Deteksi dan Monitoring Polusi Udara Berbasis Array Sensor Gas
Hafiizh Ashshiddiqi Prabowo Jati(1*), Danang Lelono(2)
(1) 
(2) Jurusan Ilmu Komputer dan Elektronika, FMIPA UGM, Yogyakarta
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Abstrak
Keterbatasan indera penciuman manusia dalam mendeteksi keberadaan gas-gas polutan dapat membahayakan kesehatan. Telah dibuat sebuah alat deteksi dan monitoring polusi udara berbasis array sensor gas. Tingkat keakuratan hasil pengukuran ditingkatkan menggunakan beberapa sensor dengan kemampuan mendeteksi beberapa gas polutan yang sama.
Perangkat dibuat menggunakan sebuah array sensor gas yang terdiri delapan sensor, perangkat board Arduino berbasis mikrokontroler ATMega 2560, dan layar LCD sebagai penampil. Program yang diimplementasikan dalam mikrokontroler ditulis menggunakan aplikasi Arduino IDE 1.0 dan peralatan dikalibrasi menggunakan udara bebas bersih. Dalam pengujiannya, peralatan digunakan untuk mengukur berbagai sampel gas polutan dan gas polutan di lima jalan raya di Yogyakarta yang padat dengan lalu-lintas kendaraan bermotor.
Beberapa sensor yang digunakan untuk mengukur gas hidrogen dapat menunjukkan kedekatan hasil pengukuran sebesar 0,09 ppm, gas butana sebesar 0,33 ppm, gas CO sebesar 0,4 ppm, dan gas H2S serta etanol sebesar 0,03 ppm. Sensor TGS 6812 hanya peka terhadap gas berkonsentrasi tinggi sedangkan sensor TGS 2602 mempunyai sensitivitas yang buruk terhadap gas hidrogen. Pengujian penggunakan sampel gas polutan menghasilkan hasil yang baik ketika konsentrasi gas tidak melebihi range kemampuan deteksi sensor. Pengukuran konsentrasi gas polutan di jalan raya menunjukkan konsentrasi rata-rata gas butana sebesar 10,99 ppm sudah melewati batas aman.
Kata kunci—polusi udara, array sensor gas, jalan raya, kedekatan hasil pengukuran
Abstract
Limitation of human smelling sense in detecting the presence of air pollutans can cause health issue. By using gas sensor array, an air pollution detector and monitoring device has been made. The accuracy of the measurement is improved by using some gas sensors to detect one type of pollutant gas.
The device is build using an array consist of nine gas sensors, an Arduino Mega 2560 board, and a LCD display. The program is written and compiled using Arduino IDE 1.0. The device is calibrated in free clean air, tested using several pollutant gas samples, and used to measure pollutants concentration in five major streets in Yogyakarta which have heavy traffic.
Measurement result closeness from sensors for hydrogen, butane, CO, H2S, and ethanol is as close as 0.09 ppm, 0.33 ppm, 0.4 ppm, and 0.03 ppm respectively. TGS 6812 gas sensor is suitable for detecting high concentration gases. TGS 2602 has a bad respond in detecting hydrogen gas. When tested using pollutant gas samples, the device was able to give good results as long as the concentration measured is within the sensors detection range. The average concentration of butane gas in five major streets is above the safety limit.
Keywords— air pollution, gas sensor array, street, measurement result closeness
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
[1] Zampolli, S., Elmi, I., Ahmed F., Passini, M., Cardinali, G.C., Nicoletti, S., Dori, L., 2004, An electronic nose based on solid state sensor arrays for low-cost indoor air quality monitoring applications. http:// www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/
S0925400504000784 diakses tanggal 8 Maret 2012.
[2] Wicaksono, Y. dan Suismono, A., 2010, Deteksi Gas Berbahaya CO, CO2, dan NOx dengan Penampil Dot Matrix dan Level Bahaya serta Besarnya, http://digilib.its.ac.id/public/ITS-NonDegree-14525-paperpdf.pdf diakses tanggal 15 Januari 2013.
[3] Di Lecce, V., Calabrese, M., Dario, R., 2010, Computational-based Volatile Organic Compounds discrimination: an experimental low-cost setup, IEEE International Conference on Computational Intelligence for Measurement Systems and Applications Taranto (CIMSA2010), Taranto.
[4] Swandanu, D., 2011, Sistem Pemantauan Kondisi Udara dengan Transmisi Radio Frekuensi, Skripsi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
[5] Bartlett, P. N. and Gardner, J. W., 1992, In Sensors and Sensory Systems for an Electronic Nose, eds. Gardner, J. W. & Bartlett, P. N., Kluwer Academic, the Netherlands, p. 31.
[6] LeBlanc, M., 2010, A Design for a Remote Fuel Oil Gauge II, http://blog.generaleccentric.net/ ?p=336, diakses tanggal 27 Maret 2013.
[7] EPA, 2012, Six Common Pollutants : Nitrogen Dioxide, http://www.epa.gov/airquality/
nitrogenoxides/ diakses tanggal 6 September 2012.
[8] EPA, 2012, Carbon Monoxide : Health, http://www.epa.gov/airquality/carbonmonoxide
/health.html, diakses tanggal 6 September 2012.
[9] US Departement of Labor – Occupational Safety & Health Adminstration. 2012, Chemical Sampling Information – Carbon dioxide, http://www.osha.gov/dts/chemicalsampling/
data/CH_225400.html diakses tanggal 27 Maret 2013.
[10] Anonim, 1999, Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 41 tahun 1999 Tentang Baku Mutu Udara Ambien Nasional, http://www.hukumonline.com/pusatdata/download/
lt4ea9526979f77/parent/368, diakses tanggal 7 September 2012.
[11] Pupuk Kaltim, 2009, Material Safety Datasheet: Ammonia, www.pupukkaltim.com/img/
images//pageMSDS%20Amoniak.pdf diakses tanggal 8 Oktober 2012.
[12] Airgas, 2010, Material Safety Datasheet, www.airgas.com/documents/pdf/001029.pdf, diakses 27 Maret 2013.
[13] CEN, 2004, Material Safety Data Sheet for Ethanol, www.cen.iitb.ac.in/cen/usage-policies
/msds/ethanol.pdf diakses tanggal 8 Oktober 2012.
[14] Akbar, A.T., 2011, Prototipe Sistem Pengukur Dan Penyimpan Data Konsentrasi Alkohol (C2H5OH) Pada Minuman Menggunakan Sensor TGS 2620 Dan SD Card, Skripsi, Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.
[15] Zhang, Z., Tong, J., Chen, D., Lan, Y., 2008, Electronic Nose with an Air Sensor Matrix for Detecting Beef Freshness, Journal of Bionic Engineering, 1, 5, 67−73, naldc.nal.usda.gov/download/35909/PDF.
[16] Hanwei Electronics, 2012, MG811 : CO2 Gas Sensor, www.hwsensor.com, diakses
tanggal 13 Februari 2012.
[17] McGee, M., 2012. Earth CO2 Home Page. www.co2now.org diakses tanggal 8
Oktober 2012.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijeis.3889
Article Metrics
Abstract views : 13859 | views : 10727Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2013 IJEIS - Indonesian Journal of Electronics and Instrumentation Systems
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
View My Stats1