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ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AT KUNING RIVER COURSE IN MERAPI VOLCANO YOGYAKARTA SPECIAL REGION (Pengelolaan Lingkungan Alur Kali Kuning di Gunungapi Merapi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta)

https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18477

Darmakusuma Darmanto(1*)

(1) Department of Environmental Geography, Faculty of Geography, Gadjah Mada University Yogyakarta Sekip Utaraya, Yogyakarta 55281
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


ABSTRACT

This Research aims at: (a) to  study the influence of grain size and amount of sediment to the river course function and geometry, (b) analyzing the impact of the using the sediments, water and land to the river channel and (c) evaluating the current environmental management and formulating some strategies for future river management. Beside that Merapi Volcano is known as the most active volcano in the world and it is pointed as a National Park because of the amount of vegetation specieses. The methods of this research are threehold: (1) morphometrical measurement of  Kuning River e.g depth and width coupled with the analysis of the sediment (e.g  diameter, specific gravit, percentage of boulders); (2) physical-environmental aspect determination (vegetation, percentage of coverage) and (3) social-economic survey in order to determine the household improvements, level of income, socialization of sediment related hazards as well as the sand mining.   These three analysis were conducted in the framework of ecology and spatial concept. The results obtained in this research are: 1) Merapi eruptions materials diturbed the river channel geometry to an abnormal condition following the rules of ecology, also the function of river as: gathering, storage and drainage of water and sediment, 2) utilization of river courses for water supply, agriculture and mining in particular sand, rocks and boulders can be made a spatial planning arrangement and  utilization is also to improve the welfare of local society and the District, 3) evaluation management to catchment or river course is undeveloped and have not even seen, so it requires management that is based on Indonesian regulation and should also noticed the characteristics of Merapi Volcano such as lahar, nuee ardente and the dense of population in the research area.


ABSTRAK

 

Pentelitian ini bertujuam: (a) mempelajari pengaruh besaran sedimen terhadap fungsi alur sungai, (b) menganalisis dampak terhadap alur sungai akibat pemanfaatan sedimen, air dan lahan dan (c) evaluasi terhadap pengelolaan lingkungan alur sungai dan mencari arahan untuk meminimalisasi dampak yang terjadi. Selain Gunungapi Merapi merupakan yang teraktif di dunia, juga telah dipilih menjadi Taman Nasional karena mempunyai spesies yang cukup banyak.Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi: 1) pengukuran geometri dari Kali Kuning meliputi kedalaman dan lebar lembah sungai dikaitkan dengan material sedimen yang meliputi: diameter, berat jenis dan persentase bongkah, (2) deterrninasi terhadap aspek lingkungan fisik (vegetasi dan persentase tutupan lahan) dan (3) survei sosial-ekonomi untuk melihat ,peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan penghasilan serta sosiolisasi terhadap bahaya sedimen termasuk penambangannya. Ketiga analisis ini dirangkum melalui pendekatan ekologi dan spasial.Hasil yang diperoleh dalam penelitian ini: 1) material erupsi Merapi yang terusmenerus mengakibatkan perkembangan geometri alur sungai menjadi tidak normal secara ekologis, sehingga fungsinya sebagai: penyimpan, penimbun dan pengaliran air dan sedimen kurang optimal: 2) pemanfaatan alur sungai untuk air bersih, pertanian dan khususnya penambangan pasir, batu dan bongkah dapat dibuat tata ruangnya, sehingga mempermudah untuk mendapatknnnya dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat dan daerah: dan 3) arahan pengelolaan pada daerah aliran sungai maupun pada alur sungai belum terlihat, sehingga diperlukan pengelolaan berdasarkan peraturan yang telah ada dan perlu memperhatikan karakteritik Gunungapi Merapi seperti lahar dingin, awan panas dan penduduk yang Padat.


Keywords


Environmental management; Merapi volcano; river course; and Yogyakarta Special Region




DOI: https://doi.org/10.22146/jml.18477

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