Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anticancer Effectiveness of Some New Metal Ions Complexes with Azo Dye: Synthesis and Characterization

Vian Yamin Jirjees; Abbas Ali Al-Hamdan

doi:10.22146/ijc.104167

Evaluation of the Antioxidant and Anticancer Effectiveness of Some New Metal Ions Complexes with Azo Dye: Synthesis and Characterization

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.104167

Vian Yamin Jirjees^(1*), Abbas Ali Al-Hamdan⁽²⁾

(1) Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region 42001, Duhok, Iraq
(2) Department of Chemistry, College of Science for Women, University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10071, Iraq
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

This paper presents a new azo dye 3-[2-(1H-indol-2-yl)ethyldiazenyl]quinolin-2-ol] from the reaction of the diazonium salt derived from tryptamine and 2-hydroxyquinoline. Azo dye was used to prepare a series of complexes with the chlorides of Ni(II), Pt(IV), Pd(II), Cd(II), and Zn(II). Compounds were analyzed and characterized using elemental analysis, magnetic measurement, UV-vis, IR, MS, NMR, and conductivity. The findings demonstrated that the ligand acts as ionic in complex form, O-bidentate, supporting the proposed formula. The complexes generally exhibited tetrahedral and octahedral geometries, except the palladium complex, which adopted a square planar geometry. TGA was used to investigate the thermal characteristics of compounds. The ligand dissociated in a single step, whereas the complexes dissociated through multiple steps, exhibiting greater thermal stability than the ligand. This study explored the antioxidant and anticancer activities of compounds. The results indicate that compounds are more effective in scavenging free radicals, as measured by their IC₅₀ values, and determined the order of inhibitory effect of compounds to be gallic acid > [Ni(L)₂(H₂O)₂] > [Pt(L)₂Cl₂] > [Pd(L)₂] >ligand > [Cd(L)₂] > [Zn(L)₂]. The ligand showed significant anticancer activity, with a lower IC₅₀ value of 49.86 μg/mL than the complexes, indicating greater efficacy against cancer cells MCF-7.

Keywords

anticancer; antioxidant; thermal analysis; azo dye complexes; mass spectra

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijc.104167