ENERGY SYSTEM DESIGN IN PACITAN REGENCY-EAST JAVA PROVINCE

The


Background
The primary energy used in Indonesia is still derived from fossil energy. Fossil energy is very limited in resources and takes a long time to recover, and the system for processing is not environmentally friendly (Syahputra & Soesanti, 2021) (Panjaitan & Abduh, 2020). So, if demand continues to increase and continues to be used, it can lead to scarcity. The increasing need to be met requires renewable and environmentally friendly energy (Surya et al., 2021) (Tambunan et al., 2020).
Indonesia is an archipelago island country, so each region has different potential resources (Syahputra & Soesanti, 2021) (Reyseliani & Purwanto, 2021). One of them is Pacitan Regency. Pacitan Regency is located in east java province. Pacitan was known as a tourism city or a city of a thousand caves; besides, Pacitan has renewable energy potential such as thermal and wind (Tumiran et al., 2021). It potential resources for fulfilled energy demands (Fikriyyah & Boedoyo, 2021). Furthermore, energy demand were grow speedly. Electricity needs in Pacitan still support coal power plant, while its growth demand have been increasing every year (Erdiwansyah et al., 2021).

Methodology
Preliminary Studies, Experiments, and Data Collection data required and collected are: From Secondary Data and seeing the potential in the area for constructing renewable energy power plants (Hariyadi, 2021).

A. Regional Profile
Pacitan Regency is located at the southwestern tip of East Java Province, directly boundary to Ponorogo Regency and Wonogiri Regency (Central Java Province) to the north, Indonesian Ocean to the south, Wonogiri Regency to the west, and Trenggalek Regency to the east. The area of Pacitan Regency is 1,389.87 km 2, with an average distance of 307.83 km in the area by the district. Most of the area is in hills, mountains, cliffs, and the Thousand Mountains that stretch along with Java. Administratively, Pacitan is divided into 12 districts. Tulakan regency is the largest area, 161.62 km 2, and Sudimoro District is the smallest area, 71.86 km 2. Astronomically, the Pacitan district is located between 7.55 ° -8.17 ° S and 110.55 ° -111.25 ° east java. The average air temperature in 2019 was 32.5°C, and the average humidity was between 24.5%. While the rainfall this year reached 2,154 mm and solar radiation by 38.71 percent.

B. Population
The population of the Pacitan regency in 2018 amounted to 554,394 people, consisting of 270,708 men and History: Online version is available on http://journal.ugm.ac.id/index.php/ajse 283,686 women. With an area of 1,389.87 km 2, each km 2 is inhabited by 399 people. At the same time, the population growth rate is 0.18%. Total population and population growth rate in Pacitan based on gender and age-prone grouping to project electrical energy needs. Comparison value of population growth with growth rate grouped by sub-district in Pacitan Regency.  Energy supply by 2030 can meet 100% of electricity needs.
In that year, 70% of the supply came from two renewable energy resources, while 30% came from coal-fired power plants.

D. Estimating install renewable energy power plant:
The largest renewable energy power plant supply in 2025 installs of Pump power plant storage 1,000 MW in Pacitan Regency (following PLN RUPTL, 2017), while in 2050, the most significant renewable power plant provision will be develop of a solar power plant which is estimated at 5,000 MW. East Java has considerable solar potential (Riansyah, Septi & Chalid, Dony A., 2020). The river in Pacitan Regency is an alternative source of hydropower.
The river has located in the upper part of the Pacitan Regency and has many mountainous areas. Some of the government's efforts have been building dams for various purposes such as rice irrigation, flood prevention, and tourism. Pacitan Regency has a Tukul dam built in the Arjosari area with a potential of 0.64 MWH/Year, Construction Implementation in 2013-2017. Hydropower development with a total target of at least 412 MW by 2025 and PLT Pump Storage with a total target of at least 1000 MW by 2025. The potential of solar for the development of solar power plants in Pacitan regency has the potential of renewable energy that is quite promising but not yet maximized for the benefit of the citizens. One of them is a solar power plant. Radiation Intensity in Pacitan is 4,300 Wh/m 2 [5], and the average air temperature is 32.5 0 C. Solar Radiation is 38.71%.
If it can be appropriately used, this alternative energy source can be a solution to meet the energy needs in remote areas. The head of the Energy and Ground Water Office of the Pacitan Priharto Mining Office confirmed on Wednesday (22/6) that there are still 152 hamlets that have not been able to enjoy according to the current data electricity. The reason is due to geographical conditions. Such as Panjing Village, Bandar Village, Bandar District, Ngemplak Hamlet, Sugihwaras Village, Pringkuku Subdistrict, and Wonosobo Village area, Ngadirojo Subdistrict. Installation costs will be more expensive when using power from the National power plant (PLN) of Indonesia. Infrastructure is needed than in any other area. In 2002, the government rolled out the solar power plant renewable energy program through central and provincial assistance.
However, many solar power plant devices currently do not work due to the high cost of maintenance. Of the 751 households that have used solar power plants, 20% are no longer used. Most of the damage is to electrical energy storage panels. In addition to outdated usage issues, Online version is available on http://journal.ugm.ac.id/index.php/ajse damage to the power device is estimated due to minimal maintenance. The battery will last between 3-4 years with a recorded maintenance record according to the life span. As an illustration, to buy an electrical device in a 12-volt battery, solar power plant users must pay between Rp 800-Rp 900.
That much value is certainly large enough for residents who live in remote areas and only make a living as farmers or laborers. Install waste to energy power plant and biomass fuel development with a total target capacity of at least 84 Megawatt. by 2025 for the whole of East Java. A micro-hydro power plant has been installed in Tokawi Village, Nawangan subdistrict with 18 kVa and five kVa. Install wind turbine power plant, Pacitan wind speed has considerable potential because it is located in coastal areas.    Result based on RUED, its scenario to meet 70%, EBT 30% power plant can be used hydropower and hydropower so that the construction of hydropower with a total target of at least 412 MW in 2025 and Pump Storage with a total target of at least 1000 MW by 2025. Construction of wind turbine power plant with a total capacity target of at least 70 Megawatt in 2025 and 300 megawatts in 2050.

E. Projected energy fulfillment until 2030
Design an energy system that can supply 100% of the region's electricity needs by 2030. In that year, 70% of the supply came from two renewable energy resources, while 0% from coal power plants. Estimate the investment cost of renewable energy-based power plants. Pacitan  Growth population in Pacitan (Dewayana et al., 2011). Pattern population growth was calculated: (1) Based on above, So is total population in year t , 0 is first year population, is population growt rate, is periode time So, −1 is household frist growth in the year, is coeffisien factor household = .

Results & Discussions
Projection electricity based on data for the calculation power plant, which is shown below:  In comparison, Electricity is the driving force of Indonesia's economic growth and one way to double the amount of GDP per capita to 5,500 US dollars in 2019. It needs to increase its electricity capacity. Moreover, capacity needs to be improved because Indonesia is currently faced with the reality of growing electricity needs. The acceleration of the electricity capacity increase cannot offset the rise. Furthermore, this can start from the district if each region is committed to harnessing the potential of renewable energy that will help the government install independence in terms of power.
In 2030, the population of Pacitan district will reach 566,413 people, with energy consumption in 2030 of 843.85 kWh/capita. The demand required in the population by 2030 is 187,613 MWh. Based on energy savings from the economic side affected by the utilization of new and renewable energy resources. It is necessary to calculate operating costs. It is assumed that operating costs are created simultaneously, and analysis is limited to fuel costs for two scenarios: Mix energy 70% + 30% steam from steam power plant 100%.

Conclusion
Energy planning in Pacitan with population growth increasing every year. Energy potential mapping includes micro-hydro, solar, wind, and biomass. Steam power plants still supply the fulfillment of energy in Pacitan for now. Energy planning scenarios include 100% steam power plants, 30% steam power plants with 70% renewable energy in 2030. Pump storage and wind power plants are the mainstay of renewable energy generation; on the other hand, solar power plants have an essential role in developing renewable energy. The largest consumption in the household sector from the simulation results is a decrease in the impact of emissions.

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