A High-Frequency Surface Wave Radar Simulation Using FMCW Technique for Ship Detection

Ahmad Nugroho Jati; Ahmad Fauzi Haqqoni; Iswandi Iswandi; Risanuri Hidayat

doi:10.22146/ijitee.56344

A High-Frequency Surface Wave Radar Simulation Using FMCW Technique for Ship Detection

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijitee.56344

Ahmad Nugroho Jati^(1*), Ahmad Fauzi Haqqoni⁽²⁾, Iswandi Iswandi⁽³⁾, Risanuri Hidayat⁽⁴⁾

(1) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Indonesia is an archipelagic country with a vast sea area. This vast sea area becomes a challenge in conducting regional surveillance to maintain maritime conditions. The use of buoys and satellites still has shortcomings in carrying out surveillance despite its excellent surveillance capabilities. A high-frequency radar technology with 3-30 MHz frequency and surface wave propagation are very suitable because it has a radar range that can cross the horizon or commonly refer to as Over the Horizon (OTH). The Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) technique on this radar obtains distance and velocity information by a continuously transmitted frequency modulation. The use of radar in Indonesia for marine surveillance is still infrequent. Therefore, it is relatively difficult to conduct testing and obtain data. In addition, the direct examination requires extended time, so a simulation program is needed. This paper discusses the design of a High-Frequency Surface Wave Radar (HFSWR) simulation program using FMCW modulation technique. The simulation program detected two objects based on time delays due to the distance and velocity of the object with a maximum range of 350 km. It displayed the results in an informative manner. The object detection was based on the results of the Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) from the mixed signals. The mixed signal is a combination of transmitted signal and reflected signal in which there are time delay components due to the object. The simulation program had been tested with input values of distance and velocity that vary, both for one object and two objects, in the radial direction. It generated output that was close to the input value with a level of accuracy of ± 2 km.

Keywords

Fast Fourier Transform; FMCW; Doppler Frequency; HFSWR; Radar

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijitee.56344