Antiviral activities of curcumin and 6‐gingerol against infection of four dengue virus serotypes in A549 human cell line in vitro

Jonathan Alvin Nugraha Halim; Stefanie Natalia Halim; Dionisius Denis; Sotianingsih Haryanto; Edi Dharmana; Rebriarina Hapsari; R. Tedjo Sasmono; Benediktus Yohan

doi:10.22146/ijbiotech.60174

Antiviral activities of curcumin and 6‐gingerol against infection of four dengue virus serotypes in A549 human cell line in vitro

https://doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.60174

Jonathan Alvin Nugraha Halim⁽¹⁾, Stefanie Natalia Halim⁽²⁾, Dionisius Denis⁽³⁾, Sotianingsih Haryanto⁽⁴⁾, Edi Dharmana⁽⁵⁾, Rebriarina Hapsari⁽⁶⁾, R. Tedjo Sasmono⁽⁷⁾, Benediktus Yohan^(8*)

(1) Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275
(2) Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275
(3) Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Agency for Research and Innovation, Jl. Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430
(4) University of Jambi, Jl. Jambi ‐ Muara Bulian Muaro and Siloam Hospital, Jl. Soekarno‐Hatta, Jambi 36139
(5) Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275
(6) Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Jl. Prof. Sudarto SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275
(7) Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Agency for Research and Innovation, Jl. Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430
(8) Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Ministry of Research and Technology/National Agency for Research and Innovation, Jl. Diponegoro 69, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

Dengue virus (DENV) is the most geographically widespread arbovirus causing dengue disease epidemics in tropical and subtropical regions. Nature provides abundant plants as a source for lead molecules against various diseases including DENV infection. We investigated the antiviral effect of curcumin and 6‐gingerol, the major active constituent of turmeric (Curcuma longa Linn.) and ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe), respectively, against all four serotypes of DENV infecting human lung epithelial carcinoma (A549) cell line in vitro. Both compounds generated cell cytotoxicity to A549 cells at CC50 values of 108 µM for curcumin and 210 µM for 6‐gingerol. The compound curcumin showed antiviral properties as described by IC50 of 20.60, 13.95, 25.54, and 12.35 µM, while 6‐gingerol of 14.70, 14.17, 78.76, and 112.84 µM for DENV‐1, ‐2, ‐3, and ‐4, respectively. Different levels of antiviral properties were observed between DENV serotypes. Our findings suggest that the antiviral assay of compounds against DENV should be performed to all four serotypes and not limited to a particular serotype. In conclusion, curcumin and 6‐gingerol exhibit antiviral properties against DENV infection and could provide a new therapeutic approach for dengue disease treatment strategies.

Keywords

6‐gingerol; A549; antivirus; curcumin; dengue virus; natural product

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/ijbiotech.60174