BANK SAMPAH SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF STRATEGI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH BERBASIS MASYARAKAT DI TASIKMALAYA (Bank Sampah (Waste Banks) as an Alternative of Community-Based Waste Management Strategy in Tasikmalaya)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Perubahan paradigma masyarakat mengenai sampah perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan. Edukasi kesadaraan dan keterampilan warga untuk pengelolaan sampah dengan penerapan prinsip reduce, reuse, recycle dan replant (4R) penting dalam penyelesaian masalah sampah melalui pengelolaan sampah sejak dari sumbernya. Bank sampah yang berbasiskan partisipasi warga perempuan merupakan modal sosial dalam pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat. Bank sampah yang diintegrasikan dengan prinsip 4R dilaksanakan di Kampung Karangresik, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. Kegiatan bank sampah merupakan konsep pengumpulan sampah kering dan dipilah serta memiliki manajemen layaknya perbankan tapi yang ditabung bukan uang melainkan sampah. Pemberdayaan warga melalui kegiatan penyuluhan, edukasi, pelatihan dengan metode partisipasi emansipatoris (interaksi dan komunikasi), serta dialog dengan warga di komunitas. Selain itu diperlukan dukungan kemitraan dengan membangun jejaring dan mekanisme kerja sama kelembagaan antara warga pengelola bank sampah dengan stakeholder terkait. Bank Sampah Pucuk Resik (BSPR) di Kampung Karangresik ini telah memberikan manfaat kepada warga, terutama manfaat langsung dengan berkurangnya timbulan sampah di komunitas, lingkungan menjadi lebih bersih dan asri, serta kemandirian warga secara ekonomi. Selain manfaat secara ekonomi, dimana dari tabungan sampah memperoleh uang untuk membayar listrik dan membeli sembako, juga terwujudnya kesehatan lingkungan, dengan kondisi komunitas yang lebih bersih, hijau, nyaman, dan sehat. Pengelolaan sampah terintegrasi dapat menstimulasi kreativitas dan inovasi dari masyarakat sehingga meningkatkan kesejahteraan warga.

ABSTRACT

Change of paradigm in community about the waste needs to be done with sustainable action. Education of awareness and skills of citizen for waste management with the application of the principle of reduce, reuse, recycle and replant (4R) is important in solving the waste problem through waste management from the source. Bank sampah (the waste bank) with participation of women in community are the social capital of community-based waste management. Bank sampah integrated with 4R principles implemented in at Kampung Karangresik, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. Activity of bank sampah is the concept of dry waste collection and sorting as well as having appropriate management of banking, not the money saved, but trash. Empowerment of citizens through counseling, education, training with the method of participation-emancipatory (interaction and communication), as well as dialogue with the citizens in the community. Besides of that, the necessary of partnerships, networking and institutional cooperation mechanism between the citizens of the waste bank managers with local stakeholders. Bank Sampah Pucuk Resik (BSPR) in Kampung Karangresik provides benefits to citizens, especially the direct benefits with reduced waste generation in the community, the environment becomes more clean and beautiful, as well as the economic independence of citizens. In addition to economic benefits from saving litter, citizens earned money to pay for electricity and buy groceries, as well as the realization of environmental health with the condition of environment that is more clean, green, comfortable, and healthy. Integrated waste management can stimulate creativity and innovation so as to improve the welfare of the community.