ANALISIS KUALITAS LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN BERDASARKAN KOMUNITAS MEIOBENTOS DAN KUALITAS SEDIMEN DI PANTAI DAN AREA PERTAMBAKAN, PESISIR SRIWULAN KABUPATEN DEMAK (The Quality Analysis of Aquatic Environment based on Meiobentos Community and Sediment Quality )

Abstract

ABSTRAK 

Tujuan studi ini meliputi (1) menentukan kualitas lingkungan daerah pesisir dan tambak ikan, kualitas sedimen, dan komunitas meiobentos, (2) menemukan hubungan antara kualitas sedimen dan meiobentos, dan (3) menentukan tingkat produktivitas peikampungan tambak ikan berdasarkan jarak, tingkat polusi dan destruksi. Parameter kualitas air dianalisis menggunakan metode deskriptif-komparatif, sedangkan parameter sedimen dianalisis menggunakan PCA (Principal Component Analisys) untuk menentukan distribusi spasial pada setiap stasiun pemantauan dan lapisan kedalaman sedimen. Komunitas meiobentos diperiksa dengan menggunakan CA (Factorial Correspondence Analysis) untuk mendeteksi tingkat distribusi spasial yang juga berdasarkan stasiun pemantauan dan lapisan kedalaman sedimen. Data tersebut dianalisis menggunakan korelasi dan regresi untuk memahami pengaruh parameter bebas terhadap produktivitas tambak ikan. Kemudian tes statistik non parametric dari Kruskall Wallis digunakan untuk membedakan produktivitas pada 3 desa berdasarkan jarak terhadap sumber pencemaran dan tingkat destruksi tambak ikan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai parameter kualitas air (muddy, TSS NH₃, NO₂, beyond threshold level), negative redox potential (Eh) sediment value/reduction zone, and IMLP adalah moderat. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa kondisi air di daerah penelitian tidak stabil. Penelitian juga menunjukkan nilai indeks diversitas yang rendah, dominasi organisme meiobentos tertentu, dan konformitas antar komunitas bentos. Hasil tes statistik Kruskall Wallis menunjukkan adanya signifikansi antara produktivitas tambak ikan dengan factor jarak dan tingkat destruksi diantara 3 desa dalam daerah penelitian yaitu Bedono, Sriwulan. Purwosari yaitu dengan nilai produktivitas 0.65,0.56, 0.41 ton/hektar/tahun.

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study area to determine the environmental quality of coastal area and fish ponds which are on water quality, sediment quality, and Meiobentos community, to find out the relation between sediment quality and Meiobentos, and to determine the productivity level of fish ponds villages which are based on their distance, pollution level and destruction. The parameters of water quality were analyzed with descriptive comparative method, while the parameters of sediment were analyzed with principal component analysis (PCA) to find out its spatial distribution according at each monitoring station and the layer of sediment depth. Meiobentos community is to examined by factorial correspondence analysis (CA) to  detect the level of its spatial distribution, which based on the monitoring station and the layer of sediment depth. Socio-economic parameters was collected by interviewing fish pond owners and tenant at the research area. It is analyzed with correlation regression to understand the influence of dependent parameter on independent parameter (the productivity of fish ponds). Then the nonparametric test statistic of Kruskall Wallis was used to differentiate the productivity at the three villages based on their distance from waste source and the destruction level of fish ponds. The research find out that water quality parameters (Muddy, TSS, NH3, NO2, beyond threshold level), negative redox potential (Eh) sediment value/reduction zone, and IMLP value are moderate. This shows the waters condition at the research area is still not stable. The results also show the low value of diversity index, the dominance of particular meiobentos organisms, and the conformity between meiobentos community. The results of Krskall Wallis statistical test point out that there is a significant differences between fish ponds productivity with the distance factor and the level of destruction in the three villages research areas, i.e Bedono, Sriwulan, Purwosari consercutively with productivity value 0.65, 0.56, 0.41 ton/hectare/year.