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NILAI EKONOMI TOTAL KONVERSI LAHAN PERTANIAN DI KABUPATEN SLEMAN (Total Economic Value of the Land Agricultural Conversion in Sleman Regency)
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Rika Harini(1*), Hadi Sabari Yunus(2), Kasto Kasto(3), Slamet Hartono(4)
(1) Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(2) Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(3) Fakultas Geografi Universitas Gadjah Mada
(4) Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Gadjah Mada
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
ABSTRAK
Konversi lahan pertanian untuk penggunaan non pertanian merupakan suatu fenomena yang tidak dapat dihindarkan. Penilaian secara ekonomi maupun lingkungan perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui tingkat keuntungan secara finansial maupun kelingkungan dari kegiatan pertanian. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Sleman melalui metode survai dengan 90 responden sebagai sampel penelitian. Wilayah kajian didasarkan pada tingkat konversi lahan pertanian selama kurun waktu 17 tahun. Melalui Citra Landsat TM 1992, 2000 dan Citra Alos 2009 dapat diketahui luas konversi lahan pertanian di semua wilayah di Kabupaten Sleman. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif maupun kuantitatif dengan uji statistik melalui model uji Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) dan juga model Total Economic Value (TEV). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa terjadi variasi tingkat konversi lahan pertanian di wilayah Kabupaten Sleman. Hasil perhitungan dengan metode TEV menunjukkan bahwa pada wilayah zone 1 nilai ekonomi usahatani lahan sawah lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan wilayah zone 2, sedangkan pada zone 3 nilai ekonomi dari usahatani lahan sawah paling tinggi. Tingkat pencemaran akibat adanya konversi lahan pertanian berdampak pada hasil kegiatan usahatani lahan sawah. Pencemaran yang dianggap paling tinggi oleh petani untuk saat ini adalah pencemaran air, sedangkan untuk pencemaran tanah dan udara belum dirasakan. Konversi lahan juga berdampak terhadap produksi hasil komoditi lahan sawah. Meskipun hasil produksi komoditas pertanian juga dipengaruhi oleh luas lahan sawah, konversi, teknologi dan produktivitas pada setiap zone wilayah kajian.
ABSTRACT
The conversion of agricultural land for non agricultural purposes is a phenomenon that inevitable. Economic and environmental assessment needs to be done to determine the level of profit financially and environmentally of farming activities on the agricultural sector. The study was conducted in Sleman Regency through survey methods using 90 respondents as the research samples. The study area is based on a conversion rate of the agricultural land during the period of 17 years. Through Landsat TM images year 1992 and 2000, also Alos images year 2009, can be determined the conversion of agricultural land all regions in Sleman Regency. Data analysis is performed qualitatively and quantitatively using descriptive statistical test through test models Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) and also Total Economic Value (TEV) model. The research result show there are varying levels of the agricultural land conversion in Sleman Regency. The assessment result using TEV method is obtained that in the zone 1 region, the economic value of wetland farming is lower than the area of zone 2, while in the region of zone 3 has a high value. The level of pollution is caused by the conversion of agricultural land which impacted on the results of wetland farming activities. The most pollution which is assumed by the farmers recently is water pollution, otherwise the soil and the air contamination, there is no response by them. The conversion of the agricultural land also impacts to the production of commodities. The commodities production is also influenced by the area of wetland, technology and productivity in each zone of the study area.
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