RESPON SEMUT TERHADAP KERUSAKAN ANTROPOGENIK DALAM HUTAN LINDUNG SIRIMAU AMBON (Ants Response to Damage Anthropogenic in Sirimau Forest Ambon)

Fransina Latumahina; Musyafa Musyafa; Sumardi Sumardi; Nugroho Susetya Putra

doi:10.22146/jml.18739

RESPON SEMUT TERHADAP KERUSAKAN ANTROPOGENIK DALAM HUTAN LINDUNG SIRIMAU AMBON (Ants Response to Damage Anthropogenic in Sirimau Forest Ambon)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18739

Fransina Latumahina^(1*), Musyafa Musyafa⁽²⁾, Sumardi Sumardi⁽³⁾, Nugroho Susetya Putra⁽⁴⁾

(1) Program Doktor Ilmu Kehutanan, Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta, Jl. Agro No.1 Bulaksumur, Sleman Yogyakarta 55281
(2) Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta, Jl. Agro No.1 Bulaksumur, Sleman Yogyakarta 55281
(3) Fakultas Kehutanan, Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta, Jl. Agro No.1 Bulaksumur, Sleman Yogyakarta 55281
(4) Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Gajah Mada Yogyakarta. Jl. Flora Bulaksumur, Sleman Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengkaji respon semut terhadap kerusakan habitat akibat kehadiran manusia dalam hutan lindung Sirimau Ambon. Penelitian dilaksanakan dari bulan Juni 2011 hingga Juli 2012. Respon semut diketahui dengan pendekatan kekayaan, kelimpahan, keragaman, frekuensi dan tanggap fungsional terhadap kerusakan antropogenik dalam hutan lindung melalui metode line transect. Parameter tambahan yang diamati adalah faktor iklim mikro, sifat fisik dan kimia tanah. Hasil penelitian menemukan 23 spesis semut, 16601 individu, kelimpahan spesis tertinggi sebesar 0,158, frekuensi 32,44 % dan indeks keragaman sebesar 2,92 yang tergolong sedang. Kelompok fungsional semut terbagi menjadi kelompok oppurtunist (1 spesis), generalized myrmicinae (1 spesis), specialis predator (4 spesis), tropical climate specialis (6 spesis), dominant dolichoderinae (4 spesis), subordinate camponitini (6 spesis) dan criptic species (4 spesis). Faktor antropogenik yang menyebabkan kerusakan habitat hutan lindung yakni pembukaan wilayah hutan, penebangan pohon, pembakaran hutan, perladangan berpindah dan pembangunan fisik akibatnya terjadi fragmentasi dan degradasi habitat yang diikuti dengan ketidakseimbangan lingkungan dan komponen ekosistem.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to know response ants to damage due to presence of human in Sirimau forest Ambon. The research was conducted from June 2011 until July 2012. Research to obtains data about richness, abundance, diversity, frequency and functional response from ants to anthropogenic damage in Sirimau forest with line transect method. Additional parameters measured were microclimate factors, physical and chemical of soil. The study found 23 species of ants, 16.601 individuals with highest species abundance of 0.158, 32.44% frequency and diversity index of 2.92 were classified as moderate. Functionally ants found in the group classified are oppurtunist (1 species), generalized myrmicinae (1 species), specialist predators (4 species), tropical climate specialists (6 species), dominant dolichoderinae (4 species), subordinate camponitini (6 species) and criptic species (4 species). Anthropogenic factor have contribute to destruction of forest habitat through opening forests, logging, forest fires and shifting cultivation. Anthropogenic damage in secondary forest causing fragmentation and degradation, followed by imbalance of environment and ecosystem components.

Keywords

antropogenik; kerusakan habitat; komunitas semut; respon semut; anthropogenic; ant communities; ant response; habitat destruction

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18739