagers
Background: Problems commonly encountered by teenagers in relation to menstruation are dysmenorrheal and premenstrual syndrome. Some recent studies reveal that micronutrients (calcium, magnesium and vitamin D) have an important role in causing disorder of mood and behavior during premenstruation. Teenagers generally consume foods with low nutrients and have a diet that causes lack of nutrient intake leading to menstrual
disorder.
Objective: To identify the association between eating behavior and the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in teenagers at District of Purworejo.
Method: This was a case control study with quantitative approach. Subject of the study were students of SMKN 3 and SMAN I Purworejo. Analysis stage I was made to identify the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome (n=749). Analysis stage II was made to identify the association between eating behavior and the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome; the comparison between samples of cases and control was 1:1 (n=160).
Result: The prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in teenagers was 24.6%. The test in eating behavior and premenstrual syndrome showed the result was statistically significant. When variable of stress was controlled, the risk for premenstrual syndrome was 2.3 times greater. The result of logistic regression analysis on nutrient intake showed that fat and potassium had the most dominant effect to the incidence of premenstrual syndrome with standardized coefficient value as much as 0.7982 and 0.7834 subsequently.
Conclusion: Unhealthy eating behavior increased risk for premenstrual syndrome 2.3 times greater. Intake of fat and potassium most dominantly affected premenstrual syndrome.
Keywords: eating behavior, premenstrual syndrome, teenagers
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-06-02 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3407
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 2 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3408
2014-02-10T03:01:28Z
bkm:ART
"120611 2012 eng "
0215-1936
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Daroji, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Ira Paramastri, Muhammad
Role of Health Center Staff in Health Promotion of Smoking Cessation of Patients and The Community
Backgrounds: Smoking is a complex and global problem. Its impact to health is undeniable. Nevertheless, the prevalence of smoking increases in developing countries, whereas in developed countries the prevalence decreases. The prevalence of smoking in population always increases. In the Sleman district the prevalence of smoking in the population of above 10 years old reaches 26.7%, the prevalence of smoking household is 55.74%. Data of 8 major diseases causing mortality in hospitals at District of Sleman shows that 4 of them are diseases related to cigarettes. Health staffshave a very strategic role to promote smoking cessation in patients
and the community.
Objectives: To identify the role of health center staff promoting healthty smoking cessation in patients and community and aspects related to it.
Methods: The study used qualitative approach and phenomenological design. The main subject of the study
was staff of public health promotion, clinical coordinator and heads of health center. The supporting subjects were patients and the community and the officials of the health office. Selection of health centers were based on coverage of the highest and the lowest smoke free household, each representing one respondent. Data were obtained through indepth interview and observation.
Results: Role of health center staff in the promotion of smoking cessation includes patient and family education,
community and school children education, giving advices and medical instructions, providing information, becoming non smoking role model, creating a model of smoke free area, collaborating clinical services with psychologists. Aspects related to these comprised were staff’s attitudes, understanding of the need to quit smoking, responsibility, staff’s competence, community’s expectation, constraints and belief in success.
Conclusions: Role of health center staff in the promotion of smoking cessation was not yet optimum due to limited competence, internal and external constraints, poor belief in success.
Keywords: role of staff, health promotion, smoking cessation
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-06-02 00:00:00
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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 2 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3409
2014-02-10T03:01:28Z
bkm:ART
"120611 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Hendro Wartatmo, Susy Kuschitawati, Sahabudin
Motor Riders as Risk Factor for the Incidence of Motor Cycle Traffic Accident Municipality 2010
Background: Traffic accident (TA) has become a public health problem nowadays. Everyday more than 3,000 people die due to TA worldwide. As much as 80% of TA happens in low income countries and 90% in medium income countries annually causing disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). In 2020 it is estimated that TA will be in the third rank after cardiac ischemia and depression worldwide. Vehicles on the road in Yogyakarta Municipality have changed the transport mode from bicycle to motorcycle. Three factors that often because motorcycles TA
are human, vehicle and road factors. More than 80% of TA rate is due to human factor. Within the past five years there has been an increase in motorcycle TA cases in Yogyakarta Municipality.
Objective: The study aimed to identify exposure to risk factor associated with motorcycle TA in Yogyakarta Municipality.
Method: The study was observational that used case control study design. Samples consisted of 266 people comprising 133 cases and 133 controls purposively taken. Cases were riders that had motorcycle TA in Yogyakarta. Data of cases were taken from Polwiltabes and hospitals in Yogyakarta Municipality, whereas data of the control group were obtained from relatives and or neighbours of the case group.
Result: The result of multivariate analysis showed that there was association between use of mobile phone during the drive OR=2.24 (p=0.044), speed > 50 km/hour OR=1.974 (p=0.025) and ownership of driving license type C OR=1.956 (p=0.009) and the incidence of motorcycle TA.
Conclusion: Use of mobile phone during driving, speed > 50 km/hour and non ownership of driving license type C were risk factors for the incidence of motorcycle TA in Yogyakarta Municipality.
Keywords: driver, risk factors, traffic accident, motorcycle
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-06-02 00:00:00
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https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3409
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 2 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3410
2014-02-10T03:01:28Z
bkm:ART
"120611 2012 eng "
0215-1936
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Subiyatun, Djaswadi Dasuki, Budi Wahyuni, Sri
Relationship between Information Giving and the Contraceptive Choice or Rational Contraception (Study Used SM-PFA Project Data in Central Java and East Java in 2002)
Background: Family Planning programs in Indonesia have been admitted both nationally and internationally to be successful programs in decreasing birth rate. The number of contraceptive acceptors is increasing and it reflects that Family Planning programs have become the society’s need. One option of SM-PFA project conducted in 10 districts in East and Central Java aimed at increasing the Quality of Family Planning services with respect to giving information by the provider as one of important factors in the decision taking on contraceptive choice.
Objective: To find out the correlation between information giving and contraceptive choice and rational contraception.
Methods: It was an analytic study using cross-sectional based on the secondary data from SM-PFA project in 2002-2003 involving 1588 fertile married couples. The data analysis used was univariable with frequency distribution, bivariable with chi-square, and multivariable with logistic regression on significance level of 0.05.
Results: The proportion of rational contraceptive choice in informed samples was higher than that in uniformed samples (75% and 65.3%, respectively). Factors related to this difference were maternal age less than 20 or more than 35 years, low education level, parity more than 4 children, working mothers, and women lived in urban area.
Conclusion: There was significant correlation between information giving and the contraceptive choice or rational contraception. The factors affecting the choice were maternal age, maternal education, parity, maternal occupation and the place of live.
Keywords: Family Planning Program, information giving, rational contraception
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-06-02 00:00:00
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Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 2 (2011)
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3411
2014-02-10T03:01:28Z
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"120611 2012 eng "
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Alhamda, Syukra
Dental and Oral Hygiene Status with Dental Caries Status
(Study in Student Age Group 12 Years in Elementary School City of Bukittinggi)
Background: Teeth and mouth disease has the first ranked at 77% of the population disease prevalence of 10 complained of by the community. Dental caries in 12th aged group ends to increase from year to year. In general teeth and mouth disease that affect many people of Indonesia relating to oral hygiene. According to expert opinion one of the factors that are directly related to the occurrence of caries is oral hygiene. The purpose of this study was to correlate the status of oral hygiene with dental caries status.
Method: This study used Cross-sectional design and conducted in elementary school city of Bukittinggi. The subjects were all students in 12th aged group which are permanent teeths all. Measuring tools used is the OHI-S (Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified) for dental and oral hygiene status, and Decay Missing Filling (DMF)- index for dental caries status with the analysis Pearson’s correlation test and simple linear regression based on significance level at 0.05.
Result: Oral and hygiene status of the students in 12th
aged group elementary school city of Bukittinggi is in good
category, with the high caries prevalence 55,68% and the average of DMF-T 1.35. Statical analysis showed a significant and positive relationship between status of oral hygiene with dental caries status as the indicated by the value of ß = 0.685 and p = 0.01. The result also showed that the mean DMF-T of female students is higher than male students indicated by the value of p = 0.00 < 0.05.
Conclusions: The better oral hygiene status of the students the better also the status of dental caries.
Keywords: oral hygiene and dental caries, DMFT (Dental, Missing, Filling-Teeth), dental caries, Oral Hygiene Index Simplified (OHI-S)
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3411
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 2 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3412
2014-02-10T03:04:28Z
bkm:ART
"120604 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Damanik, Kristiana Etnawati, Retna Siwi Padmawati, Bidan Tringani
Perception of Female Teenagers In Ambon About Hazardous Cosmetics Exposure Risk and Their Behavior of Choosing and Using Cosmetics
Background: Cosmetics are products that frequently used by female teenagers to attain and maintain beauty instantly according to their beauty concept. There are many cosmetics in the markets unregistered and contain hazardous substances. The wide distribution of unregistered cosmetics becomes a risk factor for hazardous cosmetics exposure. Thus a research is needed to study the perception of female teenager about hazardous cosmetics exposure risk and their behavior of choosing and using them.
Objective: This research intended to study the perception of female teenagers about hazardous cosmetics, the perception of female teenagers in Ambon about hazardous cosmetics exposure risk and the behavior of choosing and using cosmetics.
Method: This research was a survey combined with qualitative method using descriptive explorative approach. Survey was conducted in in 6 private and 6 public High Schools in Ambon. There were 394 female students as responden which is recruited by multistage cluster sampling method. The methods of data collection were descriptive and Focus Group Description (FGD). The participant of FGD was recruited with purposive sampling method, in which 3 to 4 students from each school recruited as participants of FGD yielding a total of 44 respondents who were split in 6 group discussion. Thematic was then used for data analysis.
Results: More than half of 394 students (57,9%) experienced skin problem after using their cosmetics. The evidence of some skin problems such as peeled off the skin, reddish skin and burned skin was perceptioned as procedures to make skin become white, but the black spot and acne after using cosmetics was perceptioned as the cosmetics is dangerous.
Conclusion: The wrong perception that some skin problems are the procedure to make skin white in teenagers in Ambon, lead them to have the risky behaviour in choosing and using cosmetics. The National Agency of Food and Drug Control especially the Institute of Food and Drug Control in Ambon should actively conduct the health promotion about cosmetics and problems in the high schools and household in to reduce the potential risk of the exposure to hazardous cosmetics.
Keywords: beauty concept, perception, cosmetics, hazardous cosmetics, the behavior of choosing and using cosmetics
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-03-03 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3412
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3413
2014-02-10T03:04:28Z
bkm:ART
"120604 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Nenny Sri Mulyani, Susy Kuscithawati, Hannif
Risk Factors of Acute Diarrhea in Under fives
Background: Diarrhea is a health problem particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. The disease is the main cause of mortality in fewer than fives after perinatal and acute respiratory tract infection (ARI). Data of Basic Health Research 2007 showed diarrhea caused mortality in fewer than fives as much as 25.2%. In Yogyakarta Municipality the prevalence of diarrhea at health centers and hospitals in 2009 was in the second rank after ARI with as many as 16,604 cases and the prevalence was 3.6%. Diarrhea is a disease transmitted
oro-faecal; therefore it can be transmitted in many ways among others is through polluted water (water borne).
Objective: To identify association between bacteriological qualities of clean water, clean water facilities, family toilet, individual hygiene of mother (caregiver) and behavior in boiling drinking water and acute diarrhea in under fives at Yogyakarta Municipality.
Method: The study is a case control study undertaken at Yogyakarta Municipality with as many as 250 people comprising 125 cases and 125 controls, were used to univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis techniques.
Results: The result of multivariate analysis showed that individual hygiene (OR=2.16; p=0.010) and clean water facilities (OR=2.10, p=0.022) were the factors
Conclusion: There was association between individual hygiene, risk of clean water facilities and the prevalence of acute diarrhea in under fives.
Keywords: acute diarrhea, risk factors, underfives
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-03-03 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3413
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3414
2014-02-10T03:04:28Z
bkm:ART
"120604 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Mohammad Hakimi, Tunjung Wibowo, Noordiati
Sensitivity and Responsiveness of Mothers’ Parenting Influence
The Preschool Child Development
Background: It is estimate that more than 200 million children in developing countries are exposed to risk for poverty, malnutrition, poor health and lack of stimulation in the home environment that influence the failure of their optimum development. Sensitivity and responsiveness of mothers’ parenting are major factors for the achievement of their children neurophysiological, physical and psychological development of children and major representation of parenting behavior related to positive development and child health in the future.
Objective: To know sensitivity and responsiveness of mothers’ parenting influenced the preschool child development at Subdistrict of Pahandut Palangkaraya.
Methods: A cross sectional study was done towards 143 mothers’ and 60-72 months children from 12 kindergarten at subdistrict of Pahandut Palangkaraya using proportional random sampling. The study was analyzed using bivariate (chi square test).
Results: The result of the analysis showed sensitivity and responsiveness of mothers’ parenting showed significant association with child development. Child who have mothers’ parenting with hingh sensitivity and responsiveness that have 1.8 time greather than for not development delay.
Conclusion: Sensitivity and responsiveness of mothers’ rearing were associated with child development and health. Increasing sensitivity and responsiveness of mothers’ rearing such as increased interaction of mothers and children, development stimulation, supportive home environment, child care and nutrition fulfillment would help children achieve optimum development potential.
Keywords: sensitivity, responsiveness, child development, mothers’ parenting, preschool children
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-03-03 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3414
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3415
2014-02-10T03:04:28Z
bkm:ART
"120604 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
T. Djama, Ova Emilia, Mubasysyir Hasanbasri, Nuzliati
The Utilization of Childbirth Assistance Provided By Health Professionals By Participants of Health Care Insurance Program for Poor Community
Background: The proportion of childbirth assisted by skilled health professionals is still 68.4%. Monetary crisis
which happened in 1997 still has influence in the increasing health cost which limits access of poor community
to health services. Major problems of health service for poor community are cost and transportation.
Objective: To find out the increase of the utilization of childbirth assistance provided by health professionals by participants of health care insurance program for poor community and assesses factors affecting the utilization of childbirth assistance provided by health professionals.
Methods: The study was a cross sectional observation which used both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Participation in the health insurance for poor community as independent variable and childbirth attended by health professionals as dependent variable were simultaneously observed. Samples of the study were 104 mothers who gave birth in 2006. Quantitative analysis used univariate analysis with frequency distribution, bivariate with chi square and multivariate with logistic regression test. Qualitative analysis used in-depth
interview.
Results: There was significant relationship between perception in health insurance for poor community and childbirth attended by health professionals (OR=4.23, 95%CI=1.43-12.47, p=0.00). Variables of transportation and availability of midwives had significant relationship with childbirth attended by health professionals (OR=4.5,95%CI=1.45-13.96, p=0.00) and OR=4.43, 95%CI=1.56-12.57, p=0.00). Length of time to reach health service facility for childbirth had no significant relationship with the utilization of childbirth attended health professionals.
Conclusion: Participants of health care insurance for poor community utilized childbirth assistance provided by health professionals more than those who were not participants. Other factors affecting the utilization of childbirth attended by health professionals were distance, transportation and availability of midwives at the service point. Transportation and availability of midwives at the service point were confounding variables of participation in health care insurance for poor community and childbirth provided by health professionals.
Keywords: childbirth attended by health professionals, program of health insurance for poor community
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-03-03 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3415
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3416
2014-02-10T03:04:29Z
bkm:ART
"120605 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Dhyanaputri, Th. Ninuk Sri Hartini, Susi Ari Kristina, I G.A. Sri
Perception of Mothers, Teachers and Health Practitioners about Obesity in Kindergarten Children
Background: Obesity has become a global epidemic. Programs for preventing and treating obesity in children required good cooperation from many parties. Threat perception of obesity in children, also the benefit and barriers in efforts regarding prevention and treatment of obesity were important features in determining involvement of mothers, teachers, and health practitioners in preventing and treating obesity in children.
Objective: To explore perception of mothers, teachers, and health practitioners regarding obesity in the effort of preventing and treating obesity in kindergarten students in Denpasar City, Bali Province.
Methods: This study use qualitative methods and involved 24 subjects, consisting of 19 mothers of kindergarten students, 2 kindergarten teachers, and 3 health practitioners. Data collection was conducted by doing Focus Group Discusion (FGD) in mothers, and also in-depth interview for mothers, teachers, and health practitioners. Further observation for school environment, measurement of the children’s nutritional status, food frequency, food record and activity record were also carried out. To ensure the validity of data collected, triangulation,
member checking, debriefing and rich data were done. Data analysis was performed by using thematic analysis.
Results: Mothers, teachers, and health practitioners felt that all children were vulnerable to obesity. Negative perception of obesity from mothers and teachers caused the obesity to be considered as unserious problems. Mothers who knew the effect of obesity on health, had relatives with history of degenerative diseases, and had previous obnoxious experience with obesity; worried about obesity in children. The lack of information collected by mothers and the many obstacles found regarding ways to prevent and treat obesity in children, cause mothers not to be able to do the efforts of preventing and treating obesity in children.
Conclusion: Perception to threat of obesity in children was affected by perception of mothers, teachers, and health practitioners on vulnerability of children and seriousness of obesity threat to children. Perception of having bigger obstacle as compared to advantages, make mothers failed in doing preventive and treating efforts for obesity in children.
Keywords: obesity, kindergarten students, perception of obesity in children, Denpasa
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-03-03 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3416
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3417
2014-02-10T03:04:29Z
bkm:ART
"120605 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Indriani, Anis Fuad, Hari Kusnanto, Citra
Spatial-Temporal Pattern Comparison Between Chikungunya
Outbreak And Dengue Hemmorhagic Fever Incidence
At Kota Yogyakarta 2008
Background: Explosive re-emergence of chikungunya fever has been started since 2004 and affected millions people in worldwide i.e. Indian Ocean, India, Europe, Asia including Indonesia. On January 2008, 59 new cases of chikungunya fever was reported by the Kota Yogyakarta health office meanwhile the province laboratory had no capability to perform laboratory examination to confirm the diagnosis. Control measures were already taken, but it seemed not effective, cases were spread and increased progressively by weeks and non-vector born disease which has similar sign and symptoms was thought to be the cause. Based on the same vector with
dengue hemorrhagic fever transmission, an ecological approach using GIS was taken to compare the spatial-temporal pattern between chikungunya and DHF.
Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the spatial-temporal pattern between chikungunya fever outbreak and dengue hemorrhagic fever incidence.
Method: This study was use ecological study approach which uses integrated GIS, remote sensing and statistic technique. We collected total of 802 chikungunya and 498 dengue cases in ten months (November 2007 – August 2008) and secondary data on environmental variable includes population density, vegetation density, building density, land use, larvae index and climate. Location of cases was obtained using GPS. Epidemic curve were plotted to identify the disease trend. Space time permutation was used to identify disease clustering.
Result: Temporal trend analysis show similarity pattern between chikungunya and DHF, increasing trend was found few weeks following heavy rain. There were positive correlations between diseases and population density, building density. Chikungunya and DHF cases were tended to occur in residential land use which close to the commercial land use. Spatial-temporal clustering was observed on both diseases demonstrating variation in local infection pattern. There was similarity on disease cluster occurrence between chikungunya and DHF
Conclusion: We show spatial-temporal pattern similarity between chikungunya outbreak and dengue hemorrhagic incidence, nevertheless laboratory confirmation is important and should be provided. This study provides useful information for urban public health management. Further study is needed to develop model in vector born early warning system using GIS and remote sensing.
Keywords: dengue, chikungunya, GIS, spatial-temporal pattern, environmental epidemiology
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-03-03 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3417
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3418
2014-02-10T03:04:29Z
bkm:ART
"120605 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Rahmaning Widi, Nyoman Kertia, Deddy Nur Wachid, Rofi
The Relationship between Social Support and the Degree of
Pain in Patient with Acute Phase of Gout Arthritis
Background: Pharmacological therapies currently used for pain relief in patient with acute phase of gout arthritis often cause serious side effects, such as gastrointestinal bleeding and disturbance of kidney or liver function. The psychological stress is able to increase the pain severity. Some researches conclude that the social support is able to decrease the pain. Other than pharmacological treatment it should be necessary to address the social support in management of patients with acute phase of gout arthritis.
Objective: The objective of this research is to determine the extent to which the relationship between social support on the degree of pain in patients with acute phase of gout arthritis.
Method: This research used a cross sectional design. There were 21 patients with acute phase of gout arthritis recruited in this research. The questioner of social support and the visual analogue scale were used in this research. Analysis of the relationship of social support and the degree of pain used Pearson correlation.
Result: The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the social support and the degree of pain (r = - 0.437 and p = 0.047) in patients with acute phase of gout arthritis.
Conclusion: This study showed that the higher the social support, the lower the degree of pain in patients with acute phase of gout arthritis.
Keywords: social support, degree of pain, acute phase of gout arthritis
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2011-03-03 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3418
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 27, No 1 (2011)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3455
2014-02-12T01:23:21Z
bkm:ART
"100629 2010 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Rahayu, Tri Baskoro, Bambang Wahyudi, Misti
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) disease is caused by dengue virus transmitted through the bites of Ae.aegypti. At Surabaya Municipality DHF cases are increasing within the last five years. Risk factors for the prevalence of DHF are among others: 1) occupancy density, 2) availability of water tank, and 3) population behavior such as securing/keeping water tank closed, draining water tank once a week and burrying used items, sleeping in the morning and afternoon, leaving windows open from morning to evening.
Objective: To identify association between three risk factors as mentioned above and the prevalence of DHF disease at Subdistrict of Sawahan, Surabaya Municipality.
Method: The study was analytic observational with cohort design, involving as many as 1,092 samples of houses and 4,549 respondents from three councils at Subdistrict of Sawahan. To identify the prevalence of DHF disease, interview with respondents and direct examination were made within three subsequent months. To identify distribution of respondents and the prevalence of DHF disease, analysis was made descriptively. Chi square test was made to identify association between exposure and the prevalence of DHF disease and Risk Relative (RR) measurement was made to identify degree of association.
Result: Occupancy density statistically had no association with the prevalence of DHF disease p=0.269 and RR=1.242). Availability of waste water sewage with high status of Maya Index Statistically had no association with the prevalence of DHF disease (p=1.000 and RR=1.028). Behavior of the population in keeping water tank closed, draining water once a week and burying used items p= 1.000 and RR=1.003; opening windows from morning to evening p=1.000 and RR=1.003; sleeping in the morning p=0.163 and RR=2.041; sleeping in the afternoon p=1.000 and RR=0.814; and opening windows p=1.000 and RR=1.042 showed no association with the prevalence of DHF disease.
Conclusion: Factors of occupancy density, availability of water tank based on Maya Index (MI) and population behavior had no association with the prevalence of DHF disease at Subdistrict of Sawahan, Surabaya Municipality.
Keywords: occupancy density, Maya Index, dengue hemorrhagic fever, behavior
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-29 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3455
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3456
2014-02-12T01:23:21Z
bkm:ART
"100629 2010 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Lewa, I Dewa Putu Pramantara, Th. Baning Rahayujati, Abdul Farid
Background: Elderly period is the final period of development in human life cycle. One reaches elderly period when he or she is >60 years old. US Census Bureau in WHO Report projects that in 2000-2030 world population of >60 years old will increase from 6.9% to 12.0% with the biggest increase in developing countries. Isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) is an important cardiovascular risk factor in the elderly as indicated from systolic blood pressure >140mmHg and diastolic pressure <90mmHg. One of causes of increasing blood pressure in the elderly population is ISH. Its prevalence and incidence increase in line with increasing age and it is estimated that 55% of population will have hypertension at the age of 60 years and 65% at the age of > 70 years. In elderly population with hypertension 65% of them have ISH.
Objective: The study aimed to identify risk factors of ISH among the elderly at Kalibawang, District of Kulon Progo, Province of Yogyakarta Special Territory.
Method: The study was observational with case control study design. Subject of the study were elderly of >60 years old based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subject consisted of 238 people comprising 119 cases and 119 controls. Analysis used chi square test (X2) at significance 95% and multiple logistic regression to identify dominant factors in the prevalence of ISH.
Result: Variables of smoking habit, psychosocial stress and physical activity were risk factors for the prevalence of ISH in the elderly at Kalibawang where by smoking habit OR =3.353 (95% CI 1.375-8.172); psychosocial stress OR = 2.449 (95% CI 1,408-4,260) and less physical activity, OR =1.970 (95% CI 1.110-3.495).
Conclusion: Smoking habit (OR=3.35), psychosocial stress (OR=2.44) and less physical activity (OR=1.97) where as obesity was not risk factor for the prevalence of ISH.
Keywords: Risk factors, isolated systolic hypertension, elderly
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-29 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3456
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3457
2014-02-12T01:23:22Z
bkm:ART
"100629 2010 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Pujiyanti, Ira Paramastri, Atik Triratnawati, Aryani
Background: Active community participation in controlling mosquito breeding sites (Pemberantasan Sarang Nyamuk/PSN) in Semarang especially apart from epidemic situation was difficult to be formed as a habit. It was shown by the high incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever cases and the larva-free rate that haven’t met the national indicator of 95%. The lack of comprehension about DHF, vector and DHF prevention could be barriers in implementation of DHF prevention. This understanding was connected with local belief and social cultural factors in the community.
Objective: To explore housewife’s belief of Aedes mosquitoes that might affect DHF prevention practice in endemic sub district, Tembalang district, Semarang.
Method: Research was conducted with qualitative design, using case study. Subject of the study were 17 housewives which selected with purposive sampling. The data collection was carried out through focus group discussions, indepth interviews and observation. The techniques used to test data validity were triangulation and member checking method. Data were analyzed using content analysis approached.
Results: Housewives who had small children felt more vulnerable toward DHF. The community would tend to pay attention to the seriousness of the threat when DHF cases were increased in the community. Aedes sp was more perceived as a nuisance rather than disease vectors. Barriers that arise from PSN were the implementation that was not all together and PSN needed specific time and energy.
Conclusion: Housewives tend to use a biomedical model for understanding the causes, signs and treatment of critical stage of DHF. Housewives perception of Aedes could be explained by naturalistic model. PSN suggested by health practitioners was not suitable with cultural context. A program that could be suggested was a training of cadres to identify mosquito breeding sites, introduction of mosquito-stage development and the correct practice of 3M plus.
Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, belief, housewives, Aedes
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-29 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3457
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3458
2014-02-12T01:23:22Z
bkm:ART
"100629 2010 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Evareny, Mohammad Hakimi, Retna Siwi Padmawati, Lisma
Background: In Indonesia the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding in 2007 was 32%. Although breastfeeding is a common practice, exclusive breastfeeding remains unpracticed optimally due to some influential factors. One factor to be considered here is father’s role. However, until recently studies regarding father’s role in breastfeeding practice have not been fully explored in Indonesia. In Bukittinggi exclusive breastfeeding rate was 63,5% in 2008.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between the father’s role and breastfeeding practices in Bukittinggi Municipality.
Method: This was an observational study with cross-sectional study design. Subjects were families with babies aged 0 – 6 months using non probability sampling. The independent variable was the father’s role and the dependent variable was breastfeeding practices. Meanwhile, the extraneous variables included knowledge, attitude, mother’s occupation; father’s working hours in a day, and income. The data were analyzed using univariable analysis, bivariable analysis with chi-square test, and multivariable analysis with logistic regression.
Results: The result of multivariable analysis showed that there was a significant relationship between the father’s role and breastfeeding practice, by including father’s knowledge, mother’s knowledge, father’s attitude and mother’s attitude that could predict by 12% (RP= 1.93; 95% CI= 1.36 – 2.74).
Conclusion: The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding practices in the supporting father group was greater than in the group that non-supporting father. The recommendations are that fathers should be targeted audience in the breastfeeding promotion.
Keywords: father’s role, breastfeeding practices
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-29 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3458
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3459
2014-02-12T01:23:22Z
bkm:ART
"100629 2010 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Faridah, Faridah
Background: Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) is one of the strategies to improve quality of services for unhealthy infants and children under five years who visit to a health center. To support that program, in June 2008, training of the program was conducted to 42 health centers in Surabaya City in which 23 health centers had implemented the program. Coverage of infants and children under five years who were handled by the program was equal to 10%. The achievement of the work performance could not be separated from the officer’s work motivation of the Integrated Management of Sick Children under Five Years.
Objective: to investigate the factors that influences the officer’s work motivation of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness in the health centers in Surabaya City in year 2009.
Method: This was an observational research with survey method and cross-sectional approach. The research instrument used a structured questionnaire which had been examined in terms of the validity and reliability. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis (Chi Square Test) and multivariate analysis (Logistic Regression Test). Number of sample was 42 respondents who worked as a doctor, a nurse, and a midwife at the health centers in Surabaya City.
Result: The result of this research showed that most of the respondents had poor perceptions to the compensation (54.8%), to the work condition (47.6%), to the policy (50.0%), to the supervision (42.9%), to the job (33.3%), and to the work motivation (54.8%). The result of bivariate analysis showed that variables of perception to the work condition, perception to the policy, and perception to supervision had a significant relationship with the officer’s work motivation at the health centers in Surabaya City (p < 0.05). Based multivariate analysis, it showed that variables of perception to the work condition (p value = 0.034 and Exp B = 5.500) and perception to the policy (p value = 0.003 and Exp B = 11.000) together influence the officer’s work motivation at the health centers in Surabaya City.
Conclusion: As a suggestion, in terms of the work condition, there should be provided some logistics (medicines, devices, forms, and KNI) before executing the program at the health centers. In terms of the policy, the head of the health centers should make a planning of activities and an understandable regulation. The head of the health centers and a team should make a standard operating procedure of the program.
Keywords: work motivation, Integrated Management of Childhood Illness, officer’s work, health centers
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-29 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3459
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3460
2018-01-30T05:22:45Z
bkm:ART
"100629 2010 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Rahmadiliyani, Nina
Hasanbasri, Mubasysyir
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2972-6916
Mediastuti, Fitriani
Background: Adolescent reproductive health program is a description form of the mission of National Family Planning Coordination Body’s Program (BKKBN), which is preparing early qualified human resources in order to create qualified family in 2015. In order to guarantee the rights of sexual and reproductive health youth provision, it is required an integrated and cross-sector effort. Reproductive health education activities that have been conducted in the schools is that health education is integrated into physical education and health lessons and biology.
Objectives: This study aims to know the satisfaction of the senior high school students to adolescent reproductive health’s counseling, to know the implementation of adolescent reproductive health counseling and find out the coordination of reproductive health high school adolescents by BKKBN.
Method: This research is experimental research with non-analytical with retrospective approach supported quantitative with qualitative methods.
Results: Analysis of univariable that students who are not satisfied with adolescent reproductive health’s counseling are important as 30 respondents, the least important of 30 respondents. Bivariable analysis is bivariate relationship between counseling and satisfaction is significantly proven (at 5% error level).
Conclusion: Counseling adolescent reproductive health in high school by BKKBN District Klaten not give satisfaction to the students. Implementation counseling adolescent reproductive health by BKKBN District Klaten not meet the needs of students, Espionage activities by BKKBN District Klaten program is still only knowledgeable about the needs of the urgency of adolescent reproduction, School has a new initiative to request assistance from the BKKBN but can not manage the service needs of adolescents. National Family Planning Coordination Body’s Program (BKKBN) is hoping to involve students in implementation strategy program to reach an effective activity.
Keywords: satisfaction, implementation, counseling, coordination
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-29 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3460
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3461
2014-02-12T01:23:22Z
bkm:ART
"100629 2010 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Djaswadi Dasuki, Tunjung Wibowo, Nurhayati
Background: Infant and under-five children mortality remains a major problem in Indonesia, especially caused by infectious diseases such as pneumonia. Based on the 2002-2003 Indonesia’s Demographic and Health Survey, infant and under-five mortality rates are 35 per 1000 live births and 46 per 1000 live births, respectively. Nationally, Health Office has implemented Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in primary health centers (PHCs) since 1997 to improve the coverage of pneumonia finding in under-five children. In 2005, infant mortality rate in Jambi Province was still high, that is, 41 per 1000 live births while infant mortality rate in Bungo District was 93 per 6108 live births 15,2%. Each year, there are 9 babies and 1 under five child that die and for the average there is one under five child (10%) who die because of pneumonia. In other words, there are three under five children who die every year in primary health center due to pneumonia. To avoid the death of infant and under five children, primary health center should implement standard IMCI program, yet in field it has still been facing obstacles and constraints.
Objective: To investigate the results of standard IMCI service toward the recovery of under-five pneumonia in primary health centers of Bungo District in 2007.
Method: This was a prospective cohort study. Sampling technique was purposive sampling. There were two groups in this study, namely case group which was exposed with the standard IMCI service and group which was exposed with non standard IMCI service. One hundred and twenty-four subjects were under-five children 2 months-5 years of age presenting pneumonia with α = 0.05 and β = 20%. Data were analyzed with univariable, bivariable, and multivariable analyses logistic regression and hypothesis test used was chi-square with p<0.05, CI 95%.
Results: There was a significant relationship between the standard IMCI service, the distance to the PHC and the mothers’ education and the recovery of under-five pneumonia (OR=3.14 CI 95%=1.59-6.21 p=0.00; OR=1.68 CI 95%=1.09-2.57 p=0.00; OR=0.57 CI 95%=0.35-0.92 p=0.02, respectively). However, family income had an insignificant relationship with under-five pneumonia.
Conclusion: The standard IMCI services have a greater chance toward the recovery of under-five pneumonia compared to non standard IMCI services.
Keywords: services, standard, IMCI, recovery, pneumonia, under-five children
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-29 00:00:00
"application/octet-stream"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3461
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 4 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3462
2014-02-12T01:56:38Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Arfan, Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Budi Wahyuni, Muhamad
Background: Reproductive health has not been fully incorporated into health education in the formal school system due to limited time allocation and teachers. Since media have become an inseparable part of adolescents’ life as more than just their peer, therefore, one alternative in educating adolescents on reproductive health is by using the E-file multimedia of ”The Information, Education and Communication Materials on Adolescent Reproductive Health”.
Objective: To examine the effectiveness of adolescent reproductive health E-file multimedia as a method of health education in improving adolescents’ knowledge on reproductive health.
Methods: The study was an experimental study designed using quasi experiment. Samples were selected by purposive sampling. Samples were 77 junior high school students. Data were analyzed using t test by applying multiple linear regressions in order to examine the difference in the average scores of adolescents’ knowledge on reproductive health.
Results: The average score of health education on reproductive health using multimedia electronic file was 4.31 at deviation standard 1.32 whereas using face to face method in the classroom was 2.5 with deviation standard 1.39. Average difference in both methods was 1.8 at 95% CI (1.19 – 2.42) and p=0.00 or p<0.05.
Conclusion: There was no difference between multimedia electronic file method and face to face method in improving knowledge of teenagers about reproductive health.
Keywords: health education, knowledge E-file, multimedia, adolescent reproductive health.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3462
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3463
2014-02-12T01:56:38Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Sawitri, Yanri Subronto, Sri Suryawati, Sagung
Background: HIV/AIDS prevalence among female sex workers (FSWs) tend to increase, at 1% in 1999 to 17% in 2008. Meanwhile, previous surveys showed the existence of alcohol consumption behavior among FSWs and their clients, which possibly influence the condom negotiation process among them.
Objective: To asses the role of alcohol consumption into condom negotiation process among FSWs and their clients.
Methods: Design study was cross sectional, involving 190 FSWs from 22 randomly selected clusters in Denpasar. FSWs were interviewed in their workplace using structured questionnaire, on some variables: demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption pattern, partner/clients characters, and condom negotiation process. Alcohol consumption was defining as either FSWs or the client has consumed alcohol before sexual intercourse. Condom negotiation process were build from 6 items of proposition and 5 items of responses, and were divided into effective and poor process. Those variables were analyzed using Chi-square test, followed by Logistic Regression.
Results and conclussions: Around 105 (55.3%) FSWs were consumming alcohol, 62.3% started <25 years, 64.8% has been consumming for >1 year, with three majority drinks were bir (95.2%), wine (34.3%), and arack (26.7%). More than half (54.8%) FSWs never drank >6 drinks and 41.3% has never been drunken with their clients. To new clients, alcohol consumption was proven to influence negotiation process scene 2 (PR 1.822, 95%CI 1.220-2.721), while to regular clients this role was potentially significant (PR 1.501, 95%CI 0.932-2.418). Multivariate analysis demonstrated consistent result among new clients, along with condom access but not with regular clients.
Keywords: FSWs, alcohol consumption, condom negotiation
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3463
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3464
2014-02-12T01:56:38Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Hari, Naning Roni, Wibowo Trisno Agung, Astuti Erwin
Background: World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 100 of 150 million world population suffer from asthma and the number increases 180,000 people a year. The prevalence of bronchial asthma at District of Boyolali is increasing over years. The prevalence was 1.1% in 2005; 1.5% in 2006; 1.5% in 2007 and 2.55% in 2008.
Objective: To identify association between exposure to smoke in the house, pets, living environment and social economic condition and the prevalence of asthma in children.
Methods: The study was analytic observational with a case control study design. Samples were as many as 234 children (117 cases and 117 control) taken with consecutive sampling technique. Location of samples were Mojosongo Health Center, Cepogo Health Center and Banyudono Hospital. Control were taken from the same location, i.e. children diagnosed not having asthma. Analysis used Chi Square and multiple logistic regression.
Results: The result of bivariate analysis showed score of kitchen smoke exposure was OR=2.33 and p=0.00; cigarette smoke exposure was OR=1.87 and p=0.03. Contact with pets (cats/dogs) showed OR=2.33 and p=0.01. Social economic condition showed OR=2.13 and p=0.01. Living environment showed OR=1.62 and p=0.09. The result of multivariate analysis showed exposure to kitchen smoke was p=0.00 and OR=2.36; exposure to cigarette smoke was p=0.02 and OR=1.98; contact with pets (cats/dogs) p=0.02 and OR=2.23;social economic condition was p=0.01 and OR=2.27.
Conclusion: Risk factors associated with the prevalence of bronchial asthma in children were exposure to kitchen smoke, cigarette smoke, contact with pets and social economic condition.
Keywords: bronchial asthma, risk factors, case control
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3464
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3465
2014-02-12T01:56:38Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Trisnaniyanti, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Citraningsih Y, Indah
Background: Banjarbaru municipality is a DHF endemic area because of the annual occurrence. From the year of 2001 up to 2007 there was always a number of people who was died because of the disease. Effort to control DHF by municipality health office of Banjarbaru was DHF promotion, early awareness on DHF and forming trained cadre of mosquito net control (PSN) of DHF. This was shown from the result of PJB from the year of 2002 up to 2007 and the average of AJB was under 95% and the incident rate of DHF was still up and down every year. The cadre of PSN DHF was expected could stimulate communities’ participation in order to implement the PSN so that DHF incident could be suppressed.
Objective: This research was aimed to find out the correlation of perception and activity of cadre of PSN DHF in DHF prevention and control in Banjarbaru municipality.
Methods: This was an observational research that used cross sectional design. The research variable consisted of independent variable that was internal factor (knowledge, age, education level, job) and external factor (information source, information media) and the confounding variable was perception on cadre of PSN DHF and the dependent variable was activity of PSN DHF cadre. The sample was taken with proportional random sampling and the analysis being used was univariate analysis and bivariate analysis with t test and regression linear was used to examine the correlation strength.
Results: The research result showed that respondent’s perception was already good (81,08%) and respondent’s activity was also good (77,36%). There was a significant correlation between respondent’s knowledge on DHF disease with perception of PSN DHF cadre (p<0,05) while age, education level and job did not have significant correlation with perception of PSN DHF cadre (p>0,05). There was an unsignificant correlation between analysis of information source and information media with perception of PSN DHF cadre (p>0,05). Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between cadre’s perception with cadre’s activity (p < 0,05).
Conclusion: Perception and activity of PSN DHF cadre in the municipality of Banjarbaru was already fine. There was a correlation between internal factor that was knowledge with cadre’s perception, while the other internal factor (age, education level, and job) did not have correlation with perception. External factor (information media and source of information) was not related with perception of PSN DHF cadre. Indeed, there was a correlation between perception and cadre’s activity.
Keywords: perception, activity, cadre of PSN DHF
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3465
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3466
2014-02-12T01:56:38Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Asthiningsih, Carla R. Marchira, Mariyono Sedyowinarso, Ni Wayan Wiwin
Background: The failure of the individual in adjusting to the demands of the problem or will make their lives are in stressful situations and disturbing emotions that will cause the individual response to these pressures. Individual response to a stressful situation depends on their control of the situation. This is usually called the locus of control. There are two types of locus of control in humans, namely internal locus of control and external locus of control. Individuals who possess an internal self-control, then the stress levels experienced lower so that the tendency to be a little depressed. The individual who has control of the external self, the stress levels experienced higher so that the tendency to experience depression will also be greater.
Objectives: To determine the relationship between the ability of self control (locus of control) with a tendency to depression in student program B PSIK FK UGM.
Methods: This study uses the method of non-experimental research with crosss sectional research design, using quantitative methods and descriptive correlation. To find relationships between variables using Pearson Product Moment correlation. Respondent of this study was students of program B PSIK FK UGM 2009/2010 school year.
Results: Out of 78 respondents indicated that locus of control most widely owned by students program B PSIK FK UGM is internal locus of control that is 80.8%. In addition the research also found no depression was 82.1%, mild depression was 12.8%, and depression was 5.1%. The relationship between the ability of locus of control with a tendency to depression in student program B PSIK FK UGM was showed with value of r = 0.702 (p=0.001).
Conclusion: There was signif icant relationship between the ability of locus of control with tendency to depression in student program B PSIK FK UGM.
Keywords: locus of control, depression, PSIK students
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3466
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3467
2014-02-12T01:56:39Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Masli, Agus Suwarni, Suharman, Jonneri
Background: The coverage of family toilet at Sub District of Panti is still relatively low (20.28%), morbidity from diarrhea is relatively high (8.89%) and outbreak sometimes occurs in this area. An effort that has been made by Pasaman District Health Office to widen the coverage of family toilet and minimize morbidity from diarrhea at Sub District of Panti is encouraging community participation in the provision of family toilet through Community Lead Total Sanitation (CLTS). However, the result is still far from the expectation. This may be due to limited knowledge, attitude, education, income and participation of the community in the provision of family toilet through CLTS.
Objectives: To identify factors related to community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS at Sub District of Panti, District of Pasaman.
Methods: This was a quantitative approach research cross sectional design. Location of the study was Subdistrict of Panti, District of Pasaman. Subject of the study were heads of the family participating in CLTS activities. The variable employed in this research of knowledge, attitude, education, and income; and was community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS. Data analysis used univariable, bivariable with chi square and multivariable with logistic regression.
Results: The result of the study showed that there was relationship between knowledge, attitude and income of respondents and participation (p<0.05), whereas education had no relationship with participation (p>0.05). Out of the three factors related to community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS, attitude was most dominant with p=0.000 and â=0.273 and OR=5.3.
Conclusion: Knowledge, attitude and income of respondents had significant relationship with community participation in the provision of family toilet through CLTS and attitude was the most dominant.
Keywords: participation, community lead total sanitation, family toilet
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3467
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3468
2014-02-12T01:56:39Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Desanti, IM. Sunarsih, Supriyati, Ophi Indria
Background: Breast cancer is the main cause of death due to cancer at Semarang City. Breast cancer can be detected through breast self-examination. Perceptions about about benefit as well as perception about constraints of breast self-examination affect behavior of breast self-examination. This study is carried out to women with relatively high risk of having breast cancer.
Objective: The study aimed to identify perception of women with risk of breast cancer about breast self-examination and identify relationship between that perception and behavior of breast self-examination.
Methods: This was an analytical study with cross sectional design. Samples consisted of 384 women with risk of breast cancer at 10 villages of Semarang City taken with multistage random sampling method. Data were obtained through questionnaire of perception and behavior of breast self-examination of respondents that had got ethical clearance from Ethical Commission Council of Gadjah Mada University. Data analysis used chi-square and logistic regression.
Results: Only 52.3% of respondents had breast self-examination. As much as 25.2% had positive perception about the benefit of doing breast-self examination; and 70.1% had negative perception about constraints of breast self-examination. Variables of perception about benefit (p=0.022) and about constraints (p=0.015) had relationship with behavior of breast self-examination. The result of logistic regression test showed that variables that were significant were confounding variables, i.e. level of knowledge (p=0.037), education (p=0.009) and information about breast self-examination (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Variables related to behavior of breast self-examination were confounding variables, i.e. level of knowledge, education, and information about breast self-examination.
Keywords: breast cancer, perception, breast self-examination
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3468
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 3 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3469
2014-02-12T02:17:17Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Patriani, Ira Paramastri, M. Agus Priyanto, Ana Adina
Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is one of the main causes of morbidity, a leading cause of death and disability in worldwide. In addition COPD imposes a significant burden in terms of disability and impaired quality of life. COPD is projected to increase in much of the world as smoking frequencies rise, the population ages and the contribution in door and out door air pollution. Pulmonary rehabilitation program has been shown in improving quality of life patients with COPD. The success of pulmonary rehabilitation program was influenced by patient’s motivation and support by family members. The family empowerment through training on pulmonary rehabilitation was expected could improve knowledge and skill of the family members of COPD patients and in turn could improve the development of pulmonary function to COPD patients.
Objectives: Assess the influence of family empowerment through training on pulmonary rehabilitation in improving the knowledge and skill of family members on pulmonary rehabilitation.
Methods: This research was quasi-experimental study by pre and post test with control group design. Subject of the research were 63 family members that was selected randomly. The subject divided into experimental groups (31) and control groups (32). Data collected was conducted by using questionnaires of knowledge and check lists of skill. Data analysis used paired t-test and independent sample t-test with significant level of p=0,05.
Results: Level of education, age, knowledge and skill about pulmonary rehabilitation before intervention were not significantly different. After get training on pulmonary rehabilitation, improvement of knowledge and skill in the intervention group was significantly (p<0,05). There was significant difference on knowledge and skill between intervention group with control group. Module has function to resist the family knowledge and skill one month after training.Conclusions: Training pulmonary rehabilitation on family members to COPD patient can improve knowledge and skill about COPD and pulmonary rehabilitation.
Keywords: COPD, pulmonary rehabilitation, family empowerment
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3469
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 2 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3470
2014-02-12T02:17:17Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Dewi, Mohammad Hakimi, Agung Suhadi, Vonny Khresna
Background: Vitamin A deficiency remains a major nutritional problem in Indonesia. Based on the survey on Vitamin A in 1992, the prevalence of Vitamin A deficiency, among others, of xerophthalmia is about 0.33. A high dose of Vitamin A supplementation for post partum mothers is considered as one solution of reducing Vitamin A deficiency. National guide recommends that 100% of post partum mothers receive one capsule of high dose of Vitamin A; however, data from Nutrition and Health surveillance System (NSS) shows that some rovinces in Indonesia still have low coverage of Vitamin A supplementation, that is, only about 15-25%. In fact, until November 2006 the coverage of Vitamin A supplementation in Tapin District, South Kalimantan, was 33.69.
Objectives: To investigate the relationship between village midwifes’ role and the coverage of Vitamin A supplementation for post partum mothers.
Methods: This was an observational study with cross sectional study design. Subjects were 62 village midwifes’ in Tapin District, South Kalimantan Province.
Results: There was a significant relationship between village midwifes’ role and the achievement of Vitamin A supplementation for post partum mothers. This means that the good role of village midwifes would increase the achievement of Vitamin A supplementation coverage almost five times higher than the bad one. This was proven by chi-square statistical test with RP 4.55, CI 95% 1.42-14.56 and p=0,003.
Conclusions: There is a significant relationship between village midwifes’ role and the achievement of Vitamin A supplementation coverage for post partum mothers, so that midwifes’ role should better be scaled up to improve maternal and child health.
Keywords: Role, village midwifes, Vitamin A coverage, post partum mothers.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3470
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 2 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3471
2014-02-12T02:17:18Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Soewadi, Dibyo Pramono, Erlina
Background: According to the survey on mental disorder as many as 44.6 per 1000 Indonesian population in 1995 had serious mental disorder such as schizophrenia. This shows significant increase if compared to data of 1980 whereby only 1 – 2 per 1000 Indonesian population were schizophrenic. In Prof. HB. Saanin Mental Hospital Padang 2007 the number of outpatient visits at organic mental disorder polyclinic were as many as 10,812 people with 5397 people (49.9) were schizophrenic patients.
Objectives: To identify factors affecting the prevalence of schizophrenia among outpatients at Prof. HB. Saanin Mental Hospital Padang Sumatera Barat.
Methods: This was a case control study with patients of 17.35 years old visiting organic mental disorder polyclinic of Prof. HB. Saanin Mental Hospital Padang as population. Samples were taken using non probability sampling with fixed disease sampling technique. Data analysis used bivariable method with simple logistic statistical test; multivariable method with logistic regression statistical test to measure the relationship between psychosocial, socio cultural and socio demographic factors and the prevalence of schizophrenia. Relationship among variables was measured using OR with CI 95% and p=0.05.
Results: Factors related to the incidence of schizophrenia at organic mental disorder polyclinic of Prof. HB. Saanin Mental Hospital Padang based on bivariable analysis were sex (OR=2.37 (95%CI; 1.14 – 4.96), occupation OR=4.33 (95%CI; 1.85-10.29), failure to achieve ideals OR=2.82 (95%CI; 1.38 – 5.78), family rearing pattern OR=1.71 (95%CI; 0.85 – 3.44), economic status OR=6.000 (95%CI; 2.52 – 14.60), on multivariabel analysis the most dominant factor affecting the incidence of schizophrenia were economic status OR=7,482 (95%CI; 2.852 – 19.657), p=0.000.
Conclusions: There was significant effect of sex, occupational and social economic factors to the incidence of schizophrenia and non schizophrenia. Family rearing pattern was not the greatest factor that affected the prevalence of schizophrenia.
Keywords: schizophrenia, psychological factors, socio cultural factors, socio demographic factors
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3471
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 2 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3472
2014-02-12T02:17:18Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Djaswadi Dasuki, Yayi Suryo, Hapisah
Background: Low birth weight (LBW) poses the biggest contribution toward neonatal mortality and has long- term health consequences for a child. A psychological condition with depressive disorders in pregnant women affects indirectly the risk of LBW. Previous studies show that there have been different arguments about the effect of depressive symptoms toward birth weight.
Objective: To investigate the relationship between pregnant women’s depressive symptoms and low birth weight.
Method: This was an observational study with an unmatched case control study design. The case was women presenting LBW, including preterm, intra uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and the control was women presenting normal birth weight (> 2.500 grams) with comparison of 1:2. Data were analyzed with univariable analysis, bivariable analysis using chi-square test and multivariable analysis using logistic regression.
Results: Proportion of pregnant women’s depressive symptom was 2.8 greater in women presenting LBW than those presenting normal birth weights (>2.500 grams). Pregnant women experiencing depressive symptoms were significantly related to low birth weight (OR=2.8; CI 95%=1.1-7.2). Meanwhile, proportion of history of ANC < 4 times, history of LBW, poor family economic status and disease during pregnancy was greater in women presenting LBW than those presenting normal birth weights (> 2.500 grams).
Conclusion: The proportion of pregnant women’s depressive symptoms was likely to be greater in women delivering babies with LBW than in women delivering babies with normal weight (> 2.500 grams). Pregnant women experiencing depressive symptoms were significantly related to low birth weight. Meanwhile, history of ANC < 4 times, history of LBW, poor family economic status and disease during pregnancy were significantly related to low birth weight.
Keywords: depressive symptoms, pregnant women, LBW
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3472
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 2 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3473
2014-02-12T02:17:18Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Kurniawati, Sri Warsini, Carla Raymondalexas Marchira, Dyah Esti
Background: A student is one group that is vulnerable to abuse alcohol, tobacco and addictive substances. The level of risk dependence on the use of alcohol, tobacco and addictive substances vary and can be identified through screening using the ASSIST.
Objectives: To determine the involvement of the picture using alcohol, tobacco and addictive substances in the Faculty of Engineering students D3 UGM.
Methods: This study is a descriptive type of research uses cross-sectional design. This study population was all students D3 UGM Faculty of Engineering who never use alcohol, tobacco and addictive substances during his lifetime. Respondent of the study are 86 students of the Faculty of Engineering D3 UGM batch 2008. Data was collected using Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Test (ASSIST). Study was done in August and September 2009.
Results: The type of addictive substances consumed by the majority of students D3 UGM Faculty of Engineering are other addictive substances (88.37%), cigarettes (69.77%) and alcohol (29.07) whereas that is never consumed cocaine, amphetamine type stimulants , hallucinogens and opioids. All students D3 UGM Faculty of Engineering is using these addictive substances in the last 3 months.
Conclusion: The level of use of tobacco dependence risk, inhalant, cannabis, sedatives and other addictive substances (coffee or tea) at the Faculty of Engineering students D3 UGM Force in 2008 the majority of categories were, for the use of alcohol while the majority is in the low category.
Keywords: screening, alcohol, cigarettes, addictive substances, students
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3473
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 2 (2010)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3474
2014-02-12T02:17:18Z
bkm:ART
"120629 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Febryana, Hasti Apriyanti, Migi Pradysta K., Gina Anindyajati, Aike Karunia P.P, Emy
Background: Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is currently still one of the main health problems in the Indonesian community with increasing number of patients each year. The primary preventive measure for this disease is the 3M method (Drain, Bury and Cover/Close). This program can be assessed by evaluating the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of the community towards the disease. Every year, Gedongtengen District records one of the highest numbers of cases of DHF in Yogyakarta.
Objective: To investigate the trend in knowledge, attitude and behavior towards DHF between Sosromenduran and Pringgokusuman Sub districts in Yogyakarta.
Method: This research was a quantitative descriptive study conducted at Home Residents (Rumah Warga) 04 and 06 of Sosromenduran Sub district and Home Residents (Rumah Warga) 03 of Pringgokusuman Sub district. Thirteen respondents from Sosromenduran Sub district dan 35 from Pringgokusuman Sub district were enrolled. To obtain the primary data, questionnaires were randomly distributed to the respondents which fulfill the sampling criteria. The respondents must be a family member or the head of the family residing of each sub district, age >15 years old. The social economic status, occupation, sex and level of education are not discerned in this study. The correlation between variables was analyzed using Pearson or Spearman correlation test.
Result: There is similarity in demographic characteristic between respondents of Sosromenduran and Pringgokusuman Sub districts. Knowledge with attitude of respondents have a negative correlation at Sosromenduran Sub district and positive at Pringgokusuman Sub district (r=-0,019; r=0,521). Knowledge with behavior have a negative correlation at Sosromenduran and Pringgokusuman Sub districts respectively (r= -0,139; r=-0,064). Attitude with behavior have a positive correlation at Sosromenduran and Pringgokusuman Sub districts respectively (r=0,315; r=0,05).
Conclusion: The correlation between knowledge with behavior and attitude with behavior of respondents is not different from both sub districts. The correlation between knowledge with attitude of respondents is different from both sub districts.
Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, 3M, knowledge, attitude, behavior
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3474
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 2 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3475
2014-02-12T02:33:57Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Ceria Anindita, Carla Raymondalexas Marchira, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Yohana Prima
Background: As the world rates of breast cancer have increased, there has been a growing awareness of psychological effect of diagnosis and treatment and its role in the outcome of chronic disorders. Radiotherapy for breast cancer is an intense and cyclic treatment associated wi th number of side-ef fects. The sociodemographic factors of age, gender, marital status, education, immigrant status, income and insurance have consistently been identified as important factors in explaining the variability in distress, anxiety, depression prevalence rates.
Objective: To evaluate the effect of radiotherapy on distress, anxiety and depression among breast cancer patients based on sociodemographic factors.
Methods: Screening tools for measuring distress of National Comprehensive Cancer Network and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) was used to evaluate breast cancer patients. A descriptive study using a cross sectional design performed in Radiotherapy Division of RSUP Dr. Sardjito and breast cancer patients were asked to complete the DIC and HADS after radiotherapy. Participants were 30 patients in RSUP Dr. Sardjito.
Result: Education level was the only factor found significantly to influence depression status, depression status were different based on education level (p=0.019), high education level had less depression status. A significant, moderate correlation was obtained between distress and depression scores ( r = 0.561**, p =0.001).
Conclusions: There is a difference on depression status based on education level in breast cancer patients who got radiotherapy. A significant, moderate correlation was obtained between distress and depression scores.
Keywords: distress, anxiety, depression, breast cancer patients, radiotherapy, screening tools for measuring distress of National Comprehensive Cancer Network, the HADS questionnaires, sociodemographic factors.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3475
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3476
2014-02-12T02:33:57Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Juliawan, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, T. Ninuk S. Hartini, Dudut Eko
Background: Recently, the infant mortality rate in West Nusa Tenggara is remaining high which is 77 per 1,000 birth lives. This number is above national rates (35 per 1,000 birth lives). The maternal mortality rate is also high, which is 370 per 100,000 births, and is above national rates 307 per 100,000 births. While the literate rate is still under national rate. Degree of community health that has been worse was worsening through outbreak malnutrition in 2005. Malnutrition can be prevented through posyandu activity. Growth monitoring and promotion of children under five years old in posyandu can detect case of malnutrition early.
Objective: The study was aimed to know how execution of programmed of growth monitoring and promotion of children under five years old in posyandu in Mataram municipality was undertaken.
Method: This was a qualitative study. Forty eight informants participated in this study. Informants consisted of 14 mother of children under five years, 10 cadres, 5 leaders of community, 11 staff of community health centre (puskesmas), 7 members of Mataram posyandu operational working group (pokjanal posyandu) and 1 staff provincial health office. Location of the study was in Mataram municipality. Subjects were chosen purposively at three sub district that were Ampenan, Cakranegara and Mataram. Data were collected by in depth interview, focus group discussion and observation. Triangulation on methods and informants/source were used in assessing the trustworthiness of data. Data analysis was carried out through data transcript, open coding, axial coding,data presentation and making conclusion.
Result: Mothers of children under five years old with low education and low income did not comprehend meaning growth of child, so they were unable to prevent malnutrition. Growth monitoring and promotion of children under five years old has not been carried out well, particulary at desk 3th (weighing measurement) and desk 4th (counseling). Cadres have not had capacity to detect malnutrition, that may caused by lack of training. Staff of puskesmas had so much work so that they did not work properly in delivering posyandu.
Conclusion: Growth monitoring and promotion programmed of child under five years old has not been carried out well, low work performance of cadre and puskesmas staff and lack of supervision.
Keywords: malnutrition, posyandu, growth monitoring, mother of children under five years old.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3476
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3477
2014-02-12T02:33:57Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Silaban, Gerry
Background: The membership of employees in Accident Benefit Program and occupational health and safety implementation at workplace are business-owner responsibility. Business group type III as the member of Employment Accident Benefit Program when not performing accident prevention efforts will not be expected to decrease employment accident to zero and it implicates in the escalation of employment accident claims.
Method: The research periods were 4 months (April – August 2006) and located at PT Jamsostek Medan branch. Survey research with correlation setting was used as research method. The research samples involves 105 enterprises from business group type III as the member of Employment Accident Benefit Program at PT Jamsostek Medan Branch, which their employees experiencing employment accident during one year (January 1st until December 31st 2005), and being reported to PT Jamsostek Medan Branch and receives employment accident benefit. The research data that consist of number of employment accident and employment accident benefit were collected from Employment Accident Report Phase I (Jamsostek Form 3) and Employment Accident Report Phase II (Jamsostek Form 3a), and number of employee membership data of Accident Benefit Program at PT Jamsostek Medan Branch. Spearman’s product moment correlation was used to analyze data.
Results: There is a significant relationship (p <0.01) between number of employees membership in Employment Accident Benefit Program and number of employment accident, regression coefficient was (r) = 0.258. There is strongly significant relationship (p < 0.01) between number of employment accident and number of employment accident benefit, correlation coefficient was (r) = 0.641.
Conclusion: To reduce number of employment accident and employment accident benefit, business group type III must performs the occupational health and safety in order to generate healthy and safety workplace and to comply the occupational health And safety regulation. PT Jamsostek was expected to actively participating and continued supporting the occupational health and safety implementation by enterprises as the membership of Employment Accident Benefit Program and cooperates with Local Manpower Institution which also assigned on developing and supervising the occupational health and safety implementation.
Keywords: membership of employees in the Employment Accident Benefit Program, employment accident, employment accident benefit
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3477
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3478
2014-02-12T02:33:57Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Ida Yustina, Kenderwis
Background: Commercial sex workers is one of high risk group in spreading of HIV/AIDS. In Langkat District, till October 2007 there were 7 cases AIDS reported from prostitutes.
Objectives: The purpose of the study was to analyze the influence of their predisposing factors (knowledge and attitude), enabling factors (complexity of condom, availability of condom, customer’s comfort) and reinforcing factors (family, Non-Government Organization/NGO, health workers, opinion leader) on commercial sex workers bargaining power in using condom.
Methods: This was an explanatory survey which was conducted in Langkat District towards 104 commercial sex workers in 2008. Data collected by interview using questionaire; were processed by using multiple regressions.
Result and Conclusion: The result of study showed that 70,2% of the commercial sex workers bargaining power in asking their customers to use condom were in bad category. The result of multiple regression analysis showed that 85,6% of the commercial sex workers bargaining power to ask their customers to use condom can be explained by the knowledge and attitude of the commercial sex workers, complexity of condom, customer’s comfort, and Non Governmental Organization.
Keywords: bargaining power, commercial sex workers, condom
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3478
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3479
2014-02-12T02:33:58Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Prasetyastuti, Prasetyastuti
Background: Estrogen has an important role in bone metabolism. The hypoestrogenemia condition occurring in postmenopausal women may affect bone metabolism. The mechanism action of estrogen to prevent the activity of osteoclast in bone resorption was mediated especially by estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1). The PvuII polymorphism that occurs in ESR1 gene may alter their expression and function.
Objectives: the aim of this research was to determine the difference of serum calcium and phosphate level in postmenopausal women with PvuII polymorphism of the Estrogen receptor alpha gene
Method: This was cross sectional design. The subjects are postmenopausal women 50-70 year old .Twenty seven subject divided into two group, group I consisted of 15 women with genotype PP,Pp and group II consisted of 12 with genotype pp. polymorphism were assessed by Polymerase Chain Reaction Restriction Fragmen Length Polymorphism(PCR-RFLP) technique. Determination of serum calcium and phosphate level used spectrophotometer. The data was analyzed with Independent sample t-test.
Results: The serum calcium level are 8,15 ± 1,35 mg/dl and 8,13 ± 1,58 mg/dl in genotype PP,Pp and pp respectively. The serum phosphate level are 3,8 ± 0,47 mg/dl and 4,24 ± 0,86 mg/dl in genotype PP,Pp and pp respectively
Conclusion: there were no statistically significant differences in serum calcium and phosphate level among genotype PP,Pp with pp ESRI gene(p>0,05) PvuII polymorphism of ESRI gene did not influence serum calcium and phosphate level in postmenopausal women.
Keywords: postmenopausal women, estrogen receptor polymorphism, serum calcium, serum phosphate
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3479
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3480
2014-02-12T02:33:58Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Fathonah, Purwanta, Putu Oka Yuli N, Septiana
Background: Malaria kills approximately 1 million children each year and also a major cause of illness, health care visited, and hospitalizations in part of the world. In children malaria will interfere growth and development. At 2007, in Kelurahan Hargotirto and Hargowilis, there were 22 cases of malaria of 94 cases of malaria found in Kabupaten Kulonprogo. The first line of defence against malaria infection is personal protection toward mosquito bites.
Objective: This study analyzed the correlation between mother knowledges and attitudes in avoiding anopheline mosquito bites in Kelurahan Hargotirto and Hargowilis Kecamatan Kokap Kabupaten Kulonprogo.
Method: This study was cross-sectional. Data collection method used questionnaire. Samples were gathered by combination between cluster and systematic random sampling.The sample size in this study was 87 people. The data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analyses. Univariat analyses produced frequency distribution of respondents and describes dependent and independent variables. This study used Kolmogorov-Smirnov comparison test. Bivariate analysis used Rank Correlation Test (Spearman).
Result: Bivariate analysis results show that knowledge has a significant correlation with avoiding anopheline mosquito bites behaviour (p<0,05). Education level and attitude do not have a significant correlation with avoiding mosquito bites behaviour (p>0,05). There is no correlation between previous history of malaria in children with mother behaviour in avoiding anopheline masquito bites in children under five years (p>0,05).
Conclusion: Knowledge has a significant correlation with avoiding anopheline mosquito bites behaviour
Keywords: Knowledge, attitude, avoiding anopheline masquitoes bites
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3480
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3481
2014-02-12T02:33:58Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Detty Siti Nurdiati, Darmayanti
Background: Low pregnancy weight gain is one of the risk factor of low birth weight (LBW). Weight gain rate per week can be used gain during pregnancy. However, some studies show differences in cut-off point weight gain in pregnancy of second and third trimester to minimize the risk of LBW.
Objective: To identify changes of weight gain rate per week in the second and third trimester of pregnancy in relation to the risk of LBW.
Method: The study was observational study using case control design. The study population was women giving birth at Ulin Hospital of Banjarmasin during the period of November 2006 – August 2007. Subject of the study was having LBW infants 98 mothers as case group and giving birth to infants >2500 grams 245 mothers as control group. Data medical record of obstetric and gynecology unit, mother and child health monitoring books, so did the direct interview. Chi square and double logistic regression methods were used to analyse the relationship between the objective variabels.
Result: Weight gain <250 grams/week in the second and third trimester of pregnancy had significant relationship with the risk of LBW (OR 7.1; 95%CI 4.0 – 12.5): other variables having risks of LBW were gestational age (<37 weeks), hypertensive disorder during pregnancy, parity, having history of preterm delivery and prenatal care < 5 times. The result of multivariable analysis showed that weight gain <250 grams/week in the second and third trimester of pregnancy had significant relationship with LBW; other variables were preterm delivery, hypertensive disorder during pregnancy and primipara.
Conclusion: Pregnant mothers with weight gain <250 grams/week during second and third trimester of pregnancy had probability 7.1 times of having LBW infants than those giving birth to infants >2500 grams. Other variables having risks of LBW were gestational age (<37 weeks), hypertensive disorder during pregnancy, parity, having history of preterm delivery and prenatal care < 5 times.
Keywords: weight gain rate per week, low birth weight
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3481
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3482
2014-02-12T02:33:58Z
bkm:ART
"120628 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Artanty, Djaswadi Dasuki, Nawi Ng, Wenny
Background: Difference in social economic influenced the inequity in fulfilling health needs. The goal of health development in Indonesia increased awareness, desire, and capability to make the healthness. Everyone had equal right to obtain health services.
Objective: To know the influence of household’s potential access to actual access in utilizing contraceptive services.
Method: This study was an observational research using cross sectional approach. It used secondary data from Sakerti 2000 result. The sample consisted of 2233 household from Central Java province. Bivariable analysis used chi-square test and multivariable analysis used logistic Regression test with 0,05 significant level.
Result: The factors influencing household’s potential access to actual access of contraceptive services was household who had more than 5 members and owner of health assurance. The household who had more than 5 member and owner of health assurance had 1,7 and 1,5 time more access to contraceptive services than those who had less than 5 members and had not owner of health assurance.
Conclusion: Household who had more than 5 members and owner of health assurance were potential access in utilizing contraceptive services. The social structure was not a barrier in utilizing contraceptive services.
Keywords : potential access, actual access, household, contraceptive services
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3482
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 26, No 1 (2010)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3550
2014-02-26T05:35:05Z
bkm:ART
"120622 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Rakhman, Rizka Humardewayanti, Dibyo Pramono, Arief
Background: In 2000 it was estimated that typhoid fever had caused more than 21.6 million morbidity and 216,510 deaths. In Indonesia typhoid fever is still very endemic. Morbidity in semi rural areas reaches 157/ 100,000 in rural population and increases to 810/100,000 in urban population. At District of Bulungan morbidity caused by typhoid fever is still relatively very high. The major cases of typhoid fever of patients hospitalized at RSUD dr. H. Soemarno Sosroatmodjo happen to age group of > 14 years old (63.84%).
Objective: To identify risk factors associated with the incidence of typhoid fever in adults.
Method: The study was observational and used a case control study design. There were 260 samples, comprising 130 cases and 130 control matched based on age and gender. Location of the study was dr. H. Soemarno Sosroatmodjo Hospital at District of Bulungan, Province of Kalimantan Timur. Cases were hospitalized adult patients diagnosed having typhoid fever based on clinical symptoms and laboratory examination. Control consisted of new patients diagnosed not having typhoid fever. Data analysis used chi square, Odds Ratio (OR) and logistic regression.
Result: The result of multivariate analysis showed that only the variable of not washing hands using soap before having meal was associated with the incidence of typhoid fever in adults (p=0.002; OR=1.625; 95%CI=1.497 – 4.602). Whereas the variables of eating out, history of typhoid in the family, availability of clean water and ownership of toilet that did not meet health requirements had no association with the incidence of typhoid fever.
Conclusion: The habit of not washing hands using soap before having meal was factor associated with the incidence of typhoid fever in adults at District of Bulungan. Therefore health promotion on clean and healthy lifestyle should be introduced to all community, particularly washing hands using soap before having meal.
Keywords: typhoid fever, adults, risk factors, case control
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3550
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3551
2014-02-26T05:35:06Z
bkm:ART
"120622 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Dewi, Carla R Marchira, Ratna
Background: Schizophrenia is severe mental disorder with the highest proportion and relapse in Sardjito Hospital inpatient section. Report on relapse incident of schizophrenia is 60%-75%. Family histories of mental disorder are reported as risk factors of relapse in schizophrenic patients.
Objective: To identify relationship between family histories of mental disorder and relapse in schizophrenic patient in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta.
Method: Subjects were schizophrenic patient who were hospitalized in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta between May 2007 - May 2008. The figure of sample was 47 people. Data was collected using structured questionnaire on demography and family histories of mental disorder. This is cross sectional and descriptive analytic study. Data was analyzed using univariate analysis and multivariate analysis stepwise logistic regression.
Result: Data collection showed that mean of subject’s age is 34 years. Number of males and females is equal and most of the subject is unemployee and unmarried. Majority of subject came from low socioeconomic. Educational background of subject is mostly high school. Out of 47 samples relapse rate is 55,3%. As much as 24 samples (51,1%) have family histories of mental disorder. There were 68,1% patients showed uncompliance in medication. This study showed 3 variables which have relationship with relapse in schizophrenic patient; those were age (p=0,036), family histories of mental disorder (p=0,029) and drug compliance (p=0,007).
Conclusion: There is relationship betweeen family history of mental disorder and relapse in schizophrenic patient in Sardjito Hospital Yogyakarta. Multivariate analysis showed that drug compliance is the most significant influencing relapse in schizophrenic patients.
Keywords: family histories of mental disorder, drug compliance, schizophrenia, relapse
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3551
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3552
2014-02-26T05:35:06Z
bkm:ART
"120622 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Cahyaningsih, Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya, Abu Tholib, Chairini Tri
Background: Eating utensils have crucial role in the hygiene and sanitation of foods. One among health requirements of eating utensils is that they do not contain bacteria exceeding the limits of health requirements. One factor causing high germ rate of food utensils is the behavior of food handlers in washing eating utensils.
Objective: To identify the association between hygiene and sanitation (dish washing facilities) and behavior of food handlers (hygienic behavior and washing methods) and bacteriological quality (germ rate and number of E. coli) of plates at food stalls in the area of Catur Tunggal, Depok, Sleman.
Method: This observational study used cross sectional design. Samples were 40 food stalls that used running water to wash eating utensils. Eating utensil directly in contact with foods must not contain germ rate higher than 100 cfu/m2 and the number of E. coli must be 0 cfu/cm2 . Data were obtained through interviews, observations, and laboratory tests. Data analysis used Spearman Rank correlation test and multiple regressions. Result: There was an association between washing hands before working, washing hands without using soap after toileting, soaking, daily clean up and bacteriological quality with p<0.05. Education, wearing rings, keeping nails long, rinsing using running water, drying without using dish towel, sink made from strong and fine materials were not associated with bacteriological quality (p>0.05). The results of regression tests show that variables of soaking and daily clean up are closely related with bacteriological quality.
Conclusion: There are significant associations between soaking and daily clean up and bacteriological quality
Keywords: sanitation hygiene, behavior of food handlers, bacteriological quality
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3552
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3553
2014-02-26T05:35:06Z
bkm:ART
"120622 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Hariadi, Iswanto, Riris Andono Ahmad, Efrizon
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) disease is a major health problem either in developed or developing countries. According to WHO TB happens to 25,205 people worldwide everyday, ending in mortality to 4,657 people. Indonesia is in the third rank of TB cases in the world after India and China. TB in Indonesia happens to 1,464 people everyday, ending in mortality to 241 people. The identification of suspect and positive acid fast bacillus is a performance indicator of lung TB program. At District of Bengkulu 2007 lung TB patients’ identification was still below the national target, i.e. 38.193. The screening and identification of patients is generally done by nurses at polyclinics and laboratory staff. Nurses are health professionals at the front liners of health services with quite large composition (40%).
Objective: To identify factors of the health center in relation to the coverage of positive acid fast bacillus lung TB patients at District of Bengkulu Utara.
Method: This was an observational study with a cross sectional design. Location of the study was microscopic referral health centers, independently managed health centers, and satellite health centers at District of Bengkulu Utara. Samples consisted of staff of polyclinic and laboratories. Data were obtained through questionnaire and observation and presented using frequency distribution tables and multilevel regression and linear regression methods.
Result: The result of multivariate analysis showed that variables related to the coverage of lung TB patients were skills of staff with b=1.3 (p=0.000) and facilities with b=1.5 (p=0.000).
Conclusion: Skills of staff, training of staff, and availability of facilities were related to the coverage of positive acid fast bacillus lung TB patients at District of Bengkulu Utara; therefore it was necessary to improve skills of staff through on the job training and improve facilities for the identification of lung TB patients.
Keywords: lung TB, nurses, laboratory staff, TB patient identification
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3553
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3554
2014-02-26T05:35:06Z
bkm:ART
"120622 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Sopacua, Evie
The safeguard triangle with a discussion approach can be use as a strategy in the effort to accelerate maternal mortality rate. This triangle was a recommendation of a study in Sampang and Pamekasan Districts in East Java Province through 2003-2004. The triangle consists of the village midwife, the mentor and the pregnant woman with her family in each of its corners. Through interaction of the triangle’s corners the process of discussion approach was conducted. This safeguard triangle was stated as a holistic service because the pregnant woman was involved as a subject not as an object in the discussion approach which assured woman a safe pregnancy and birth. This safeguard triangle which was conducted at the village level should be supported by the supra system in the role of stewards hipness. The discussion approach should be taken into consideration of a coordination process which was formulated to achieve a self care community for a healthy living.
Keywords: safeguard triangle strategy, discussion approach, accelerate maternal mortality rate
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3554
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3555
2014-02-26T05:35:07Z
bkm:ART
"120622 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Kursista, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Rendra Widyatama, I Gst Gd Ngurah
Background: HIV/AIDS still becomes a pandemic that attacked million of people in the world and the cases increasing every year including among household. This condition was possibly caused by the low of knowledge and perception of community regarding HIV/AIDS. Head of family is a target group of health promotion for HIV/ AIDS prevention. Health promotion with innovative Bali puppet media was expected could improve knowledge and perception of head of family in HIV/AIDS prevention.
Objective: This research was aimed to find out the influence of health promotion through innovative Bali puppet media compared to speech method toward head of family in HIV/AIDS prevention effort.
Method: This was a quasi experimental research that used equivalent control group design with pre test and post test. The sample was head of family in the sub district of Kintamani and Susut. The sample was selected purposively and the data was collected by using questionaire. Analysis was done by using independent t test, paired t test and descriptive. Indeed, the statistic was based on the significance level of p=0,05.
Result: The method of innovative Bali puppet and speech had significant influence in knowledge improvement. After one month given health promotion on HIV/AIDS, there was an improvement on perception in the group of innovative Bali puppet which was better than speech group.
Conclusion: Health promotion method by using innovative Bali puppet media and speech method could improve knowledge and perception of head of family in HIV/AIDS prevention, however innovative Bali puppet media which was high in improve knowledge and perception of head family in HIV/AIDS prevention.
Keywords: innovative Bali puppet media, health promotion, HIV/AIDS prevention
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3555
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3556
2014-02-26T05:35:07Z
bkm:ART
"120622 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Sosodoro, Ova Emilia, Budi Wahyuni, Ossie
Background: Stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS is an aspect which disrupts the program of HIV/AIDS infection prevention. Some studies show that the widespread of stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS is related to knowledge about methods of HIV/AIDS infection. One most effective method to improve knowledge about HIV/ AIDS is education at schools. This study is carried out at Surakarta Municipality whereby knowledge about HIV/ AIDS and the presence of stigma of people living with AIDS among school age teenagers have never beenobserved.
Objective: To identify the relationship between knowledge about HIV/AIDS and stigma of people living with HIV/ AIDS among senior high school students at Surakarta Municipality.
Method: The study was qualitative observational with cross sectional design to get deeper explanation and offer input for policy making in introducing relevant intervention. Subject of the study were as many as 558 students of 4 junior high schools of Surakarta Municipality. Quantitative data analysis used univariable, bivariable with chi square test and multivariable with logistic regression and stratification.
Result: The result of test on knowledge about HIV/AIDS showed that mean was 15.40 from maximum score of 20, whereas the result of test on stigma of people living HIV/AIDS showed that mean was 15.70 from maximum score of 21. The result of qualitative study showed that there was misunderstanding about methods of HIV/AIDS infection and the presence of stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS, either among the students or teachers. The result of bivariable analysis showed that the stigma was 3.37 times stronger among students with limited knowledge about HIV/AIDS than among those with good knowledge about HIV/AIDS.
Conclusion: Students with limited knowledge about HIV/AIDS had higher risk for stigma of people living with HIV/AIDS that those with good knowledge.
Keywords: stigma, HIV/AIDS
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3556
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 4 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3557
2014-02-26T05:38:12Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Ajis, Nenny Sri Mulyani, Dibyo Pramono, Emita
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) poses a health problem both in developed countries and in developing countries. It is estimated that 160 of 100.000 people present TB (+), and 15% of them are children. In Kuantan Singingi district, the eradication program of TB is carried out with DOTS strategy in accordance with WHO recommendation. However, the program is still prioritized for adult patients although under-five children are the high risk group to be infected with the disease. In the past three years there have been increased cases of the incidence of tuberculosis found in under-five children. Many factors are related to the increased incidence of TB.
Objective: This study aims at investigating most dominant external factors that are related to the incidence of TB among under-five children.
Method: This was an observational study with a case control study design. Samples were 218 persons consisting of 109 persons as case and 109 persons as control selected with purposive sampling. Case was taken from under-five TB patients that were diagnosed by a pediatrician and a physician in community health center while control was taken from patients presenting other diseases attending the community health center in the past 12 months. Data were gathered through interview and the measure of ventilation and the degree of humidity. The collected data were presented with frequency distribution table and were then analyzed using bivariate and multivariate analyses.
Results: The multivariate analysis showed that variables that were related to the incidence of under-five TB were smoking with OR = 2.6372 (p=0.0026), contact history with the case of TB (+) with OR = 2.6284 (p=0.0026) and family’s socio-economic status with OR = 2.587 (p=0.0012).
Conclusion: The contact history, smoking and low socio-economic status were the risk factors related to the incidence of TB among under-five children in Kuantan Singingi District so that the programs of health promotion and health and safe life behavior (PHBS) needed to be enhanced especially the hazardous danger of smoking for smokers and the program of active case finding as well as complete and holistic treatment for the patients with a free of charge system in the community health centers needed to be realized.
Keywords: external factor of tuberculosis, under-five children.
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3557
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 3 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3558
2014-02-26T05:38:12Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Erawatyningsih, Purwanta, Heru Subekti, Erni
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) disease is one of major public health problems which cannot be overcome yet. The problem is caused by some factors one of which is incompliance of the patient with medication. In 2005, At the health center of West Dompu drop out rate of TB patients was still relatively high (29.1%) and recovery patients TB were still relatively low (71,7%).
Objective: To identify factors which affect incompliance with medication among lung TB patients at the working area of West Dompu health center, Subdistrict of Woja, District of Dompu, West Nusa Tenggara.
Method: This was an analytical case study with case control design. Samples of the study were 21 patients of lung TB totally taken who failed and were dropped out from medication in 2005. Instrument this study used quesionary. Data analysis used chi square.
Result: The factor most dominantly affected incompliance with medication among lung TB patients was education (OR=0.12, p<0.05); whereas factors which did not affect incompliance with medication were age, sex, quality of service, support from drug taking supervisor and distance from the house to the health center (p>0.05).
Conclusion: Education, knowledge, family income, and duration of illness and drug side effects significantly affected incompliance with medication among lung TB patients and education was the most dominant factor.
Keywords: lung tuberculosis, incompliance
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3558
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 3 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3559
2014-02-26T05:38:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Zaki, Sri Werdati, Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi, Riduan
Background: Previous research found that 75% of one’s life was used for communication. Communication gives the meaning of life. More than half of the surgery clients was not satisfied with the preserved information. Client needs effective communication and social contact which was useful to obtained information. There was a lack of communication between nursing staff and client. Nurses communication style was focused on their duty. Their conversation tend to be short and could not exploitate client’s believe and anxiety. There was a research inhealth behavior trough education especially in therapeutic communication.
Objective: This research was aimed to measure the effectiveness of role play, video compact disc (VCD) playing and module in improving therapeutic communication skill of nursing student of STIKES Jenderal Ahmad Yani Yogyakarta.
Method: This was a quasi experimental research that used non-equivalent control group design with pretest-posttest. The subject of the research was nursing student of STIKES Jenderal Ahmad Yani and Surya Global Yogyakarta. The intervention group was 42 students while control group was 51 students. The sample was taken with purposive sampling. The instrument being used was questionaire, check list of observation, (VCD), module and role play scenario with a case example. The data collection was conducted by having structured interview and observation. The data was analyzed with independent t-test to measure the difference on knowledge, attitude and skill with significance level of p = 0.05 and paired t test.
Result: This research showed that there was a significant influence on the therapeutic communication education toward improvement on knowledge with t = 9.463 and p = 0.000 (p < 0,05), attitude with t = 5.338 and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), skill after education with t = 9.675 and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05), and skill after one month with t = 5.661 and p = 0.000 (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference on the skill after education and there was no significant difference after one month with t = -2.005 and p = 0.052 (p > 0.05).
Conclusion: Role play, VCD playing and module were effective in improving knowledge, attitude and skill on therapeutic communication after given education and improving skill after 1 month and yet there was a decreasing on the average of skill value after 1 month compared with after given education.
Keywords: therapeutic communication, knowledge, attitude, skill, role play, video compact disc, module
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3559
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 3 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3560
2014-02-26T05:38:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Handayani, Ova Emilia, Budi Wahyuni, Sri
Background: The survey result of Indonesian Family Planning Association (PKBI) mentioned that teenagers were started to have sexual relationship when they were 13-18 years old, 60% out of them did not use the contraception, and 85% did that at their own house. This condition showed that pre marital sexual behavior in teenager was very high. Lack of education regarding reproductive health and inappropriate information could caused teenagers having free sexual behavior. This was supported the importance of reproductive health education as preventive action of pre marital sexual behavior for teenager.
Objective: This research was aimed to find out group discussion method with or without facilitator that could be more effective in improving knowledge, attitude and motivation of teenager regarding pre marital sexual behavior.
Method: This was a quasi experimental research that used pretest-posttest control group design. The sample was selected with purposive sampling technique based on respondent’s characteristic. In addition, the data was analysed with analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Result: Knowledge, attitude and motivation of teenager regarding pre marital sexual behavior before the treatment was not significant, knowledge (p = 0,940), attitude (p = 0,357) and motivation (p = 0,260). After the treatment, there was a significant improvement on knowledge (p = 0,00), attitude (p= 0,00) and motivation (p=0,024). The result of ANOVA test showed that there was a significant difference between group discussion with facilitator and group discussion without facilitator in improving teenager’s knowledge (p = 0,018) . While for improvement of attitude and motivation of teenager, there was a significant improvement between group discussion with facilitator and group discussion without facilitator with value of attitude (p= 0,734) and motivation (p= 0,647).
Conclusion: Group discussion method with facilitator was more effective in improving knowledge, attitude, and motivation of teenager toward pre marital sexual behavior compare with group discussion method without facilitator.
Keywords: reproductive health education, group discussion method, teenager, pre marital sexual behavior,
knowledge, attitude, motivation
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3560
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 3 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3561
2014-02-26T05:38:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Carla Raymondalexas Marchira, Suyamto
Background: Anxiety is a disorders that has symptoms of heart, dizzy, wet palm and foot or emotional disorders such as discomfort feeling, difficult to concentrate, worried, exhaustness, insomnia, less appetite. This condition often occurred in students of Nursing Academy (Akper) of Notokusumo Yogyakarta when they are facing final examination. This is obtained from a preliminary research that was conducted by giving question on the condition experienced by the students of Akper Notokusumo Yogyakarta regarding their worryness in facing the examination with subject of 50 students that was held on the 5th – 8th of October 2007.
Objective: This research was aimed to find out the influence of muscle relaxation in decreasing the TMAS anxiety score of students in facing their final examination.
Method: This was a quasi experimental design with randomized control group pre test and post test design that was research subjects who were classified into two groups that were treatment group that was located in Akper Notokusumo with 100 students and control group that was located in Akper Karya Bhakti Husada Bantul with subjects of 50 students. Both of the groups were given pre test before given treatment, and yet, one group was given post test after treatment while the other group was given post test without treatment. The intsrument being used was Taylor Manifest Anxiety Scale (TMAS). The analysis being used to examine the difference of treatment and control group was conducted with independet sample t test with significance level of p = 0.05.
Result: The result of the research showed that there was a decreasing on anxiety from pre test to post test. In control group, there was no decreasing of anxiety from pre test to post test even there was an improvement during post test.
Conclusion: Relaxation had influence in decreasing anxiety of student of Nursing Academy of Notokusumo Yogyakarta as treatment group and the result was lower during post test compared to pre test.
Keywords: anxiety, relaxation, student
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3561
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 3 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3562
2014-02-26T05:38:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Wahyudi Istiono, Heni Suryadi, Muhammad Haris, Irnizarifka, Andre Damardana Tahi, Wahyudi
Background: The first two years in life are critical period in which rapid growth and development occured. Nutritional status of children under five years old is influenced by several factors, such as social, economic, cultural, health, environmental, and demographic factor. The World Health Organization reported that protein- energy malnutrition (PEM) prevalence in Indonesia was high. It was estimated that 27.5% of children under five years old were experienced from moderate malnutrition, while 8.5% of them were severely malnourished.
Objective: This study is aimed to determine nutritional status of children under five years old as well as to identify the correlation between risk factors and the nutritional status on the area of Dukuh Madigondo, Sidoharjo Village, Samigaluh Subdistrict, and the District of Kulonprogo.
Methods: The design of this study was observational with cross sectional study to identify 15 risk factors associated with nutritional status in children under five years old. Subjects were 48 children under five years old which assessed with research questionnaires. Correlation among variables was then analyzed using Kruskal Walis One Way Anova and Pearson Chi Square Test.
Result: The nutritional status of fourty four children under five years old were good, while two of the children were below standard and the remaining two were bad in nutritional status. Pearson Chi Square analysis has showed no significant correlation between nutritional status and sickness frequency, familial characteristics, expenditure, environmental hygiene sanitation, health care access, mother act, mother behavior, along with mother knowledge factor.
Conclusion: There was no significant correlation found among 15 risk factors towards nutritional status of children under five years old in Dukuh Madigondo, Sidoharjo Village, Samigaluh Subdistrict, District of Kulonprogo.
Keywords: nutritional status, children under five years old, sex, sickness frequency, familial characteristics, expenditure level, environmental hygiene sanitation, health care access, mother act, mother behavior, mother knowledge
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3562
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 3 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3563
2014-02-26T05:38:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Silaban, Gerry
Background: The existing of opinion that enterprises registered within Employment Accident Benefit Program to reduce the employment’s accident risk will disregard the implementation of occupational health and safety (OHS). The implementation of OHS through the occupational health and safety management system (OHSMS) is an obligation for enterprises as means to prevent employment accident in order to establish a comfort, health and safe workplace and contiunity of business.
Method: The type research which used is survey research using cross-sectional design. Samples consist of 55 enterprises from type III of group-business which registered in Employment Accident Benefit Program at PT Jamsostek Medan Branch. Accident rate data were gathered through enterprises report on Jamsostek Form 3 Type K.K.3 (Employment Accident Report Phase I) within one year period (January 1st - December 31st, 2005). The level of compliance the implementation of OHSMS was measured by OHSMS audits which consist of 166 criteria. Regression analyzes was employed to examine relationship between accident rate and level of compliance the implementation of OHSMS.
Results: Accident rate was varying among each business types ranges 87 cases as most frequent and 1 case least. Higher level of compliance the implementation of OHSMS were 127 criteria (76.51%), lowest were 6 criteria (3.61%) with average 32 criteria (19.04%). It is recognized that 2 (3.64%) enterprises were reach 60 - 84% criteria and 53 (96.36%) enterprises reach 0 - 60% criteria for compliance. Total average and percentage which actually been comply by enterprises on each criteria element from 12 auditing elements of OHSMS was mostly on 5th element (purchasing). Relationship between accident rate and level of compliance the implementation of OHSMS is significant (p < 0.05) with correlation coefficient r = - 0.236.
Conclusion: Management must have solid commitment and entail every worker to implement OHSMS, and involves various relevant and qualify parties thus level of compliance the implementation of OHSMS can be improved and reducing accident rate.
Keywords: registered enterprises in the employment accident benefit program, accident rate, the level of compliance the implementation of occupational health and safety management system
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3563
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 3 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3564
2014-02-26T05:41:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Ova Emilia, Budi Wahyuni, Rafidah
Background: Early marriage is common in developing countries including Indonesia. Factors related to early marriage are, among others; education, economic, and social aspects. The impacts of early marriage are dropout and teenage pregnancy which causes rejection to pregnancy. In District of Purworejo marriage below 20 years of age is still as much as 20.6% (Community Health and Nutrition Research Laboratory 2005).
Objective: The study aimed to identify factors related to early marriage.
Method: This was an observational study with cross sectional design using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were obtained through questionnaires and interview guide. Samples of the study were 90 married women, who were systematically chosen, respondents of longitudinal surveillance of Community Health and Nutrition Research Laboratory, 90 parents of the respondent, 1 religious leader, 2 community leaders and 1 staff of office of Religious Affairs. Hypothetical test used chi square with p<0.05, CI 95%. Multivariable analysis used logistic regression.
Results: Low perception about marriage showed the most related to the decision for early marriage. Other factors related to early marriage were low level of education (RP=2.90, CI 95%=1.30–6.49, p=0.000), low familyeconomic status (RP=1.75, CI 95%=1.05 – 2.91 p=0.017). Unemployed parents (RP=1.48, CI95%=0.88-2.49 p=0.23) and parents’ low perception about marriage (RP=1.5, CI95%=0.96-2.37 p=0.05) were not strongly related with early marriage.
Conclusion: Factors related to early marriage were perception of respondents about marriage, education of respondents, family economic status, and unemployed parents.
Keywords: early marriage, perception about marriage, family economic status, education
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3564
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3565
2014-02-26T05:41:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
RYE, Yusrizal Djam’an Saleh2, Yuwono Hadiwijoyo, Awusi
Background: Every second Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected 1 person worldwide. Overall, one-third of the world’s population is currently infected with the TB bacillus. 5%-10% of people who are infected with TB bacilli become sick or infectious at some time during their life. Pulmonary TB is an important health problem in worldwide. World Health Organization (WHO) recommended controlling TB with DOTS strategy since 1995. Focus of global TB control with DOTS strategy is case detection and cure TB patients. Case detection rate in South East Asia is low (31%-54%) of the target global of CDR (70%). For the period 2006-2007 years CDR in Palu Municipalyti is very low (34%-35%). Therefore, it is important to find factors that influence for case detection of pulmonary TB.
Objectives: To identify the relationship between independent variables of knowledge, length of work, work load, incentive, training of DOTS, access, service KIE about TB and screening suspect TB with case detection of pulmonary TB
Material and Methods: This was an analytic observational study which used a cross sectional design with both quantitative and qualitative approaches. Subjects of the study were providers TB program of Community Health Center in Palu Municipality. Data were descriptively analyzed (univariate) and statistically analyzed (bivariate) using chi square test and logistic regression (multivariate) at confident interval 95%.and significant level 5%.
Results: Variables that have significant statistically relationship (p< 0.05) with case detection of pulmonary TB is screening suspect TB (OR=8,92; 95%CI=2,36-38,65), service KIE about TB (OR=8,85; 95%CI=2,16-36,97), training of DOTS (OR=5,84; 95%CI=1,54-26,77).
Conclusion: The factors to have significant influence of case detection pulmonary TB were screening suspect TB, service CIE TB and training of DOTS. Screening suspect TB was the most influencing case detection of pulmonary TB in Palu Municipality.
Keywords: case detection of Pulmonary TB, screening of TB suspect, service CIE, training of DOTS, Palu municipality
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3565
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3566
2014-02-26T05:41:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Renang, Carla Marchira, Anisa
Background: Mental disorder is a health problem commonly found in the community. Studies showed that mental disorder often undetected and not well managed in primary care. Primary care doctors perception towards severe mental disorder i.e. schizophrenia will influence the management of this disorder.
Objective: To identify different perception between integration and non-integration primary care doctor in Klaten regency towards schizophrenia patient.
Subject and Method: Subjects were primary care doctors in Klaten Regency. The figure of sample was 48. Data was collected using perception towards schizophrenia patient instrument. Data was analyzed with Chi-Square.
Result: Data collection showed 75% primary care doctors stated that schizophrenia was a disease which could be recovered, 45.8% stated they did not like to treat schizophrenia patient, 83.3% stated that schizophrenia patient needed to be supervised continuously, and 16.7% primary care doctors stated that schizophrenia patient is dangerous; therefore they needed to be isolated. Chi-square test showed different perception between integration and non-integration primary care doctor towards recovery of schizophrenia patient (x²=7.759, p=0.005), using of new antipsychotic (x²=9,966, p=0,002), supervision of schizophrenia patient continuously (x²=12.448, p=0.00), giving diagnosis of schizophrenia (x²=5.828, p=0.016) and isolation of schizophrenia patient (x²=12.448, p=0.00).
Conclusion: There’s a significant difference between integration and non-integration primary care doctor towards recovery of schizophrenia patient, using of new antipsychotic, supervision of schizophrenia patient continuously, giving diagnosis of schizophrenia, and isolation of schizophrenia patient.
Keywords: perception, primary care doctor, schizophrenia
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3566
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3567
2014-02-26T05:41:13Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Lizam, Yayi Suryo Prabandari, Amitya Kumara, T. Cut
Background: Almost everybody knows that smoke could endangered smoker’s health and people surrounding (passive smoker). The influence of peer, self appearance, curiosity, stress, boring, masculinity and rebelience are some of major issues that could contribute teenagers to start smoking. Therefore, health education is needed to improve positive attitude toward non smoking behavior and tendency to quit smoking by empowering their own emotional through emotional intelligence training.
Objective: This research was aimed to find out the influence of training on emotional intelligence in order to improve positive attitude toward non smoking behavior and tendency to quit smoking in intervention group and the difference on attitude as well as intention to quit smoking in intervention group with control group.
Method: Quasi experimental study was conducted with pre-test and post-test with control design. Experiment group was given training on emotional intelligence with lecture method and sensitivity training. The research subjects were 43 in intervention group and 41 in control group with research population was boys who smoke in grade II of social science majoring class. Data analysis was conducted with paired t-test for one group and independent t-test in different group with significance level of 5% or p<0.05.
Result: There was a significant positive improvement on attitude toward non smoking behavior especially in pretest and posttest-1, pretest and posttest 2 (p<0.05) and there was an improvement on tendency to quit smoking in intervention group. There was a significant difference (p<0.05) on attitude in intervention and control groups. Furthermore, there was not an improvement on positive attitude toward non smoking behavior in intervention group especially in the indicator of self motivation and in posttest 1 and posttest 2.
Conclusion: Health education through training on emotional intelligence could improve positive attitude toward non smoking behavior and tendency to quit smoking in teenager.
Keywords: training on emotional intelligence, attitude toward smoking and tendency to quit smoking
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3567
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3568
2014-02-26T05:41:14Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Boedisusanto, Fajar Waskito, Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya, R. Indra
Background: Yaws is caused by spiral bacillus called treponema perteneu. It is a human infectious disease which commonly attacks skin and bones. The prevalence of yaws in Indonesia was less than 1 per 10,000 people but there were places with high prevalence such as Provinces of West Papua, Papua, South East of Sulawesi, Nusa Tenggara Timur and Maluku. The prevalence of yaws in Jayapura Municipality in 2007 was 5.4 per 10,000 people.
Objective: To identify risk factors of house condition, social economic factors and behavioral factors of the occurence of yaws at Jayapura Municipality.
Method: The study was observational with case control study design. Sample of the study consisted of 84 cases and 84 control subjects. Data were analyzed using computer with 2 x 2 tables and multiple logistic regression tests at 95% significant level.
Result: Multivariable analysis showed that three variables were significant risk factors for the occurence of yaws: house condition (occupancy density, OR=2,5, availability of clean water, OR=5.9), and behavior (taking a bath, OR=3.8).
Conclusion: Factors of house condition (occupancy density, availability of clean water), social economy (knowledge) and behavior (taking a bath) are dominant risk factors for the occurence hence prevalence of yaws at Jayapura Municipality.
Keywords: Yaws, risk factors, Jayapura Municipality
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3568
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3569
2014-02-26T05:41:14Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Panuntun, Siswanto Agus Wilopo, Lina Kurniawati, Sri
Background: The report of 2002-2003 Indonesia’s Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) suggests that the prevalence of family planning in Indonesia reach 60 percent with the hormonal contraceptive increase by 16 percent and the non hormonal contraceptive decrease by 7 percent. Generally, the choice of contraceptives is based on clear reasons to regulate the birth spacing or to limit births. Factors determining the choice of non hormonal contraceptives include physical access (distance), economy (cost), administration (service resource) and cognitive accesses (knowledge).
Objective: To investigate the relationship between contraceptive accesses and the choice of hormonal and non hormonal contraceptives in Purworejo District.
Method: This was an observational study with a case control study design.
Subject: Samples were married women 20-35 years of age that became the new acceptors with the choice of non hormonal contraceptives (IUD) as the case (133 women) and of hormonal contraceptives (pill and injectable) as the control (133 women) from 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2004.
Data analysis: The qualitative data analyses used were univariable, bivariable and multivariable. Statistical test used chi-square and logistic regression.
Results: The bivariable and multivariable analyses showed that there was a relationship between family planning demand and the choice of non hormonal contraceptives. Respondent residing far from family planning services tended to choose non hormonal contraceptives with a chance of 1.9 times higher (OR=9.5;CI95%=1.16-3.19). The variable that had the greatest chance to influence respondents to choose non hormonal contraceptives was cost that was 7.5 times (OR=7.5; CI 95% = 2.60-21.87). The respondents that utilized private facilities tended to choose non hormonal contraceptives.
Conclusion: Respondents with family planning demand to limit births were likely to choose non hormonal contraceptives. Other factors affecting the choice of non hormonal contraceptives were income.
Keywords: family planning accesses, family planning demand, choice of hormonal and non hormonal
contraceptives, case control
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3569
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3570
2014-02-26T05:41:14Z
bkm:ART
"120621 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Djauhar Ismail, Diah Rumekti, Yuliva
Background: According to 2002-2003 Indonesia Demography Health Survey (IDHS), the percentage distribution of women based on job status in the past 12 months in West Sumatera showed that 57,5% of woman was working, 2,4% of woman was not working and 40,1% of the women did not work at all. From the data, it is shown that the percentage of woman who working was bigger than woman who was not working. Based on various researches, a job that will be done by a woman especially while pregnant, had influence toward the weight of the infant who will be delivered.
Objective: This research was aimed to find out the relationship of job status and job type of mother with infant’s birth weight in RSUP Dr. M. Djamil Padang.
Method: This was an observational research that used Prospective Cohort design. The data was collected in antenatal polyclinic of RSUP Dr.M. Djamil Padang. The population was all pregnant women who came to check their pregnancies to antenatal polyclinic and they were clustered based on job status and job type. Every pregnant woman was observed and their pregnancy development that was started in the week 32 of pregnancy until delivery was continually monitored. The sample was taken with non probability sampling and consecutive sampling. The independent variables were job status and job type and the dependent variable was infant’s birth weight. The confounding variable were education, social economy status, women’s age, parity, gestation age, women’s height, weight gain, nutrition intake, children sex and mother’s disease during pregnancy.
Result: The dif ference of birth weight in a mother works with heavy physical activity was 196.44 gram (p=0.000) which was lower than mother who did not work with heavy physical activity, and the difference of infant’s birth weight in the group of mother who were ill during pregnancy with those who were not ill in their pregnancy period was 243.92 gram (p=0.001). Male infant who was born had difference on the average of birth weight that was 97.24 gram (p=0.015) which was heavier than female infant. The increasing gestation age every one week will increase infant’s birth weight 45.34 gram (p=0.021) and increasing of mother’s weight will increase infant’s birth weight with 47.12 gram (p=0.000). The increasing nutrition intake every one kilocalories will increase infant’s birth weight 0.56 gram (p=0.000). R2 was 0.2729 which mean that model 2 as the result of double linear regression analysis could explain the relationship and predicted infant’s birth weight with 27.29%.
Conclusion: There was a relationship between mother’s job status (working or not working) and mother’s job type (heavy physical activity and low physical activity) with infant’s birth weight, in which infant’s birth weight in working mother with heavy physical activity was lower than infant with mothers who did not work with heavy physical activity.
Keywords: job status, job type and infant’s birth weight
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-06-02 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3570
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 2 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3571
2014-02-26T05:42:59Z
bkm:ART
"120620 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Haripurnomo Kushadiwijaya, Carla Marchira, Nurhasanah
Background: The problem of mental health in the community are complex and greatly varied and complex.They do not only include mental disorder but also numerous psychosocial problems, quality of life and harmony in life. Earthquake brings both physical damages and psychological trauma elationship if it goes far beyond coping capacity of the community that becomes the victim. The prevalence of mental disorder of the community that can survive is about 0.2% - 7.2% with major depression 6.4%. Quality of life of the community that suffers from major depression is lower than that of healthy people and those that have other mental disorder. Sub-district of Berbah, Kalasan and Prambanan feel the magnitude of earthquake and serious damages.
Objective: To identify the relationship between level of depression and quality of life of the community at the disaster area post earthquake in the District for Sleman.
Method: The study used cross sectional design. Subject of the study consisted of 721 people. Data were obtained through interview and observation. Instruments of medical outcomes Short Form 36 (SF-36) were used to measure quality of life and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were used to measure level of depression. Data were analyzed using bivariable and multivariable method with simple linear regression and multivariate linear regression.
Result: The result of bivariable analysis showed that variables statistically had relationship with quality of life at District of Sleman were level of depression (r=0.561, R2=0.314), sex (r=0.042, R2=0.002), marital status (r=0.126; R2=0.016), income (r=0.092, R2=0.008) and social interaction (r=0.171, R2=0.029). The result of multivariable analysis showed that there were three variables statistically significant, i.e. level of depression, social interaction and sex (Adjusted R2=0.334).
Conclusion: level of depression, social interaction and sex were risk factors of quality of life of the community post earthquake in the District of Sleman and they were statistically significant (p<0.05).
Keywords: quality of life, level of depression, risk factors
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3571
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3572
2014-02-26T05:42:59Z
bkm:ART
"120620 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Prasetyastuti, Prasetyastuti
Background: Oxidative damage by free radical can cause aging process. Erythrocyte as an oxygen – carrying agent has high risk of oxidative injury which can inducemethemoglobin production. Vitamin C is an exogen antioxidant that work in aqueous phase like blood and can react with free radical before they initiate the oxidative injury.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to find out whether there is possibility of correlation between vitamin C and methemoglobin level in blood of elderly living in Pakem District
Method: This was an observational research with cross sectional design, in which 32 elderly from Pakem District were subjects. The blood sample was taken from cubital vein. Determination of vitamin C and methemoglobin level used spectrophotometer. Pearson Correlation was employed to analyze the data.
Results: The vitamin C and methemoglobin level of the elderly 0,43 + 0,25 mg/dl and 0,035 + 0.02% respectively. The correlation between vitamin C and methemoglobin level was not significant ( p = 0.771).
Conclusion: The vitamin C was not correlated with the methemoglobin level.
Keywords: vitamin C, methemoglobin, elderly, free radica
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3572
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3573
2014-02-26T05:42:59Z
bkm:ART
"120620 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Rizani, Mohammad Hakimi, Djauhar Ismail, Ahmad
Background: Indonesia belongs to medium and high endemic country of hepatitis B (HB) with the prevalence as much as 8% - 20% of the population. The risk for the prevalence of chronic HB is much more higher among infants infected during birth 90%, among children of 1 – 5 years 30% - 60%, and among adults 2%-6%. If infants of 0-7 days old are given the first dosage of HB immunization, the prevalence of being HB chronic patients is 23% and if the first dosage is given when infants are one months old, the prevalence of being HB chronic patients is 40%. The coverage of HB immunization for infants of 0-7 days old at Banjarmasin Municipality in 2006 was only 41%.
Objective: The study aimed to identify the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and behavior of mothers in giving HB immunization to infants of 0-7 days old at Banjarmasin Municipality.
Method: The study was observational and used cross sectional design. Subject of the study were 170 mothers having infants of 0-12 months chosen using consecutive sampling technique at 5 health centers with different coverage of HB immunization of infant of 0-7 days old. Data analysis used chi square and logistic regression. Strength of relationship was calculated using prevalence ratio with CI 95%.
Result: The result of bivariable analysis showed that there was relationship between behavior of mothers in giving 0-7 day HB in immunization and knowledge RP=1.61 (CI 95%=1.35-191), attitude RP=1.49 (CI95%= 1.22-1.62), education RP=1.56 (CI95%=1.24-1.96), occupation RP=1.44 (CI95%=1.01-2.05) and birth assistants RP=1.48 (CI95%=1.21-1.82). The result of multivariable analysis using logistic regression showed that only 2 variables, i.e. knowledge and education statistically had significant relationship with behavior of mothers in giving 0-7 day HB immunization.
Conclusion: There was relationship between knowledge and education and behavior of mothers in giving 0-7 day HB immunization.
Keywords: knowledge, attitude, behavior, hepatitis B
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3573
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3574
2014-02-26T05:42:59Z
bkm:ART
"120620 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Wilopo, Siswanto Agus
Background: Recent controversial reports suggest that recipients of one dose of DTP vaccines had higher mortality than children who had received no DTP vaccine. We reanalyzed data on vaccination and child survival collected from demographic and health surveillance to challenge previous findings.
Objectives: To estimate specific and non-specific effects of DTP vaccination on child mortality age 1-24 months under routine vaccination program in Indonesia.
Methods: A longitudinal surveillance data provided information on 5647 children below 24 months of age who received DTP and other vaccinations. The main outcome measure was all-cause mortality. Background factors associated with mortality were collected, such as: sex, birth order, dead sibling, mother’s education and family size. We assessed DTP vaccinations as an independent factor with other variables in Cox’s regression models with time dependent covariates.
Results: There is no sex differential of mortality among children in Purworejo even after considering other factors using Cox regression analysis. Mortality was lower in the group vaccinated with DTP vaccine compared with those not vaccinated, the relative risk of mortality (RR) being 0.56 with 95% confidence interval (CI) is 0.453–0.690. After controlling for the background factors, recipient of DPT vaccines continued to have a lower mortality with RR=0.74 (95% CI: 0.586–0.925). BCG and measles vaccines have stronger non-specific effects compared to effects of DTP vaccines.
Conclusion: Through specific effect against targeted diseases and a non-specific benefit against others illnesses, the study showed reduced mortality among children who received DTP vaccine. There is no reason to change current vaccination policy because DTP was not associated with any harmful effect among girls.
Keywords: non-specific effects, DTP Vaccine, child survival, Cox’s Regression
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3574
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3575
2014-02-26T05:43:00Z
bkm:ART
"120620 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Darusman, Darusman
Background: Diabetes melitus is one of the degenerative disease, which is the amount will increase in the future and needs serious treatment because of complications cause it. Diet is the main therapy to improve and maintain the blood sugar in normal rate. For helping the diabetic patient doing the new diet therapy in their daily living is depend on their attitude and behavior. The long lasting obedience in preparing the meals is one of the most challenge in diet therapy.
Method: The aim of this research is for identificated the differences of behavior and the obedience between male and female who have diabetes melitus in diet therapy with descriptive comparative and independent t-test with SPSS version 12.0,
Result: The result of this research shows 55,0% males and 70,0% females have bad behavior of the obedience in diet therapy. Beside that 80,0% males and 70,0% females are obey to follow diet therapy
Conclusion: From the result of this research shows P = 0,093, because P > 0,05, the conclusions is there is no differences of behavior in obedience diet therapy between male and female.
Keywords: behavior, obedience, diet, diabetes melitus
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3575
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
ind
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oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3576
2014-02-26T05:43:00Z
bkm:ART
"120620 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Musnitarini, Ira Paramastri, Atik Triratnawati, Luh Putu
Background: Malnutrition until this time is a great problem in Indonesia although the government has tried to control it. The Susenas data showed that the number of malnutrition in 1992 was 7,2% and then improved up to 8,8% in 2005. The effort of health promotion that has been conducted was Recovery Supplement Food (PMT-P).
Objective: This research was aimed to evaluate the implementation of promotion of giving the PMT-P in the effortof malnutrition case control in Gianyar district.
Method: This was a qualitative research that involved informants of health care provider (nutrition section, TPG of Primary Health Care and village midwife) and supported by informants of mother who have children under five years old who suffered from malnutrition. This research was conducted in Gianyar district and the data was collected with indepth interview and observation while data validity was conducted with source and method triangulation. Data analysis was conducted with fixed comparison method.
Result and Discussion: Informant of health care provider had good understanding on the promotion of PMT-P. The benefit of PMT-P promotion could increase the weigh and yet has not achieved normal rate as well as could help community. The negative side is the community will be dependent on the given promotion. The given counseling was not suitable with the standard that was without media, informant felt a heavy duties and expected that there will be an additional manpower from regional government. The proposal for program improvement was increasing the budget to fulfill the nutrition need in the quantity and quality.
Conclusion: Understanding toward promotion of PMT-P in controlling bad nutrition was quite good, PMT-P was implemented during 90 days such as with food package, milk powder, biscuit and green bean. Counseling was not intensive and without using media/equipment such as flip chart and food model. The given PMT-P that was given for malnutrition case not only consumed by the target but also by other family member. The promotion PMT-P should be continued with the improvement on quality and quantity in order to fulfill the nutrition need of children under five years old in achieving normal body weigh.
Keywords: promotion evaluation, PMT-P, malnutrition
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3576
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3577
2014-02-26T05:43:00Z
bkm:ART
"120620 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Ova Emilia, Koentjoro, Sodikin
Background: Culture often gives limitation for women in decision taking regarding their health. In fact, husbands play an absolute role to determine who will attend and help the delivery.
Objective: To explore husbands’ behavior in choosing and determining that will help their wife’s delivery.
Methods: This is a survey study using cross-sectional design. The samples were 110 husbands who had a wife delivering in Pekuncen Sub District’s primary health center, Banyumas District, Central Java, during the period of 1 January 2005 – 31 December 2005.
Results: The variables that had significant relationship in choosing and determining birth attendant were husbands’ education OR = 7.57 (95% Cl: 2.11 – 27.15), delivery cost OR = 6.77 (95% Cl: 2.06 – 22.28) and husbands’ trust OR = 0.15 (95% Cl: 0.04 – 0.55). Husbands with higher level of education had an opportunity of 7.5 times increased to choose and determine the birth attendant compared to those with lower lever of education. Husbands’ trust had an opportunity of 7 times decreased to choose and determine the birth attendant compared to those with no trust to the birth attendant. Expensive delivery cost would be 6.7 times increased the determination of the birth attendant by health provider compared to cheap delivery cost. It was because of some additional cost for the health provider that was relatively high. As a result, mean distribution curve of the birth attendant cost would tend to go to the right.
Conclusions: Husbands’ education, cost, and trust factors were the determinant factors in choosing and determining who would attend the delivery.
Keywords: health reproduction, husband, determining of child-birth assistant
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2009-03-01 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3577
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 25, No 1 (2009)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3578
2014-02-26T05:46:27Z
bkm:ART
"120619 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Cekti, Adiguno S.W., Sarah A.H., Khoirul A., Mohammad E.P., Datu R., Dyah A.R., Ika, Cindy
Background: The elderly makes up 10.9% and 15.5% of 720 residents in RW 18 Kelurahan Panembahan and 645 residents in RW 1 Kelurahan Patehan, respectively. Most of the elderly in both RW districts suffer from hypertension and ranks at third place among the 10 most prevalent diseases in Puskesmas Kraton in 2006. The prevalence of hypertension cases always increases year after year in both kelurahan. Therefore, hypertension gets more concern and support from stakeholders (the government, puskesmas, LSM) in the attempts of prevention and control, both in the form of health promotions and therapy.
Objective: To determine the incidence of hypertension, the level of awareness of the residents, and the risk factors that affect the elderly in RW 18 Kelurahan Panembahan and RW 1 Kelurahan Patehan, Kecamatan Kraton.
Method: This research is a descriptive observational study, with cross-sectional study design. The research subjects are the people within the society of Kelurahan Patehan and Kelurahan panembahan aged >60 years old. The numbers of samples obtained are 110 respondents. The instruments of this research are: calibrated aneroid sphygnomanometer, weighing scale, measuring tape, and questionnaires. Data analysis is done with the Chi-square test method and Fisher Exact test by using crosstabs, in addition to using the compare mean independent T-test.
Results: Hypertension is found to affect 59.3% of the elderly population in RW 1 Patehan and 55.36% of thepopulation in RW 18 Panembahan. Interestingly, this corresponds to the prevalence data collected by JNC VII which states that half of the population aged 60-69 years old suffers from hypertension. Further analysis done within this research shows that there is no significant correlation between the incidence of hypertension and the risk factors of BMI, smoking, exercise, diets with high salt content, and coffee. In RW 18 Kelurahan Panembahan, the p values for the risk factors mentioned above are 0.159; 1.000; 1.000; 0.367; and 0.446 respectively. In RW 1 Kelurahan Patehan, the p values are 0.181; 1.000; 0.901; 1.000; and not analyzable. Based on interview, the amount of salt consumption in both RW is somewhat difficult to determine in the field, as the food is cooked and prepared in each household for several family members at a time. It is difficult for the subjects to estimate how many tablespoonfuls of salt is used in the dishes because subjects are accustomed to use rough hand measurements in taking salt. In addition to that, parts of the society in the target environment prefer to buy instant foods. The same applies to coffee consumption; it is hard to estimate the amount consumed because it is not a routine activity, and each individual differs in the sense of how much coffee taken each day and which type of coffee is used. The consumption of cigarettes everyday also differs between one individual and the other and the average amount is below that which can cause increase in blood pressure.
Conclusion: The quantitative study in this research, supported with a qualitative study, shows that aspects of behavior are not risk factors that can cause hypertension. The incidence of hypertension in Kelurahan Patehan and Panemahan is related to age. Therefore, research is done regarding age distribution and hypertension incidence in the region, preceded by improvements in the instruments used to determine the levels of salt and caffein consumption and levels of stress. The residents of RW 1, Kelurahan Patehan and RW 18, Kelurahan Panembahan, Kecamatan Kraton may serve as models to illustrate that there is no correlation between risk factors and incidence of hypertension in an urban area with high levels of stress. Therefore, there is the need to do further research regarding cultural (Kraton) influences city toward another city center settlements stress factors that are related to hypertension.
Keywords: elderly, hypertension, risk factors, Kelurahan Patehan and Panembahan, Kecamatan Kraton
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3578
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3579
2014-02-26T05:46:27Z
bkm:ART
"120619 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Marchira, Sumarni P., Lusia P.W, Carla R
Background: Schizophrenia is considered as severe mental disorder which causes big burden in one’s life. After being hospitalized, schizophrenic patients will live with their family while do regular visitation to the hospital to get medical treatment under doctor’s supervision. Schizophrenic patient’s care often becomes a burden for the family, either financially, physically, and emotionally. Studies showed that many families have high expressed emotion due to high relapse rate on schizophrenic patient. Sex difference also affects course and schizophrenic prognosis. There are still limited data about these issues available in the field of mental health.
Objective: To observe correlation between families expressed emotion and relapse rate of schizophrenia patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital. We observed drug compliance and activity daily living of schizophrenia patients as well.
Method: This study used cross sectional design. Subjects were schizophrenic patients who were being treated at Dr Sardjito Hospital and their families. The sample size was 31. Instruments used in this study were: Expressed emotion instrument by Soekarto (2001), Compliance Scale by Widiyanto (2002), and ADL instrument. Data were analyzed with Chi-Square and Pearson Correlation test. We performed linear regression test to determine the contribution of expressed emotion towards patient’s relapse rate.
Result : Data collection showed that 61.3% schizophrenic patient’s families had high expressed emotion, meanwhile 74.2% schizophrenic patients were relapse. Chi-Square test showed significant correlation between patient family’s expressed emotion and schizophrenic patients relapse rate(X2=8,22; p<0,05). Pearson Correlation test also showed positive correlation between patient family’s expressed emotion and schizophrenic patients’ relapse rate (C=0,59). We found the r2=24,2%.
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between patient’s family expressed emotion with patient’s relapse rate. High expressed emotion of the family has contribution on increasing schizophrenic patients’ relapse rate.
Keywords : expressed emotion, relapse, schizophrenia, drug compliance, ADL
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3579
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3580
2014-02-26T05:46:27Z
bkm:ART
"120619 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Hastuti, Muhammad Hakimi, Djaswadi Dasuki, Lidia
Background: the decline of physical functions in older women specially the organs regarding to their sexuality functions causes the changes on sexual responses at all phases (desire, plateau, orgasms and resolution phases). Despite physiological factors, psychological factors such as anxiety can result in disorders in their sexual activity and function. Until recently, studies on sexual activity and function in old women are still rare so that a good study on the issue is needed.
Objective: this study was undertaken to know the association between anxiety and sexual activity and function among older women.
Method: it was an observational study with cross-sectional design. The subjects selected by cluster random sampling were 6,698 women over 50 years of age obtained from the data of longitudinal surveillance from CHN-RL, Faculty of Medicine, GMU in Purworejo District. The study instrument used was SAGE developed by WHO and the data analysis used was Stata program version 8. The hypothesis test was done by using multinominal logistic regression test.
Results: from the respondents observed, the women that still did sexual activity were 38.52% with the sexual dysfunction prevalence of 45.20% and the anxiety prevalence of 34.92%. Anxiety increased the risk of sexual dysfunction 1.5 times (OR=1.5 95%CI 1.4 – 1.9). Anxiety also increased the dissatisfaction in older women’s sexual life 1.1 times (OR=1.5 95%CI 1 – 1.3). Anxiety old women experienced declining of sexual frequency with OR of 1.2 for the activity frequency ‘occasionally’ and 0.7 for the activity frequency ‘often’.
Conclusion: anxiety in older women increased the risk of sexual dysfunction, dissatisfaction in sexual life and decreased the frequency of sexual activity. Other factor such as age, educational level, marital status, parity, heart disease and diabetes mellitus were other risk factors in old women’s sexual dysfunction.
Keywords: anxiety, activity and sexual function, older woman
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3580
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3581
2014-02-26T05:46:28Z
bkm:ART
"120619 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
S., Sonlimar M., Sarmalina
Background: Since 1987 PT Askes has been implementing the drug usage guideline which is called DPHO (Daftar dan Plafon Harga Obat).In order to encourage drug services efficiently and related to medical needs. In addition PT Askes has got benefits in medicine expenses that can lower it up to 40%. Although it has better guidence as long as implementations without being control continuously the aim of it can be far from hope. Through this study we want to examine how extent the drug usage in social health insurance.
Method: In this paper we used cross-sectional study, using entry data base prescriptions from the entire social health insurance participant related in to the first care outpatient and advanced care outpatient. All of the patients originally based on polyclinics hospital services in RSMH during 2007. All of prescriptions we used as data resources. All these data were observed and analyzed performed in descriptive and tabulation.
Results: The result of this study shows that we got 140.256 pieces of per encounter during 2007 with total cost Rp10.657.075.126,00. The average cost per encounter is Rp75.983,00 range from Rp231,00 to Rp5.151.227,00. The average number of drug per encounter is 4,4 and the percentage drug used of antibiotics is 10,81%.
Conclusion: This study comes to conclusion that the prescriptions costs in social health insurance outpatient was high enough. It is cost by certain prescriptions, polifarmacy, and diverse drugs usage in overuse prescribing category such as vitamin neurotropic and drug used in AH2 receptor blocker like as ranitidin that has been prescribed for alleviating gastrointestinal effect.
Keywords: drug utilities, social health insurance, health care, outpatient
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3581
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3582
2014-02-26T05:46:28Z
bkm:ART
"120619 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Febriliana, Purwanta, Dwi Harjanta, Nur Indah
Background: The age for the initiation of smoking tends to be younger every year. The result of a study shows that the initiation of smoking tends to be less than 20 years of age. Whereas according to another study in four of Senior high schools of Yogyakarta randomly chosen, the proportion of male smokers (trial and active smokers) is equal, i.e. 28.3%. There are factors which cause teenagers to smoke, one of which is personality factor. This study observes the relationship between types of personality (extrovert, introvert and ambivert) and attitude about smoking among male teenagers.
Objective: To identify the relationship between types of personality and attitude of male teenagers about smoking at SMK 2 of Yogyakarta.
Method: This was a survey with cross sectional design. There were as many as 59 respondents consisted of 30 respondents of grade I and 29 respondents of grade II chosen using proportionate stratified random sampling technique. Instruments of the study were questionnaires and data analysis used chi square at deviation=2.
Result: There were 31 students of ambivert personality (52.5 %). The majority of respondents had positive attitude about smoking, i.e. 33 respondents (55.9%). Students of introvert personality tended to have positive attitude as many as 14.625 times higher than those of extrovert personality. The result of data analysis showed that X2=9.323 and p=0.009with N=59, deviation=2. When p<0.05 CI95%, HO was denied. Therefore since p=0.009 and p<0.05, HO was denied. Accordingly it could be concluded that there was relationship between types of personality and attitude of male teenagers about smoking.
Conclusion: There was relationship between types of personality and attitude of male teenagers about smoking at SMK 2 of Yogyakarta.
Keywords: extrovert, introvert, ambivert, attitude, smoking, teenagers
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3582
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3583
2014-02-26T05:46:28Z
bkm:ART
"120619 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Auliana, Hainur Fardatin, Rizqie
Background: This study aims to see 1) knowledge concerning nutrition 2) knowledge concerning heart sickness and applying 13 message of base in everyday life mothers’ participant of active healthy heart club which have done effort operation of heart sickness risk.
Method: Research type is survey with location research of Kalurahan Pleret District of Pleret Sub-Province of Bantul Yogyakarta. Population Research is homogen with housewife criterion have age 20-55 year with consideration of risk factor at woman happened age 55 year so that before age are they have prepared herself healthy life. Research Sample selected by simple sampling random counted 30 housewife people participant of active healthy heart club ( gymnastic group) and 30 housewife people is not participant of healthy heart club (not gymnastic group). Research data collected use 3 instruments that are knowledge test of nutrition, test knowledge of heart sickness and questioner applying 13 messages of PUGS. Validity and reliability instrument as data collectors with correlation product moment test and kruder-richardson technique.
Result and conclusion: Result of research show 1) knowledge of nutrition between gymnastic group and not gymnastic group have difference 0,6. In gymnastic group 29 people is good and not gymnastic group 27 people is good, with mean assess gymnastic group 14,97 and not gymnastic group 14,37, meaning most researches sampel have owned knowledge of good gizi, 2) knowledge concerning heart sickness between group have difference 0,27, all sample have good knowledge of heart sickness with mean assess gymnastic group 13,75 and not gymnastic group 13,1, and 3) all sampel have good applied 13 message of base of PUGS better in everyday life, this matter for gymnastic group have as according to behavioral theory that good knowledge is basis for behavior.
Keywords : PUGS, heart disease, SJS
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3583
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3584
2014-02-26T05:46:28Z
bkm:ART
"120619 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Wawolumaya, Corrie
Background: Hypertension is one of the degenerative diseases which killed about 7,2 mill people, about 13 % of the total death worldly. In Indonesia the disease has become more popular, It was reported that Indonesia had got a quite high prevalence of hypertension , among male 24,9%, female 23,6% , elderly 33,3 % , SUTETI 500 kV is the Extra High Electrical Energy Transmission lines transferring the energy from the Electrical Power Installation to the consumers via the connection of Power Relay station. The SUTETI electromagnetic exposure many times has been connected with diseases and mental emotional disorders used to be experienced by patients with hypertension such as head ache, dizziness, easily get angry, heavy neck as well as stroke. These health disturbances have been considered by many people as SUTETI’s negative health impact among people living underneath. Most of the times were used by public as the major reasons against the installation of SUTETI wire network.
Method: The aim of study is to identify the relation between SUTETI exposure and hypertension, and its related factors among population living underneath. Another objective of study is to identify the relation between mental emotional factors and hypertension. The population was people living underneath SUTETI 0-100 ms right and left away from the towers. The number of samples collected was about 2000 people with the calculated sample size 753 and were stratified into three zones, zone 1 , 0-30 ms right and left from the tower, zone 2 , 30-70 ms and zone 3 ,70-100 ms. The independent variables were sociodemographic factors i.e., age, sex, education, income , length of stay at home, duration of stay at the location, besides smoking habit, annoyance, satisfaction, electrical field dose , magnetic field dose and zone . Blood chemistry examined were cholesterol and nutritional status besides melatonin, mental emotional and sleeping disorders.
Result and conclusions: Study results reported that the highest outside the house measurements of the electric field was in zone 1 , 3,2 kV/m and magnetic field was 6,7 X 10-² mT , both were still lower than the National Standard of SUTETI in Indonesia – SNI 2003 , 5 kV/m and 0,1 mT. The prevalence of hypertension based on zone were significant , zone 1, 14,14%, zone 2 , 11,31% and zone 3, 5,66 % ( p = 0,004) The logistic regression function analysis identified two determinants, duration of stay ( p = 0,044 ) ; OR 3,85 (95 %CI :1,04 – 14, 12) ; income ( p = 0,019 , OR 15, 891 ( 95% CI: 1,578 – 169,97). People living > 30 years under the SUTETI towers (0 – 100ms ) will be risky 3,85 times to get hypertension than people living less than 30 years. Also people with less income had the risk 16 times to get hypertension compared to middle income. The results did not reveal any specific evidence of association between the electromagnetic exposure and hypertension. The logistic regression function also did not identify any association between mental emotional disorders and sleeping disorders towards hypertension.
Keywords: hypertension, SUTETI, mental emotional disorders
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-12-04 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3584
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 4 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3587
2014-02-26T05:56:24Z
bkm:ART
"120618 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Djaswadi Dasuki, Hari Kusnanto, Asniati
Background: The incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is increasing dramatically especially in tropical areas. DHF can cause death. It is predicted that 25 thousand people die every year because of DHF. Control of DHF through fogging and use of abate can reduce population of Aedes aegypti mosquitos but it is costly and use in improper dosage can cause resistance to insecticide. The best way to prevent the disease is eradicating vector larvae through 3 activities (draining, burying and covering). Such efforts can be done by mothers in their household. Meanwhile in doing these efforts mothers may be influenced by some factors, i.e. mass media, knowledge and attitude of mothers about DHF.
Objective: The objective of the study was to identify factors related to mothers’ behavior in preventing hemorrhagic fever in the household.
Method: This was an observational study with cross sectional design. The sample of the study was as many as 100 mothers. Data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate techniques.
Result: Variable of role of mass media was statistically significant as predictor of DHF prevention behavior (p<0.05) with moderate relationship level (r=0.352). Variables of knowledge and attitude were statistically significant with p<0.05 but they had negative relationship.
Conclusion: Mass media can significantly affect mothers’ behavior in preventing DHF in the household.
Keywords: mass media, knowledge, attitude, DHF, prevention
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3587
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
oai:jurnal.ugm.ac.id:article/3588
2014-02-26T05:56:24Z
bkm:ART
"120618 2012 eng "
0215-1936
dc
Rahmawati, Retna Siwi Padmawati, Rendra Widyatama, Elfi
Background: Diarrhea is one of environmental based diseases and still the cause of major health problems in Indonesia. It is attributed to the poor condition of basic sanitation, physical environment and the poor behavior of community in personal hygiene. Diarrhea is considered as one of the infectious diseases and the main cause of mortality and morbidity in children under-five particularly under two-years old. Various health promotion activities have been conducted to control diarrhea disease, yet the diarrhea incident rate still high. Even for certain period there has been an increasing number of diarrhea patients.
Objective: This research was aimed at describing the community’s need for the health education of diarrhea prevention.
Method: This was a qualitative research using case study approach. Data collection was conducted by in depth interview, focus group discussion, observation and document study. Research informants were mothers who have children below two years old and health education stakeholders. Data was analyzed using interactive analysis.
Result: The promotion program for diarrhea prevention that has been conducted in Primary Health Care of Piyungan was not able to diminish various inappropriate perceptions and assumptions toward diarrhea. The community could not see the relation between diarrhea with environment and breastfeeding. Community’s need toward diarrhea information was all materials related with diarrhea. The method to convey was through speech that used leaflet, folder and booklet. The information source that suitable to give information was health care provider in regulars meeting every month.
Conclusion: the suitable health promotion for diarrhea is speech by health provider using leaflet, booklet and folder. Education material should be focused on diarrhea prevention, especially on the relationship between environment and breastfeeding and diarrhea incidents.
Keywords: need assessment, promotion program, diarrhea prevention
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Gadjah Mada
2008-09-03 00:00:00
\"application/octet-stream\"
https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/bkm/article/view/3588
Berita Kedokteran Masyarakat; Vol 24, No 3 (2008)
ind
Copyright (c)
378447e9d37e43936fdddc6126543b8a