KERUSAKAN TEGAKAN TINGGAL AKIBAT PEMANENAN KAYU DI HUTAN ALAM RAWA GAMBUT (Residual Stand Damage Caused By Timber Harvesting in Natural Peat Swamp Forest)

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Hutan rawa gambut memiliki fungsi sangat penting baik fungsi hidrologi, ekologi, ekonomi maupun sosial. Pada sisi lain, diduga bahwa kegiatan pemanenan hutan berpotensi dapat menurunkan fungsi tersebut. Oleh karena itu diperlukan pengukuran dan penghitungan secara akurat terhadap kerusakan tegakan tinggal di hutan rawa gambut di Provinsi Riau dengan tujuan untuk mengevaluasi implementasi kegiatan pemanenan hutan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa kegiatan pemanenan hutan menyebabkan terjadinya kerusakan tegakan tinggal berdiameter ≥ 10 cm sebesar 40% yang terdiri dari 20% akibat kegiatan penebangan pohon dan 20% akibat kegiatan penyaradan kayu. Kerusakan tegakan tinggal akibat pemanenan hutan dikelompokan menjadi kerusakan berat sebesar 77%, kerusakan sedang sebesar 14% dan kerusakan ringan sebesar 9%.   

ABSTRACT

Peat swamp forest has important functions consisted all aspects of hydrology, ecology, economic and social. Meanwhile, timber harvesting activities can potencially reduce some punctions of peat swamp forest.  Measurement and calculation on residual stand damage in natural peat swamp forest should be done accurately to evaluate implementation of timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest and to estimate forest carbon stock.  The objective of the study is to measure trees damage in order to evaluate implementation of timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest. The study was conducted in the forest concession area of PT. Diamond Raya Timber, Riau Province, Indonesia. The study found that the damage of trees > 10 cm caused by timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest was 40%. It consisted of 20% caused by tree felling and 20% caused by timber skidding. The damage of trees > 10 cm caused by timber harvesting in natural peat swamp forest classified as heavy damage of 77%, moderate damage of 14%, and light damage of 9%.