KONDISI TERUMBU KARANG DI PULAU WEH PASCA BENCANA MEGA TSUNAMI (Coral Reef Condition in Weh Island after Mega Tsunami Disaster)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi terumbu karang pasca tsunami sebagai langkah awal dalam upaya rehabilitasi terumbu karang. Metode yang digunakan adalah dengan membandingkan kondisi terumbu karang tahun 2002 sebelum tsunami dan tahun 2009 pasca tsunami menggunakan citra satelit Landsat ETM7 melalui analisis Lyzenga. Pengamatan langsung di lapangan menggunakan metode LIT (Line Intercept Transect) dan pengukuran kualitas perairan. Lokasi pengamatan berada di Ujung Seurawan,  Sea Garden di Pulau Rubiah,  Sea Garden 1, Rubiah Channel 2 dan  Loh Weng. Kondisi terumbu karang yang berada di Taman Wisata Alam (TWA) Pulau Weh ini berada pada kondisi yang buruk sampai baik. Terumbu karang kondisi baik terdapat di lokasi Sea Garden 1 (54,26 %), kondisi sedang di Rubiah Channel 2 (26,32%) dan Sea Garden 2 (39,5%) sedangkan kondisi buruk terdapat di Ujung Seurawan (19,28 %) dan Loh Weng (15,14%). Bentuk kerusakan terumbu karang antara lain patah, terbalik dan hanyut. Jenis terumbu karang yang rusak terdapat di sebelah timur Pulau Weh yaitu sekitar Pulau Rubiah dan sekitar Teluk Loh Pria Laot. Kisaran kondisi perairan berupa pH, salinitas, suhu dan DO menunjukkan bahwa kualitas perairan berada pada kondisi baik untuk perencanaan kegiatan rehabilitasi terumbu karang.

ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the condition of coral reefs after the tsunami as the first step in the rehabilitation of coral reefs. The methods used are of comparing the condition of coral reefs between pre-tsunami in 2002 and post-tsunami in 2009 using Landsat satellite imagery ETM7 through Lyzenga analysis, direct observe of the coral reefs in the field have been done using the LIT (Line Intercept Transect) and measurement of water quality. Locations of observations are in Ujung Seurawan, Sea Garden in Rubiah Island, Sea Garden 1, Rubiah Channel 2 and Loh Weng. The condition of coral reefs in the Natural Park (TWA) Weh Island is generally in the range between poor and good. The coral reefs at Sea Garden 1 (54.26 % ) are in good condition, those in Rubiah Channel 2 (26.32 % ) and Sea Garden 2 (39.5 %) are in moderate condition, while those in Ujung Seurawan (19.28 % ) and Loh Weng (15.14 %) are in  poor conditions. Forms of damage to coral reefs are including broken, overturned and swept away. The damaged reefs are located on the east of Weh Island, which is around Rubiah Island and around the Gulf of Loh Pria Laot. Range of water conditions such as pH, salinity, temperature and DO indicate that the qualities of the waters are good for rehabilitation planning of coral reefs.